Fiber Nonlinearities and Their Impact on Transmission Systems

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Cross-Phase Modulation (CPM) • The frequency shift caused by CPM is given by dP ∆B = 2γLe dt • Since CPM is an interaction between channels, the presence of chromatic dispersion means that pulses from interfering channels will not remain superimposed on the pulses in the channel of interest Tuesday, March 22, 2005 16(32)
Four-Photon Mixing (FPM) • FPM is a third-order nonlinearity caused by the nonlinear refractive index of the fiber • Example: If two signals with the frequencies f 1 <strong>and</strong> f 2 are traveling in the fiber, two new cross products will appear, 2f 1 -f 2 <strong>and</strong> 2f 2 -f 1 . (Compare with IM3 <strong>and</strong> IP3 for electrical circuits) • The number of interfering products increase rapidly with the number of signals (N) as ½(N 3 -N 2 ) Tuesday, March 22, 2005 17(32)
Page 1 and 2: Fiber Nonl
Page 3 and 4: Introduction • Fiber</str
Page 5 and 6: Introduction • Chromatic dispersi
Page 7 and 8: An Overview of Fiber</stron
Page 9 and 10: Stimulated Brillouin Scattering (SB
Page 11 and 12: Stimulated Brillouin Scattering (SB
Page 13 and 14: Self-Phase Modulation (SPM) • SPM
Page 15: Cross-Phase Modulation (CPM) • CP
Page 19 and 20: Four-Photon Mixing (FPM) • Channe
Page 21 and 22: Four-Photon Mixing (FPM) • Disper
Page 23 and 24: Dispersion Management • Dispersio
Page 25 and 26: Modulation Instability (MI) • Mod
Page 27 and 28: Stimulated Raman Scattering (SRS)
Page 29 and 30: Scaling Nonlinearities</str
Page 31 and 32: Summary • Two categories of nonli

Fiber Nonlinearities and Their Impact on Transmission Systems

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