Fiber Nonlinearities and Their Impact on Transmission Systems
Fiber Nonlinearities and Their Impact on Transmission Systems
Fiber Nonlinearities and Their Impact on Transmission Systems
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Four-Phot<strong>on</strong> Mixing (FPM)<br />
• FPM is a third-order n<strong>on</strong>linearity caused<br />
by the n<strong>on</strong>linear refractive index of the<br />
fiber<br />
• Example: If two signals with the<br />
frequencies f 1 <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> f 2 are traveling in the<br />
fiber, two new cross products will appear,<br />
2f 1 -f 2 <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> 2f 2 -f 1 . (Compare with IM3 <str<strong>on</strong>g>and</str<strong>on</strong>g> IP3<br />
for electrical circuits)<br />
• The number of interfering products<br />
increase rapidly with the number of<br />
signals (N) as ½(N<br />
3 -N 2 )<br />
Tuesday, March 22, 2005<br />
17(32)
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