Flipchart 130907 Final.pdf - iwrm

FLIPCHART 6: Water quality and the cycle
of disease
FLIPCHART 6: Iqophelo lamanzi kanye
nomjikelezo wesifo
Message: Safe water and good hygiene practices are important to keep people healthy
Notes to facilitator
1. Show participants the picture of bad practices and discuss what is happening in them. Ask them questions like the
following ones:
a. What unhealthy practices can you see in these pictures
b. How do you think these practices spread disease
c. What sicknesses do you think the people in these pictures would be in danger of getting Do people in your community
get these kinds of sicknesses Who do you think is most at risk Why
d. What can you do to prevent disease from spreading
e. Do you know people who don’t wash their hands, or keep food and water clean How can you get them to change their
ways
Possible answers:
a. The pictures show how disease is spread through the 6 Fs:
Faeces: A young child defecates outside, helped by his sister.
Fingers: A child eats food without washing his hands first.
Flies: Flies settle on faeces and then fly onto food.
Food: The young girl preparing the food did not wash her hands after using the toilet.
Fluid (water) The young girl drinks water from the river that has not been made safe to drink.
Fields: The girl’s brother steps on his faeces, and wipes them off his foot with his hands.
b. All of these practices spread germs that cause disease.
c. People would be vulnerable to diarrhoea, dysentery, typhoid, cholera, etc. Babies and young children are particularly at risk because their
bodies have not yet built up resistance to these illnesses. People who are HIV positive are also especially vulnerable because their bodies are
less able to fight disease than healthy bodies. Clean food and water can prolong their lives. If they keep fit and healthy it will take longer for the
HI Virus to turn into full-blown AIDS.
d. Some ways of preventing diseases are: washing hands after using the toilet and before preparing food, not defecating outside where other
people will walk or near a river, keeping toilets clean and in good working order, boiling or sterilising drinking water, covering food to prevent
flies from settling on it.
e. People who don’t wash their hands, or keep food and water clean need to be told that this is dangerous to their health. Parents have a
responsibility to educate their own children, but encourage participants to think of ways in which they could educate other members of the
community about the importance of hygiene. Some possibilities are: asking the district nurse to give a talk on the issue, organising a poster
campaign, running workshops, asking the school headmaster to address / reinforce these good practices at the school, to carry the message
right through the community, etc.
2. Now show the participants the pictures of good practices and ask them to explain how each of the bad practices has been
dealt with.
Possible answers:
Faeces: The young child is no longer defecating outside but is being helped by his mother to use the toilet.
Fingers: The mother is showing the child how to wash his hands after using the toilet.
Flies: Food is covered to prevent flies from sitting on it.
Food: The mother and daughter are washing their hands before they prepare food.
Fluid: The water for the house is being boiled, and kept in a container with a lid.
Fields: The area around the toilet and the house is clean.
Umyalezo: Amanzi aphephile kanye nezinto ezenziwayo zokuhlanzeka okuhle zibalulekile
ukugcina abantu benempilo
Amanothi omuntu osizayo
1. Khombisa abantu ababambe iqhaza isithombe sezinto ezenziwayo ezimbi bese nixoxa ukuthi kwenzekani kuzo. Babuze
imibuzo enjengalena elandelayo:
a. Yiziphi izinto ezenziwayo ezingezinhle okwazi ukuzibona kulezi zithombe
b. Ucabanga ukuthi lezi zinto ezenziwayo ziwasabalalisa kanjani amagciwane
c. Ucabanga ukuthi yiziphi izifo abantu abakulezi zithombe abangaba sengozini yokuzithola Ingabe abantu emiphakathini
yangakini bayazithola lezi zinhlobo zezifo Ubani ocabanga ukuthi usengozini kakhulu Kungani
d. Yini eningayenza ukuvimbela ukuthi lezi zifo zingasabalali
e. Ingabe uyabazi abantu abangazigezi izandla zabo, noma bagcine ukudla kanye namanzi kuhlanzekile Ungabashintshisa
kanjani izindlela zabo
Izimpendulo ezinokutholakala:
a. Izithombe zikhombisa ukuthi izifo zingasabalala kanjani ngezindlela eziyi-sithupha.
Amakaka: Ingane esencane ikaka ngaphandle, isizwa udadewabo.
Iminwe: Ingane iyadla ingaqalanga ngokugeza izandla zayo.
Izimpukane: Izimpukane zihlala emakakeni bese zindiza zihlale ekudleni.
Ukudla: Intombazane esencane elungisa ukudla ayizange igeze izandla zayo emva kokusebenzisa ithoyilethi.
Uketshezi (amanzi): Intombazane esencane iphuza amanzi angcolile avela emfuleni angazange enziwe ukuthi aphephele ukuthi aphuzwe.
Amasimu: Umfowabo wentombazane unyathela amakaka akhe bese ewesula ngesandla sakhe.
b. Zonke lezi zinto ezenziwayo zandisa amagciwane angabanga izifo.
c. Abatu bazobekeka engozini yesifo sohudo, isifo sohudo olunegazi, i-typhoid, ikholera, njll. Abantwana kanye nezingane ezincane basengozini
kakhulu ngoba imizimba yabo ayikakwazi ukumelana nalezi zifo. Abantu abane-HIV nabo basengozini ngoba imizimba yabo ikwazi kancane
ukulwa nezifo kunabantu abanemizimba ephilile. Ukudla kanye namanzi okuhlanzekile kungazelula izimpilo zabo. Uma behlala beqinile futhi
bephilile kuzothatha isikhathi eside ukuthi Igciwane le-HI liphenduke libe Ingculazi ephelele.
d. Ezinye izindlela zokuvimbela izifo yilezi: ukugeza izandla emva kokusebenzisa ithoyilethi nangaphambi kokulungisa ukudla, ukungakaki
ngaphandle lapho okuzohamba khona abantu noma eduze komfula, ukugcina amathoyilethi ehlanzekile futhi esebenza kahle, ukubilisa noma
ukuhlanza amanzi okuphuza, ukumboza ukudla ukuze kuvinjelwe izimpukane zingahlali phezu kwakho.
e. Abantu abangazigezi izandla zabo, noma abangagcini ukudla namanzi kuhlanzekile kudingeka batshelwe ukuthi lokhu kuyingozi ezimpilweni
zabo. Abazali banomsebenzi wokufundisa izingane zabo, kodwa khuthaza abantu ababambe iqhaza ukuthi bacabange ngezindlela
abangafundisa amanye amalungu omphakathi ngazo ngokubaluleka kokuhlanzeka. Ezinye izinto ezingenzeka yilezi: ukucela unesi wesigodi
ukuthi akhulume ngalolu daba, ahlele umkhankaso wamaphosta, enze imihlangano yokufundisana, ukucela uthishomkhulu wesikole ukuthi
akhulume/agcizelele izenzo ezinhle esikoleni, ukudlulisa umyalezo ufinyelele emphakathini, njll.
2. Manje khombisa abantu ababmbe iqhaza izithombe zokwenza okuhle bese ubacela ukuthi bachaza ukuthi kubhekwane
kanjani nesenzo esibi ngasinye.
Izimpendulo ezinokutholakala:
Amakaka: Ingane encane ayisakaki ngaphandle kodwa umama wayo uyayisiza ukusebenzisa ithoyilethi.
Iminwe: Umama ukhombisa ingane ukuthi izandla izigeza kanjani emva kokusebenzisa ithoyilethi.
Izimpukane: Ukudla kuyembozwa ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuthi kungahlalwa yizimpukane
Ukudla: Umama kanye nendodakazi bageza izandla ngaphambi kokulungisa ukudla.
Uketshezi: Amanzi asendlini ayabiliswa, bese efakwa esitsheni esinesivalo.
Amasimu: Indawo ezungeze ithoyilethi kanye nendlu ihlanzekile.
© MiET Africa and Africa!Ignite 2007
Flipchart 6