Flipchart 130907 Final.pdf - iwrm

FLIPCHART 10: Managing catchment areas
FLIPCHART 10: Ukuvikela imithombo yamanzi
Message: people living in catchment areas have a shared responsibility to keep water clean
and healthy, not only for themselves but for people living downstream as well
Background
The purpose of establishing Catchment Management Agencies (CMAs) is for national government to delegate water resource management to the
catchment level, and to involve local communities.
A water management area is an area of responsibility of a single catchment management agency. The initial functions of a CMA are to:
• investigate and advise on the protection, use, development, conservation, management and control of the water resources in its water
management area
• develop a catchment management strategy
• co-ordinate the activities of water users and water management institutions
• promote the implementation of an applicable water services development plan
• promote community participation.
Notes to facilitator
1. Point out the catchment area in the picture.
Explain that it is an area of land that catches water from rain and small streams and rivers, and sends water downhill into a big river. Get the
participants to tell you what is happening in each part of the picture, i.e. It shows a typical village in KwaZulu-Natal where the rainfall is plentiful
and the soil is fertile. But there are some problems:
• A farmer is diverting water to his lands.
• A leisure resort is not using water responsibly. The waste water from the resort is being pumped into the river. Toilets on the edge of the marsh
have septic tanks that drain into the marshes.
• A village pit toilet has been built too close to the river and is contaminating the water.
• Women are washing clothes in the river.
• A boy is urinating into the river.
• Cattle are walking through the river, polluting it with their faeces.
• Rubbish has been dumped in the river.
• Even further downstream crops are dying and the groundwater and river water is no longer as pure as it was at the source.
• The village women call a meeting with the farmer and the resort own to discuss what the whole village can do about the quality of water. As
they are downstream, they are the most affected. Together the village community forms a forum to put together a plan of action.
2. Facilitate a discussion about the right to clean, safe water. Ask questions like the following:
a. What is a catchment area
b. Why should people living in the same catchment area work together
c. Does the government have a responsibility to protect people’s rights to water and health Can the government always
guarantee this right
d. What water resources does your community have How can your community protect its own water resources
e. What can everyone do to ensure that all the water is protected
f. Why is it important that everyone living in a catchment area should conserve and manage their water resources
Possible answers:
a. A catchment area is an area of land that catches water from rain and small streams and rivers, and sends that water downhill into a river.
b. People living in the same catchment area should work together because they all use the water so they have a shared interest in making sure
that there is enough clean, safe water for everyone.
c. Water is a human right, and government is responsible to help meet people’s need for enough safe water. However, people often have to work
together to make sure that the government will honour and protect people’s rights to water security.
d. Get participants to describe the water resources available to their own community. Listen to their ideas and encourage them to use what they
learnt about protecting water sources to help them.
e. The resort could conserve water and prevent pollution by using waste water to water the garden rather than pumping it into the river. The
toilets should be moved so that the septic tanks no longer drain into the marshes. The farmers can conserve water by harvesting rainwater
more efficiently and by building bigger reservoirs. Water allowances could be set in order to limit the amount of water that people can get. This
would need to be monitored so that people do not take more than they are entitled to.
f. There are many different practices that threaten the quality and quantity of water in catchment areas. This is why everyone living in the area
needs to work together to find ways of using water more responsibly. For example, farmers may find ways of diverting less water to their
land but if the resort’s septic tanks are still leaking into the marshes then the water quality downstream will still be a problem. This is why it’s
important for all the communities in the area to work together to conserve and manage their water resources.
Umyalezo: abantu abahlala ezindaweni ezigcina amanzi banomsebenzi okufanele babelane
ngawo wokugcina amanzi ehlanzekile futhi enempilo, hhayi nje kubo kuphela
kodwa nakulabo abahlala ezansi nomfula
Isendlalelo:
Inhloso yokwenza Izinhlangano Zokuphathwa Kwezindawo Zokugcina Amanzi (Catchment Management Agencies (CMAs)) ukuthi uhulumeni kazwelonke
adlulisele ukuphathwa kwezidingongqangi zamanzi ezingeni lezindawo zokugcina amanzi, futhi abandakanye imiphakathi yendawo.
Indawo ephatha amanzi indawo ebhekela umsebenzi wenhlangano yokuphatha indawo yokugcina amanzi eyodwa. Imisebenzi yokuqala ye-CMA yilena:
• ukuphenya kanye nokweluleka ngokuvikela, ukusebenza, ukuthuthukisa, ukonga, ukuphatha kanye nokulawula izidingongqangi zamanzi endaweni eyiphethe
• ukwenza isu lokuphathwa kwezinddawo zokugcina amanzi
• ukuxhumanisa imisebenzi yabasebenzisi bamanzi kanye nezikhungo zokuphatha amanzi
• ukukhuthaza ukuqala ukusetshenziswa kohlelo lokuthuthukisa imisebenzi yamanzi olungasebenziseka
• ukukhuthaza ukuhlanganyela komphakathi.
Amanothi omuntu osizayo
1. Khomba indawo yokugcina amanzi esithombeni. Chaza ukuthi indawo engenisa amanzi avela emvuleni kanye nasemifuleni emincane kanye
nasemifuleni, bese iyawehlisa amanzi iwangenise emfuleni omkhulu. Cela abantu ababambe iqhaza ukuthi mabakutshele ukuthi kwenzekani engxenyeni
yesithombe ngayinye, okungukuthi sikhombisa amakhaya kwaZulu-Natali lapho kunemvula eningi khona futhi nomhlabathi uvundile khona. Kodwa kunezinye
izinkinga:
• Umlimi uphambukisela amanzi emhlabeni wakhe.
• Indawo ayiwasebenzisi amanzi ngendlela efanele. Amanzi angcolile aphuma endaweni yokuphumula ampontshelwa emfuleni. Amathoyilethi
asemaphethelweni amaxhaphozi anamathangi abolisayo akhiphela amanzi emaxhaphozini.
• Ithoyilethi lomgodi lemizi lakhiwe laba seduze kakhulu nomfula futhi lingcolisa amanzi.
• Abesifazane bawasha izimpahla zokugqoka emfuleni.
• Umfana uchamela emfuleni.
• Izinkomo zinqamula emfuleni, zingcolisa amanzi ngobulongwe bazo.
• Kulahlwe udoti emfuleni.
• Ngisho nasezansi nomfula izitshalo ziyafa kanti namanzi aphansi kanye namanzi omfula awasahlanzekile njengoba bekunjalo emthonjeni.
• Owesimame wasemizini wabiza umhlangano nomlimi kanye nomnikazi wendawo yokuphumula baxoxa ngokuthi yini engenziwa abantu bemizi
ngeqophelo lamanzi. Njengoba besezansi nomfula, yibona abathinteke kakhulu. Undawonye umphakathi wasemizini wenza inhlangano yokuhlanganisa
uhlelo oluzokwenziwa.
2. Siza ekuqhubeni ingxoxo ngelungelo lamanzi ahlanzekile, aphephile. Buza imibuzo efana nalena elandelayo:
a. Yini indawo yokugcina amanzi
b. Kungani abantu abahlala endaweni efanayo yokugcina amanzi kufanele basebenze ndawonye
c. Ingabe uhulumeni unomsebenzi wokuvikela amalungelo abantu amanzi kanye nawempilo Uhulumeni angaliqinisekisa yini njalo
leli lungelo
d. Umphakathi wangakini unaziphi izidingongqangi eziphathelene namanzi Umphakathi wangakini ungazivikela kanjani izidingongqangi
zawo zamanzi
e. Yini engenziwa yiwo wonke umuntu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi onke amanzi avikelekile
f. Kungani kubalulekile ukuthi wonke umuntu ohlala endaweni yokugcina amanzi kufanele onge futhi aphathe izidingongqangi
zamanzi abo
Izimpendulo ezinokutholakala:
a. Indawo yokugcina amanzi indawo emhlabeni engenisa amanzi emvula nawemifudlana kanye nemifula, bese iwathumela ezansi nentaba angene emfuleni
omkhulu.
b. Abantu abahlala endaweni efanayo yokugcina amanzi kufanele basebenze ndawonye ngoba bonke basebenzisa amanzi, ngakho-ke bonke banothando
lokuthi baqinisekise ukuthi kunamanzi enele ahlanzekile, aphephile awo wonke umuntu.
c. Amanzi ayilungelo lomuntu, kanti uhulumeni unomsebenzi wokuhlangabezana nezidingo zabantu zamanzi anele aphephile. Kodwa-ke, abantu kufanele
basebenzisane ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uhulumeni uzohlonipha futhi avikele amalungelo abantu okuvikeleka kwamanzi.
d. Ababambe iqhaza mabachaze izidingongqangi zamanzi ezikhona emphakathini wabo. Lalela imibono yabo futhi ubakhuthaze ukuthi basebenzise lokho
abakufundile ngokuvikela imithombo ukuthi kubasize.
e. Indawo yokuphumula kufanele yonge amanzi futhi ivimbele ukungcola ngokusebenzisa amanzi angcolile ukunisela ingadi kunokuba iwaphampele emfuleni.
Amathoyilethi kufanele asuke ukuze amathangi abolisayo engezukhiphela emaxhaphozini. Abalimi bangonga amanzi ngokuthi amanzi emvula bawakhongozele
kahle futhi bakhe izindawo zokuwagcina ezinkulu. Kungashiwo ukuthi amanzi azonikezelwa ukuze kuzolawulwa inani lamanzi abantu abawatholayo. Lokhu
kuzodinga ukuthi kuqashwe ukuze abaantu bengezuthatha amanzi angaphezu kwalawo okufanele bawathole.
f. Kunezinto eziningi ezahlukene ezenziwayo eziyingozi ezingeni nasenanini lamanzi ezindaweni zokuwagcina. Yingakho nje wonke umuntu ohlala endaweni
kudingeka ukuthi basebenzisane ukuthola izindlela zokusebenzisa amanzi ngendlela enengqondo. Isibonelo, abalimi bangathola izindlela zokuphambukisela
amanzi amancane emhlabeni wabo kodwa uma ngabe amathangi abolisayo endawo yokuphumula esavuzela emaxhaphozini amanzi ezansi nomfula kusazoba
inkinga. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuthi yonke imiphakathi endaweni isebenze ndawonye ukonga kanye nokuphatha izidingongqangi zamanzi.
© MiET Africa and Africa!Ignite 2007
Flipchart 10