Substances, Mixtures, and Solubility - McGraw-Hill Higher Education
Substances, Mixtures, and Solubility - McGraw-Hill Higher Education
Substances, Mixtures, and Solubility - McGraw-Hill Higher Education
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Goals<br />
■ Determine the relative<br />
acidity or basicity of several<br />
common solutions.<br />
■ Compare the strengths<br />
of several common<br />
acids <strong>and</strong> bases.<br />
Materials<br />
small test tubes (9)<br />
test-tube rack<br />
concentrated red cabbage<br />
juice in a dropper bottle<br />
labeled bottles containing:<br />
household ammonia,<br />
baking soda solution,<br />
soap solution,<br />
0.1M hydrochloric acid<br />
solution, white vinegar,<br />
colorless carbonated<br />
soft drink, borax soap<br />
solution, distilled water<br />
grease pencil<br />
droppers (9)<br />
Safety Precautions<br />
Testing pH Using<br />
Natural IndicatWrs<br />
Real-World Question<br />
You have learned that certain substances, called indicators, change<br />
color when the pH of a solution changes. The juice from red cabbage is<br />
a natural indicator. How do the pH values of various solutions compare<br />
to each other How can you use red cabbage juice to determine<br />
the relative pH of several solutions<br />
Procedure<br />
1. Design a data table to record the names of the solutions to be<br />
tested, the colors caused by the added cabbage juice indicator, <strong>and</strong><br />
the relative strengths of the solutions.<br />
2. Mark each test tube with the identity of the acid or base solution it<br />
will contain.<br />
3. Half-fill each test tube with the solution to be tested.<br />
WARNING: If you spill any liquids on your skin, rinse the area immediately<br />
with water. Alert your teacher if any liquid spills in the work<br />
area or on your skin.<br />
WARNING: Many acids <strong>and</strong><br />
bases are poisonous, can<br />
damage your eyes, <strong>and</strong> can<br />
burn your skin. Wear goggles<br />
<strong>and</strong> gloves AT ALL<br />
TIMES. Tell your teacher<br />
immediately if a substance<br />
spills. Wash your h<strong>and</strong>s<br />
after you finish but before<br />
removing your goggles.<br />
240 CHAPTER 8 <strong>Substances</strong>, <strong>Mixtures</strong>, <strong>and</strong> <strong>Solubility</strong><br />
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