Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) - MCCS Camp Lejeune

Job Hazard Analysis
(JHA)
In support of OSHA’s Voluntary Protection Program (VPP)
And
Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune’ s desire to Improve
workplace safety, a JHA shall be conducted on all job
tasks to identify and control common hazards.
This lesson will assist you with establishing a JHA for all
job tasks.

WHAT’s a JHA
A Job Hazard Analysis is a technique that focuses on
job tasks as a way to identify hazards before they
result in injury, illness, property damage, or worse
It focuses on the relationship between the worker,
the task, the tools, and the work environment
Ideally, after you identify uncontrolled hazards, you
will take steps to eliminate or reduce them to an
acceptable risk level

How do I know that I’m doing my job safely
1. Prior to performing any work, review the JHA for that
job task.
• It identifies safety hazards in the workplace.
• Each job is broken down into process steps making
it easier to identify, eliminate, & control hazards.
2. JHA identifies required training for each task
• SOPs, Training guides, Operational Manuals, etc
listed for required qualifications to perform task.

How do I know that I’m doing my job safely
Cont.
3. JHA identifies required Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE) for the job task.
• Standardizes operations based on appropriate
PPE based on the acceptable risk level.
Employees must understand Job hazard analysis is a
VPP (Voluntary Protection Program) recognition
Requirement!

Job Hazard Analysis
(JHA)

Who Should Perform a JHA
• A Job Hazard Analysis should
be conducted and documented
by a team, supervisors &
employees, who are familiar
with and knowledgeable of the
process.
• This team should be
knowledgeable, but objective.
People who work frequently on
the task tend to get
comfortable, and can overlook
hazards others would spot.
Conducting a JHA

Conducting a JHA cont.
JHAs written based on PRIORITIES
Consider giving priority to:
• jobs with the highest injury or illness rates
• jobs where there have been “Near Miss” –where an
incident occurred but no one got hurt
• jobs where OSHA standards might have been
identified
• jobs with the potential to cause serious injuries or
illness, even if there is no history of such problems
• jobs in which one simple human mistake could lead
to severe injury
• jobs that are new to your operation or have been
changed
• jobs complex enough to require written instructions

Conducting a JHA cont.
HOW TO START
• The JHA is a five step process which includes;
– Employee Involvement
• JHA is not an employee evaluation but a Task
evaluation
• Employees are involved in the entire process
• Supervisors & employees discuss the steps involved
with a particular job task and why

Identify Hazardous Conditions –Step 1
After Tasks are broken into steps, the next step is to
identify the hazards
HOW TO DO IT
Identify the hazards of each step by asking :
• What can go wrong
• What are the consequences
• How could it happen
• What are other contributing factors
• How likely is it that the hazard will occur

Identify Hazardous Conditions
Review the list of hazards with employees who do the
job. Discuss what could be done to eliminate or
reduce them.

Determine Root Causes –Step 2
Root Cause ‐ failure, or fault from which a chain of effects or
failures originates.
Example : Employee cut hand with a box cutter.
Contributing factor: Employee used excess force
Contributing factor : hand in path of blade
Contributing factor:: Lack of training from supervisor
Root Cause : Dull blade and lack of training
• Potential causes of injuries include:
– Lack of knowledge
– Lack of physical ability
– Prior training that included unsafe
practices
– Previously unidentified hazard
– Newly introduced hazard resulting from process or equipment change.

Eliminate the Hazards –Step 3
After Hazards are identified they must be mitigated
using one or a combination of these techniques

Engineering Controls
• Engineering controls eliminate
exposure to the hazard by:
• 1. Isolating the employee from the
hazard
• 2. Improving (redesign) work area
layout
• 3. Substituting less hazardous
product
• 4. Modifying equipment

Administrative Controls
• Administrative controls
reduce employee
exposure to a hazard by:
1. Reducing the frequency of
performing the hazardous task
2. Rotating employees to
reduce exposure time
3. Training employees to
recognize hazards and employ
safety practices.

Administrative Controls
• Accountability for carrying out actions should
be clearly assigned, understood, and initialed
by the respective person indicating their
personal commitment and accountability for
that action.

PPE
• OSHA requires employers to provide
PPE to reduce employee exposure to
hazards when engineering and
administrative controls are not feasible
or effective
• PPE alone should not be relied on to
protect against hazards; other uses
include guards, engineering controls,
and sound manufacturing practices.

Control Measures –Step 4
What do I do next
Correct the unsafe conditions and processes.
• Train all employees on the new conditions and
updated process
• Ensure employees understand these changes

Control Measures
What do I do next
Use the JHAs!
• Annual Review
• With new equipment
• Train new employees

Evaluation of Effectiveness –Step 5
• Once the JHA is completed, it
should be reviewed by someone
with authority to implement
changes.
• Supervisors should follow up to
make sure that the
recommendations have been acted
upon.
• The JHA’s should be logged and filed
for future reference.

Evaluation of Effectiveness
• Assess how well the JHA process is “fixing” hazardous
conditions by:
– Updating JHAs for routine and non‐routine task
– Ensuring JHAs were developed for all new processes
– Conducting routine self‐inspections
– Examining Industrial Hygiene reports
–Reviewing investigation findings for injuries and near
misses
– Following up on employee concerns.
• Incorporate evaluation into Annual Program Evaluation
process.

Blank JHA
Organization:
MCCS
Task:
JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS WORKSHEET
Division:
Section/Shop:
Conducted By:
David
Reviewed By:
Approved By:
Date: Date: Date:
Sequence of Steps
1. Get/Drive/park MCCS
vehicle
2. Sort merchandise
3. Working environment
4. Product destruction
Potential Accidents or
Hazards
1. Driving hazards.
2a. Cuts/lacerations from
broken glass.
2b. Chemical irritation
from broken containers.
3a. Too hot/too cold.
3b. Inadequate lighting.
3c. Trip hazards from
crowded room.
3d. Head injuries from
overhead obstacles.
4a. Laceration from box
cutters.
4b. Lower back injury from
lifting surveyed items.
Preventative Measures
1. Wear seat belt. Pay
attention to road
signs.
Drive defensively.
2a & b. Wear gloves,
mask, and eye
protection.
3a. Dress appropriately
for the stores
condition.
3b. Relocate survey
items to a well lit
area.
3c & 3d. Be aware of
environment and
surroundings. Take your
time when walking into
crowded area.
4a. Wear leather gloves
and ensure you know
where both hands are
before using cutter.
4b. Use proper lifting
techniques and
mechanical devices when
necessary.

DOCUMENTING a JHA
• JHAs can be written & saved in ESAMS
• Approved JHAs in ESAMS provide excellent examples of
specific job tasks
• For detailed steps for creating & inputting JHAs into ESAMS
contact MCCS Safety.

DOCUMENTING a JHA
• Review Recent/Approved JHA

QUIZ
1. Employees are not involved in the JHA process.
a. True
b. False
2. Step 1 in doing a JHA is
a. Determine the root cause
b. Identify Hazards
c. Eliminate hazards
3. Name three mitigation techniques to eliminate hazards.
a. ______________
b. ______________
c. ______________

Summary
• The information provided was intended to
assist Directors, Department heads,
Supervisors and Managers by;
1. Using the 5 step process in conducting your
JHA
2. Reducing the occurrence of workplace
injuries by using the JHA
3. Increasing worker productivity and morale
4. Maintaining compliance with regulatory
agencies.

QUIZ Answers
1. Employees are not involved in the JHA process.
b. False
2. The first step in doing a JHA is
b. Identify Hazards
3. Name three mitigation techniques to eliminate hazards.
a. Engineering
b. Administrative
c. PPE