DO PATENT POOLS ENCOURAGE INNOVATION? EVIDENCE ...

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Hall, Bronwyn. Adam B. Jaffe, and Manuel Trajtenberg (2001). "The NBER Patent Citation Data File: Lessons, Insights and Methodological Tools." NBER Working Paper 8498. Lampe, Ryan and Petra Moser. “Do Patent Pools Encourage Innovation Evidence from the 19 th -Century Sewing Machine Industry” The Journal of Economic History, 2010, 70(4), pp. 871-897. Lampe, Ryan and Petra Moser. “Patent Pools and the Direction of R&D” (December 20, 2010). Available at SSRN: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfmabstract_id=1468062 Layne-Farrar, Anne and Lerner, Josh. “To Join or Not to Join: Examining Patent Pool Participation and Rent Sharing Rules” (January 7, 2008). Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=945189 Lerner, Josh, Marcin Strojwas and Jean Tirole. “The Design of Patent Pools: The Determinants of Licensing Rules.” RAND Journal of Economics, 2007, 38(3), pp. 610-625. Lerner, Josh. “Patenting in the Shadow of Competitors.” Journal of Law & Economics, 1995, 38(2), pp. 463-95. Lerner, Josh, and Jean Tirole. “Efficient Patent Pools.” American Economic Review, 2004, 94(3), 691-711. Merges, Robert. “Institutions for Intellectual Property Transactions: The Case of Patent Pools.” University of California at Berkeley Working Paper, 1999. Moser, Petra. “Innovation without Patents.” Forthcoming, Journal of Law & Economics. Moser, Petra, and Alessandra Voena. “Compulsory Licensing: Evidence from the Trading-with-the-Enemy Act.” Forthcoming, American Economic Review. Popp, David, Ted Juhl and Daniel Johnson. “Time in Purgatory: Examining the Grant Lag for U.S. Patent Applications." Topics in Economic Analysis & Policy, 2004, 4(1), Article 29. Shapiro, Carl. “Navigating the Patent Thicket: Cross Licenses, Patent Pools, and Standard Setting.” In Jaffe, Adam, Lerner, Josh, & Stern, Scott (Eds.), Innovation Policy and the Economy, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2001. Vaughan, Floyd. The United States patent system: legal and economic conflicts in American patent history. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 1956. 25
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Page 1 and 2: DO PATENT POOLS ENCOURAGE INNOVATIO
Page 3 and 4: optimal price for the complete prod
Page 5 and 6: States in 1938. The Supreme Court a
Page 7 and 8: creation of a pool for each pool pa
Page 9 and 10: while grant-backs and the presence
Page 11 and 12: Of the 20 pools that formed between
Page 13 and 14: patents per year before and after t
Page 15 and 16: not include any patents that were i
Page 17 and 18: D. Controlling for the age of the p
Page 19 and 20: A related test explores whether the
Page 21 and 22: a mean of 1.93 cited patents per su
Page 23 and 24: V. ARCHIVAL EVIDENCE ON ANTI-COMPET
Page 25: Bessen, James. “Patent Thickets:
Page 29 and 30: Technology High Tension Cables Wate
Page 31 and 32: TABLE 4: OLS - DEPENDENT VARIABLE I
Page 33 and 34: TABLE 6: OLS RESTRICTING THE SAMPLE
Page 35 and 36: TABLE 8: FIXED-EFFECTS POISSON - DE
Page 37 and 38: TABLE 10: VARIATION IN LICENSING OL
Page 39 and 40: TABLE 12: GEOGRAPHIC SCOPE OLS- DEP
Page 41 and 42: Electric Generators Price-fixing; D
Page 43 and 44: 4 FIGURE 3 - AVERAGE PATENTS BY SUB
Page 45 and 46: FIGURE 7 - POOL SUBCLASS AND POOL M
Page 47: 90 Pool Start Year 10 9 Pool Start

DO PATENT POOLS ENCOURAGE INNOVATION? EVIDENCE ...

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