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Chapter 2. A Quick Tour with the Xen LiveCD If you are interested in trying Xen out for yourself, the quickest method is often the LiveCD provided by the Citrix XenServer your computer without installing Xen or even changing your current system configuration. This chapter walks you through us you get a taste of starting and managing guest images and other basic Xen commands. Running the LiveCD The Xen LiveCD runs entirely within your machine's main memory (RAM) and does not require any installation to a physical compatibility and to familiarize yourself with some of the basic Xen administration commands before committing to a full ins The results in this chapter were obtained on an IBM ThinkPad laptop. Specifically we used a T60p model equipped with an In Listing 2.1 gives the details of the test system. You might not be able to successfully use the LiveCD yourself because it doe Additionally, the LiveCD has been shown to work with VMware. Listing 2.1. Details of the Test System Code View: localhost:/ # cat /proc/cpuinfo processor : 0 vendor_id : GenuineIntel cpu family : 6 model : 14 model name : Genuine Intel(R) CPU T2600 @ 2.16GHz stepping : 8 cpu MHz : 2161.338 cache size : 2048 KB fdiv_bug : no hlt_bug : no f00f_bug : no coma_bug : no fpu : yes fpu_exception : yes cpuid level : 10 wp : yes flags : fpu tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic mtrr mca cmov pat clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe nx bogomips : 4323.93processor : 1 vendor_id : GenuineIntel cpu family : 6 model : 14 model name : Genuine Intel(R) CPU T2600 @ 2.16GHz stepping : 8 cpu MHz : 2161.338 cache size : 2048 KB fdiv_bug : no hlt_bug : no f00f_bug : no coma_bug : no fpu : yes fpu_exception : yes cpuid level : 10 wp : yes flags : fpu tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic mtrr mca cmov pat clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe nx bogomips : 4323.93 localhost:/ #
Page 1 and 2: Running Xen: A Hands-On Guide to th
Page 3 and 4: Working with Prebuilt Guest Images
Page 5 and 6: Copyright Many of the designations
Page 7 and 8: Dedication This book is dedicated t
Page 9 and 10: Preface We began using Xen in the f
Page 11 and 12: Acknowledgments We are indebted to
Page 13 and 14: About the Authors Jeanna Matthews i
Page 15 and 16: Chapter 1. Xen—Background and Vir
Page 17 and 18: oot or administrative access, make
Page 19 and 20: Virtual machine monitors also provi
Page 21 and 22: Types of Virtualization Many techni
Page 23 and 24: For x86, virtualization systems are
Page 25 and 26: A fourth technique is operating sys
Page 27 and 28: Type Description the same Advantage
Page 29 and 30: Virtualization Heritage Virtualizat
Page 31 and 32: During late 2004, Xen 2.0 came on t
Page 33 and 34: VMware— Founded in 1998, was the
Page 35 and 36: elevant results for a single VPS. O
Page 37 and 38: Summary In this chapter we introduc
Page 39: Chapter 2. A Quick Tour with the Xe
Page 44 and 45: Step 2: Choosing a Domain0 Image fr
Page 46 and 47: Figure 2.3. The desktop automatical
Page 48 and 49: Step 4: Creating Guests You can fol
Page 50 and 51: INIT: Entering runlevel: 3 Starting
Page 52 and 53: Step 5: Deleting a Guest If you cre
Page 54 and 55: Figure 2.7. VNC session showing the
Page 56 and 57: Figure 2.9. All three of our virtua
Page 58 and 59: Step 7: Testing Your Networking Net
Page 60 and 61: Note the IP address (prefixed with
Page 62 and 63: Summary Now that you have experimen
Page 64 and 65: Chapter 3. The Xen Hypervisor The X
Page 66 and 67: Chapter 3. The Xen Hypervisor The X
Page 68 and 69: A Privileged Position The hyperviso
Page 70 and 71: Domain0 The hypervisor is not alone
Page 72 and 73: Xen Boot Options The Xen hypervisor
Page 74 and 75: Option Category Description Default
Page 76 and 77: the scheduling policy easy. A numbe
Page 78 and 79: Choosing an OS for Domain0 With har
Page 80 and 81: [root@dom0]#xend status xend Logs x
Page 82: Filename Often vif-bridge vif-route
Page 85 and 86: Entry uuid ssidref on_reboot on_pow
Page 87 and 88: Entry target Description Target mem
Page 89 and 90: Summary In this chapter, we discuss
Page 91 and 92:
Chapter 4. Hardware Requirements an
Page 93 and 94:
Chapter 4. Hardware Requirements an
Page 95 and 96:
Hardware Device Support and Recomme
Page 97 and 98:
Memory Requirements Keep in mind th
Page 99 and 100:
Choosing and Obtaining a Version of
Page 101 and 102:
Commercial Support Solutions Citrix
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[View full size im Linux Distributi
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[View full size im The OpenSUSE boo
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Figure 4.6. Selecting all the packa
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--> Processing Dependency: xen-libs
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After you have rebooted the system,
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correct kernel and that you have a
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title Xen 3.0 (Dom0 Based on Linux
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After this file is configured and s
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[View full size im Finally, we use
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One exceptionally interesting featu
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Type Advantages Disadvantages Gento
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Note that you might be prompted wit
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References and Further Reading Xen
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Xen-compatible kernel (for paravirt
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Xen DomU guest images can also be i
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Chapter 5. Using Prebuilt Guest Ima
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entire physical disk such as hda or
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oot = '/dev/nfs' nfs_server = '2.3.
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Technically, it would be possible t
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Next, before we can download and pl
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configuration file is set up correc
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[root@dom0]# cp -r /lib/modules/`un
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The first step is to mount the preb
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Once unmounted, we are ready to boo
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We then type in a value for Free Sp
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fdisk We now use fdisk , a partitio
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We now have three partitions: /dev/
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In the fstab , we need to pay parti
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which were instances of the Openfil
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Summary In this chapter we looked a
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"Xen source browser: lomount." Xen.
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Code View: [root@dom0]# xm ERROR:
Page 167 and 168:
Chapter 6. Managing Unprivileged Do
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Listing 6.6. Using xm help [root@do
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the memory variable, if not set oth
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[root@dom0]# xm list --long (domain
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In this section, we walk through so
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Guest Configuration Files In the pr
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Code View: [user@domU]$ cat /proc/c
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Diagnosing Problems with Guest Crea
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Listing 6.26. Incorrect Syntax of P
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[root@dom0]# xm create generic-gues
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Listing 6.39. Fixing /bin/sh to Lin
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Automatically Starting DomUs After
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Shutting Down Guest Domains After y
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The shutdown command returned in ab
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[root@dom0]# xm reboot generic-gues
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Pausing Domains In addition to comp
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Interacting with a Guest Nongraphic
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SSH offers an attractive option to
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In the previous section entitled "S
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Virtual Network Computing (VNC) use
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Virtual Frame Buffer and Integrated
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Freenx Freenx is similar to VNC but
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Summary This chapter covered the ba
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Chapter 7. Populating Guest Images
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the physical CD-ROM. Next, we selec
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vcpus=1 # HVM guest PAE support (de
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What would you like to use for the
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HVM population is in many ways the
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Figure 7.6. Clicking the Add button
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The Create a Virtual Machine window
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After clicking Connect, assuming th
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Figure 7.12. The Naming Your Virtua
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The Fedora and CentOS installation
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At this point, the operating system
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Listing 7.10. The xm create Command
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for tools, such as rpmstrap, rinse,
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[output omitted] [root@dom0]# mkdir
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[perl-cleaner output omitted] [root
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DOMI_DISK_SPARSE="yes" DOMI_XEN_CON
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### fedora-example: save yum cache
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We use the Debian Sarge Guest Templ
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After the installation has finished
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At the end of the boot process, a o
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You now have a functional Debian Sa
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Compile flags and options can be co
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Note The location of the hvmloader
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Listing 7.7 contains a sample guest
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# start in full screen (default=0 n
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Figure 7.4. Windows XP is running a
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Gentoo Linux. quickpkg is the packa
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Figure 7.7. The Create a Virtual Ma
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For all installation types, be sure
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To create a new guest, click the Ne
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You can choose from a Normal (physi
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After you click Finish, a Creating
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Note The details of a Fedora instal
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[root@dom0]# mkfs.ext3 -F /xen/imag
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For Gentoo, we cover two options. T
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Now comes an important part of usin
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[Bootup process output omitted] log
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###fedora-example: setup disk ###(s
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Clicking on the Install XenVM butto
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When you are happy with your settin
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After the guest starts automaticall
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You now can click on the Graphical
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Note The default window manager ins
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Guest Image Customization When maki
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proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 /dev/h
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to be used as a Xen guest. For read
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Summary This chapter showed various
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Timme, Falko. "The Perfect Xen 3.1.
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Using an LVM to store your Xen gues
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[root@dom0#] mkfs.ext3 /dev/xen_vg/
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Code View: [root@dom0]# umount /dev
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[root@dom0]# modprobe dm-snapshot [
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Using an LVM to store your Xen gues
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[root@dom0#] mkfs.ext3 /dev/xen_vg/
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Code View: [root@dom0]# umount /dev
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[root@dom0]# modprobe dm-snapshot [
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Alacritech and Qlogic). Server Setu
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Listing 8.20. iscsiadm Commands to
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[root@dom0]# vblade 1 1 eth0 /dev/s
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NFS Distributed file systems, such
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kernel = "/boot/vmlinuz-2.6.16-xen"
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[root@linux]# tar -czpf /linux-root
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Now, let's add the seek option to t
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oot@dom0# losetup -f /dev/loop1 roo
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[root@dom0]# modprobe dm-multipath
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[user@dom0]$ mkfs.ext3 -F guest_par
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with the loop option. Notice that i
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References and Further Reading "Acc
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Chapter 9. Device Virtualization an
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Chapter 9. Device Virtualization an
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Backends and Frontends The basic ar
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sector-size— Sector or block size
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event-channel— Event channel used
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To use this method of hiding the de
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If you have any trouble with this p
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contain only the operating system,
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Future Directions In this section,
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References and Further Reading Fras
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Chapter 10. Network Configuration C
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4. For each guest, determine the nu
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Bridging, Routing, and Network Addr
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In routing mode, the packets from g
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In Domain0, backend vif0.0 is calle
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The network scripts define and set
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Note Xen users definitely want to h
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(network-script network-bridge) (vi
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inet6 addr: fe80::fcff:ffff:feff:ff
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Code View: [user@DomU]# ifconfig -a
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[View full size image] Figure 10.7.
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network segment. The backend vifs o
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complicated than the bridging mode.
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vif0.0 vif0.1 vif0.2 vif0.3 vif1.0
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Code View: [user@Dom0]# route -n Ke
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Using one domain to serve a particu
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Listing 10.20. The Driver Domain NA
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Testing Results Testing whether Xen
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We can tell from the trace on the g
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Configuring Purely Virtual Network
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In OpenSUSE, set the value of SETUP
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1. Set up the virtual bridge by usi
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Assigning MAC Addresses to Virtual
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Assigning IP Addresses Unlike MAC a
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The backend vif and the frontend vi
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In the Xend configuration file, put
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Information Items Idx BE MAC Addr.
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vnet—Domain Virtual Network VPN (
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Suboption Arguments Description Non
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References and Further Reading "An
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Chapter 11. Securing a Xen System W
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Chapter 11. Securing a Xen System W
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Securing the Privileged Domain If t
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Listing 11.3. Netstat List of Activ
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Firewall and Network Monitors Xen's
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Listing 11.5. Adding iptable Rules
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they are required. To allow Xen rel
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Var 'lo_ADDRESS' defined, value len
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Mandatory Access Control with sHype
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All organizations are automatically
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SystemManagement CompetitorA C
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Listing 11.24. Domain Denied withou
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DomU Security After considering att
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Summary In this chapter, we saw how
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Chapter 12. Managing Guest Resource
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total_memory — The total amount o
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(XEN) 000000000009d400 - 0000000000
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xentop displays a dynamic, changing
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Listing 12.8. An Example of xm upti
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The first four attributes displayed
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[root@dom0]# The error received whe
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ERROR messages are printed when som
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14— Number of network devices own
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Allocating Guest Memory Memory is o
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From the user's perspective, intera
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[root@dom0]# xm list Name ID Mem(Mi
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[root@dom0]# xm mem-max generic-gue
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Figure 12.3. Logical CPU numbering
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[root@dom0]#xm vcpu-set generic-gue
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settings for each guest, if a guest
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Choosing a Guest IO Scheduler There
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the sort of operations you will be
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References and Further Reading Arch
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Chapter 13. Guest Save, Restore, an
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xm save Saving a guest VM's state f
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xm restore Restoring a guest domain
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[root@dom0]# xm restore TestGuest.c
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its destination host after its stat
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the act of seamlessly moving its ex
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contents of memory and consistently
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trusted network. It is important to
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cause undesirable effects such as i
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Experience with xm migrate Xen's in
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TestGuest, residing on Domain0_Host
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[root@Other_Workstation ~]# ping Te
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Summary In this chapter, we explore
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Chapter 14. An Overview of Xen Ente
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Chapter 14. An Overview of Xen Ente
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Citrix XenServer Enterprise, Standa
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Virtual Iron Virtual Iron is anothe
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IBM Virtualization Manager An alter
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Figure 14.4 and Figure 14.5 illustr
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virt-manager Another popular tool f
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[root@dom0]# gunzip -c virt-manager
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available to this XenMan instance.
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XenMan allows you all the same opti
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Managing Multiple Systems Individua
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References and Further Reading "Cit
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Appendix A. Resources Xen is still
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XenWiki.
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Xen Summits If you are interested i
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Figure A.7. If you just want to rea
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Distribution-Specific Resources Dep
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Subcommand Options Description xm d
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Subcommand Options Description xm m
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Subcommand Options Description xm i
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Parameters Default Value Descriptio
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Parameter Format cpus="integer, ...
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The only significant difference in
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Figure E.3 reports our results for
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Figure E.6. The performance results
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Appendix E. Xen Performance Evaluat
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[View full size image] Finally, we
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Figure E.5. The same results on the
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In Figure E.8, we add measurements
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In these experiments, their perform
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Experiment Pinging Domain Pinged Do
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Summary In this appendix, we collec
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Index [A] [B] [C] [D] [E] [F] [G] [
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Index [A] [B] [C] [D] [E] [F] [G] [
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Index [A] [B] [C] [D] [E] [F] [G] [
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logfile option loglevel option netw
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Index [A] [B] [C] [D] [E] [F] [G] [
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definition GRUB (Grand Unified Boot
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Index [A] [B] [C] [D] [E] [F] [G] [
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Index [A] [B] [C] [D] [E] [F] [G] [
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Index [A] [B] [C] [D] [E] [F] [G] [
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xm console command number of operat
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oot process [See boot process.] cap
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IOMMU (I/O Memory Management Unit)
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Index [A] [B] [C] [D] [E] [F] [G] [
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system image contents TCP (Transmis
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Index [A] [B] [C] [D] [E] [F] [G] [
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Index [A] [B] [C] [D] [E] [F] [G] [
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configuration example guest NFS par
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Index [A] [B] [C] [D] [E] [F] [G] [
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external Xen compatible kernels mou
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Index [A] [B] [C] [D] [E] [F] [G] [
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Xen Summit meetings XenWiki resourc
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overview privileges, listing inform
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SXP format Symposium on Operating S
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Index [A] [B] [C] [D] [E] [F] [G] [
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virtual block devices (VBDs) virtua
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vnet-list option xm command xm vnet
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Index [A] [B] [C] [D] [E] [F] [G] [
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XenServer Express Edition XenSource
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Index [A] [B] [C] [D] [E] [F] [G] [
show all

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