Download Unit 1 Student Text Sample Material - McGraw-Hill Ryerson

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$Math and Chemistry - McGraw-Hill Ryerson$

UNIT 1 OVERVIEW Tanks were used in battle for the first time during World War I. Tank technology sparked the development of other tracked vehicles, such as bulldozers and snowmobiles. World War I and Beyond 1914–1921 Ypres, the Somme, and Vimy Ridge were just three of the battles in which Canadian soldiers fought during World War I. By the time the war ended in 1918, more than 66 000 Canadians had been killed. THE BIG PICTURE In 1914, Canada was very different from now. More than 95 per cent of the country’s 7 900 000 people were of European background — and more than 50 per cent of these Europeans traced their roots to Britain. Less than half the population had the right to vote, and most Canadians lived in rural areas. Horse-drawn vehicles outnumbered cars, and Montreal, not Toronto, was the country’s largest city. Although Canada had begun to govern itself in 1867, ties to Britain remained strong. Canada was a part of the British Empire, and Britain still controlled the country’s foreign policy. This meant that when Britain declared war on Germany in August 1914, Canada was automatically at war, too. But this would be the last time Canada followed Britain unquestioningly into war. Many Canadians believed that Canada should become more independent. The events of World War I strengthened this belief, and this terrible war became a turning point in the country’s history as a nation. The war also sparked many other changes that moved Canadian society in new directions. • Immigrants on Komagata Maru refused entry to Canada • World War I begins • Many “enemy aliens” are interned Battle of the Somme 1914 1915 1916 1917 2 MHR • Second Battle of Ypres • Munitions scandal reveals profiteering • Battle of Vimy Ridge • Federal government introduces conscription • Some women win federal voting rights
In this unit, you will read about changes that took place between 1914 and 1921 and how they affected Canada and Canadians. These changes included a deepening split between French- and Englishspeaking Canadians greater independence from Britain scientific and technological advances that altered people’s lives voting rights for women efforts by workers to improve their working conditions efforts by immigrants and minority groups to win fairer treatment a continuing shift in where Canadians lived Nellie McClung played a leading role in women’s fight to win the vote and in the campaign for women’s rights. Wearing their army uniforms, these young Aboriginal men are posing with elders — social and spiritual leaders — before heading overseas to war. Like members of many groups, they responded to the government’s calls to contribute to the war effort — even though they suffered discrimination in Canada. Before World War I, immigration was high. During the war, it slowed to a trickle. Immigration remained low after the war, as Canadians tried to deal with the challenges of recovering from the war. • World War I ends • More women win federal voting rights • Spanish flu kills about 50 000 Canadians Women win the same federal voting rights as men 1918 1920 1919 1921 • Canada signs Treaty of Versailles independently of Britain • Workers clash with police during Winnipeg General Strike • First radio broadcasts begin in Canada Post-war recession begins • Post-war recession deepens • Progressive Party becomes Canada’s first successful third party MHR 3
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