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WJEC GCSE Additional Science Teacher’s Notes 6. Sketch distance−time graphs for the following: a An object moving 20 m in 4 s, then stationary for 3 s, then moving back to the start in 8 s. 25 20 distance (m) 15 10 5 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 time (s) b An object stationary for 2 s then moving at a constant velocity of 5 m/s for 10 s, then stationary for another 2 s. 60 50 distance (m) 40 30 20 10 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 time (s) c An object moving 10 m in 5 s, then moving in the same direction at a constant velocity of 4 m/s for 3 s, then moving back to the start in 4 s. 25 20 distance (m) 15 10 5 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 time (s) 59
WJEC GCSE Additional Science Teacher’s Notes PRACTICAL Measuring, plotting and analysing real distance–time graphs (pages 171–72) A student will need to be primed to bring in a bicycle (with helmet) before-hand. This practical task requires quite a lot of organisation – a schematic diagram of who is doing what and standing where will help considerably – go through this in the laboratory before going outside. A suitable data recording sheet could look like: Motion Walking Running Cycling Time to reach 5 m cone (s) Time to reach 10 m cone (s) Time to reach 15 m cone (s) Time to reach 20 m cone (s) Time to reach 25 m cone (s) Time to reach 30 m cone (s) 1 2 3 Av 1 2 3 Av 1 2 3 Av 1 2 3 Av 1 2 3 Av 1 2 3 Av Answers to the ‘Analysing your results’ questions will depend on the results gathered. _ Velocity–time graphs (pages 172–74)____________ Question 7. Describe the motion of the objects illustrated by the velocity–time graphs in Figure 15.8. For each graph calculate any accelerations/decelerations and (HT only) the total distance travelled. a (Top left) Object stationary for 2 s then accelerating at 3 m/s 2 for 2 s, reaching maximum velocity of 6 m/s, then travelling at constant 6 m/s in same direction for 6 s b (Middle left) Object accelerating at 3 m/s 2 for 3 s, reaching velocity of 9 m/s, then travelling at a constant 9 m/s in the same direction for 4 s before decelerating (in the same direction) at 3 m/s 2 (or accelerating at –3m/s 2 ) for 3 s before coming to rest at t = 10 s c (Bottom left) Object accelerating at 4 m/s 2 for 2 s, reaching velocity of 8 m/s, then decelerating (in the same direction) at 2 m/s 2 (or accelerating at –2m/s 2 ) for 4 s before accelerating again at 3m/s 2 in the same direction for 3 s reaching a velocity of 9 m/s before decelerating (in the same direction) at 9 m/s 2 before coming to rest at t = 10 s d (Top right) Object initially travelling at 9 m/s, decelerating at 3 m/s 2 for 3 s, coming to rest at t = 3 s, then accelerating (in the same direction) at 2 m/s 2 for 4 s reaching a velocity of 8 m/s and then travelling at this constant velocity for 3 s e (Top right) Object travelling at a constant velocity of 6 m/s for 3 s then accelerating at 2 m/s 2 for 1 s, reaching velocity of 8 m/s and staying at this constant velocity of 8 m/s for 1 s before decelerating (in the same direction) at 2 m/s 2 (or accelerating at –2m/s 2 ) for 4 s before coming to rest at t = 9 s 60
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