The achievement of Australia's Indigenous students in PISA ... - ACER
The achievement of Australia's Indigenous students in PISA ... - ACER
The achievement of Australia's Indigenous students in PISA ... - ACER
You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles
YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.
Reader’s Guide<br />
How to read the mean and distribution graphs<br />
Each country’s or student group’s results are represented <strong>in</strong> horizontal bars with various colours.<br />
On the left end <strong>of</strong> the bar is the 5th percentile – this is the score below which 5 per cent <strong>of</strong> the<br />
<strong>students</strong> have scored. <strong>The</strong> next two l<strong>in</strong>es <strong>in</strong>dicate the 10th percentile and the 25th percentile.<br />
<strong>The</strong> next l<strong>in</strong>e at the left <strong>of</strong> the white band is the lower limit <strong>of</strong> the confidence <strong>in</strong>terval for the<br />
mean – i.e. we are confident that the mean will lie <strong>in</strong> this white band. <strong>The</strong> l<strong>in</strong>e <strong>in</strong> the centre <strong>of</strong> the<br />
white band is the mean. <strong>The</strong> l<strong>in</strong>es to the right <strong>of</strong> the white band <strong>in</strong>dicate the 75th, 90th and 95th<br />
percentile.<br />
10th<br />
percentile<br />
Confidence<br />
<strong>in</strong>terval<br />
90th<br />
percentile<br />
5th<br />
percentile<br />
25th<br />
percentile<br />
Mean<br />
75th<br />
percentile<br />
95th<br />
percentile<br />
Def<strong>in</strong>itions <strong>of</strong> background characteristics<br />
A number <strong>of</strong> different background characteristics are referred to <strong>in</strong> this report. <strong>The</strong> def<strong>in</strong>itions <strong>of</strong><br />
some <strong>of</strong> these are particular to the Australian context, while others are standard across different<br />
countries or with<strong>in</strong> an <strong>in</strong>ternational context. This section provides an explanation for those that are<br />
not self-evident.<br />
<strong>Indigenous</strong> status:<br />
Socioeconomic<br />
background:<br />
<strong>Indigenous</strong> status is based on <strong>students</strong>’ self-identification as be<strong>in</strong>g <strong>of</strong><br />
Australian Aborig<strong>in</strong>al or Torres Strait Islander descent. For the purposes<br />
<strong>of</strong> this report, data for the two groups are presented together with the<br />
descriptor, <strong>Indigenous</strong> Australian <strong>students</strong>.<br />
Two measures are used by the OECD to represent elements <strong>of</strong><br />
socioeconomic background. One is the highest level <strong>of</strong> the father’s and<br />
mother’s occupation (known as HISEI), which is coded <strong>in</strong> accordance<br />
with the International Standard Classification <strong>of</strong> Occupations. <strong>The</strong> other<br />
measure is the <strong>in</strong>dex <strong>of</strong> economic, social and cultural status (ESCS),<br />
which was created to capture the wider aspects <strong>of</strong> a student’s family and<br />
home background. <strong>The</strong> ESCS <strong>in</strong>dex is based on <strong>students</strong>’ reports <strong>of</strong> their<br />
parents’ occupations; the highest level <strong>of</strong> education <strong>of</strong> the father and<br />
mother converted <strong>in</strong>to years <strong>of</strong> school<strong>in</strong>g; the number <strong>of</strong> books <strong>in</strong> the<br />
home; and access to home educational and cultural resources.<br />
<strong>The</strong> <strong>achievement</strong> <strong>of</strong> Australia’s <strong>Indigenous</strong> <strong>students</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>PISA</strong> 2000 – 2006<br />
v