JAMES 2:24 - Chafer Theological Seminary

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James 2:<strong>24</strong>: Retranslation Required 3 clearly convey that the word has an adverbial sense here. Unfortunately, the English and German treat it as an adjective. Greek Monon and Latin Tantus Each form in the following paradigm has adjectival uses. Only the neuter-accusative-singular can be an adverb. Two purelyadjectival parsings (the masculine-accusative-singular and the neuter-nominative-singular) share this form. If the sentence lacks a substantive that can agree with monon, it is adverbial. If it contains such a substantive, juxtaposing monon and the substantive makes it adjectival. Paradigm for the Greek Adjective Masculine Feminine Neuter Sing. Plu. Sing. Plu. Sing. Plu. Nom. monos monoi monh monai monon mona Gen. monou monwn monhs monwn monou monwn Dat. monw monois monh monais monw monois Acc. monon monous monhn monas monon mona Latin resembles Greek here. The accusative-neuter-singular, tantum, can be adjectival or adverbial. Paradigm for Adjectives in Latin Masculine Feminine Neuter Sing. Plu. Sing. Plu. Sing. Plu. Nom. tantus tantī tanta tantae tantum tanta Gen. tantī tantōrum tantae tantārum tantī tantōrum Dat. tantō tantīs tantae tantīs tantō tantīs Acc. tantum tantōs tantam tantās tantum tanta Voc. tante tantī tanta tantae tantum tanta Abl. tantō tantīs tantā tantīs tantō tantīs
4 CTS Journal 7 (April–June 2001) The German Allein and the English Only The German allein and the English only serve adjectivally for any case, gender, and number. They can also be adverbial. Word order differentiates adjectival and adverbial uses. Illustrating Greek and Latin Consider the following simple sentence, “Esqiw arton” (I eat fruit) or “Esqiw artous” (I eat fruits). The translation alone is adjectival, but only is adverbial. The potential for ambiguity is less than with either English or German (see below). Only the fifth sentence is ambiguous. Word order is only important in the two sentences with asterisks. 1. Monos esqiw karpon (I alone eat fruit) 2 2. Esqiw monos karpon (I alone eat fruit) 3. Esqiw karpon monos (I alone eat fruit) 4. Monon esqiw karpon (I only eat fruit)* 5. Esqiw monon karpon (I alone eat fruit, or I only eat fruit) 6. Esqiw karpon monon (I eat fruit alone)* 7. Monon esqiw karpous (I alone eat fruits) 8. Esqiw monon karpous (I alone eat fruits) 9. Esqiw karpous monon (I alone eat fruits) Illustrating English and German Only appears in different positions within a simple sentence (following). When paraphrased as alone it is an adjective, but solely signifies that it is adverbial. Two of four examples are ambiguous (more often than in Latin or Greek). Only I eat bread (I alone eat bread) I only eat bread (I alone eat bread; I solely eat bread) I eat only bread (I alone eat bread; I solely eat bread) I eat bread only (I solely eat bread) 2 The implied subject is nominative-singular egw (“I”), so monos (masculinenominative-singular) agrees with the subject.
Page 1: JAMES 2:24: RETRANSLATION REQUIRED
Page 5 and 6: 6 CTS Journal 7 (April-June 2001) W
Page 7 and 8: 8 CTS Journal 7 (April-June 2001) B
Page 9 and 10: 10 CTS Journal 7 (April-June 2001)

JAMES 2:24 - Chafer Theological Seminary

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