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Volume III politicians have and continue to play with respect to ethnic tension, land, militias, and other violence. Finally, the intervention of the state to combat the militia groups and to protect the local population resulting in further violations. While much of this volume is devoted to understanding the wide variety of historical injustices committed during the mandate period, we combined here a discussion of ethnicity and ethnic tension with national unity and reconciliation as, at the end of the day, they both involve a focus on the individual, the family and the community. It is, in short, a focus on the people of Kenya. And it is the people of Kenya, who have both committed and suffered these violations, who ultimately are the key to national unity and reconciliation. National unity and reconciliation are properly understood as both a goal and a process. They are ideal states to which we as a nation must strive, and they require constant effort and attention. The same may be said of healing. An individual is never completely healed from a tragedy. If our expectation is complete healing, as though the tragedy had not occurred, then we are setting ourselves up for failure. Similarly, if we set national unity and reconciliation among all peoples as our benchmark of success, then we will never succeed. But if we set our benchmark as working towards and increasing national unity and reconciliation, just as we work to heal an individual who has suffered a tragedy, then we can set clear interim goals, plans, and other strategies by which we can then measure progress. Efforts at national unity and reconciliation began before the Commission started its work, and will continue after this Report is issued. National unity and reconciliation were furthered by the National Accord that brought an immediate end to the violence arising from the 2007 election. But one can go back to the founding of the nation, in 1963, to find the first efforts to create a nation of people who view themselves first as Kenyan. It is a process that even after half a century is still incomplete. The Commission was under no illusion that it could achieve something that had not yet been achieved after fifty years of nationhood. We hope, however, that we are able to provide a more accurate and current picture of the state of national unity and reconciliation in Kenya today; that the efforts we undertook to further reconciliation in many communities across the nation will bear fruit as those communities continue to work through the legacy of historical injustices; and that the structures that are already in place to further reconciliation will gain strength, and perhaps hope, from the work we have done in furthering national unity and reconciliation. iv REPORT OF THE TRUTH, JUSTICE AND RECONCILIATION COMMISSION
Volume III List of Abbreviations AFC Agricultural Finance Corporation KHRC Kenya Human Rights Commission AMPs Adversely Mentioned Persons MoSSP Ministry of State for Special Programmes CBO Community Based Organization NARC National Rainbow Coalition CID CIPEV DC DSIC DO GCG GSU IDPs KADU KANU KAU KPU KCPE Criminal Investigations Department Commission of Inquiry into the Post Election Violence District Commissioner District Security Intelligence Committee District Officer Grand Coalition Government General Service Unit Internally Displaced Persons Kenya African Democratic Union Kenya African National Union Kenya African Union Kenya Peoples Union Kenya Certificate of Primary School NCIC OCHA OCS ODM ORN PC PEV PNU RBC SLDF TJRC UNDP National Cohesion and Integration Commission United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs Officer Commanding Station Orange Democratic Movement Operation Rudi Nyumbani Provincial Commissioner Post-Election Violence Party of National Unity Regional Boundaries Commission Sabaot Land Defence Force Truth, Justice and Reconciliation Commission United Nations Development Programme KNCHR Kenya National Commission on Human Rights REPORT OF THE TRUTH, JUSTICE AND RECONCILIATION COMMISSION v
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