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Volume III
Chapter ONE
Table 2: Ethnic Distribution of permanent Secretaries, 1966 to 2005
1966 1970 1978 1979 1982 1985 1988 1994 2008 2001 2003 2004 2005
Kikuyu 30.4 37.5 23.8 29.6 30.0 28.0 21.9 10.7 10.7 8.7 22.0 17.2 18.7
Luhya 13.0 8.0 4.8 11.1 13.3 12.0 6.3 14.3 10.7 13.0 7.0 6.8 9.3
Luo 13.0 12.5 9.5 3.7 6.7 8.0 12.5 3.6 7.1 8.7 15.0 10.3 9.3
Kamba 17.4 8.3 14.3 7.4 10.0 12.0 12.5 21.4 3.6 4.3 15.0 10.3 12.3
Kalenjin 4.3 8.3 4.8 11.1 10.0 20.0 21.9 25.0 28.6 34.8 15.0 10.3 6.2
Maasai,
Turkana,
Samburu 3.4
Kisii 4.3 8.3 0.0 7.4 3.3 4.0 3.1 3.6 7.1 4.3 4.0 6.8 9.3
Meru 4.3 8.3 14.3 11.1 10.0 8.0 3.1 3.6 7.1 8.7 15.0 17.2 6.2
Borana &
Rendille
6.2
4.0 6.8 9.3
Miji Kenda 8.7 4.2 9.5 3.7 6.7 4.0 6.3 10.7 14.3 13.0 4.0 6.8 12.5
Taita
Pokomo
Bajun
Embu
Arab/Swahili
European
Asian
Others 4.3 4.2 19.0 14.8 10.0 4.0 12.5 7.1 10.7 4.0 3.4
Total PS 23 24 21 27 30 25 32 28 28 23 27 29 32
Source: Kanyinga (2006)
83. A survey conducted by the NCIC found that 50 percent of Kenya’s ethnic groups
are only marginally represented in the civil service. The study also found that five
communities – Kikuyu, Kalenjin, Luhya, Kamba and Luo occupy nearly 70 percent
of civil service employment. Other findings of the study include that the Kikuyu
constitute the largest single dominant ethnic group in all ministries and departments,
except in the Prisons Department, the Office of the Prime Minister and the Kenya
Police and that the Kalenjin are the second largest group in the civil service. 81
84. Another study by NCIC which focused on the ethnic diversity of public universities in
Kenya found that these institutions are heavily ethnicised. According to the study: 82
81 National Cohesion and Integration Commission ‘towards national cohesion and unity in Kenya: Ethnic diversity and audit of the Civil
Service’ (Volume 1, 2012) 5-7.
82 National Cohesion and Integration Commission Briefs on ethnic diversity of public universities in Kenya (2012).
REPORT OF THE TRUTH, JUSTICE AND RECONCILIATION COMMISSION
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