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A <strong>special</strong> Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> <strong>Horizons</strong> <strong>supplement</strong><br />

Technology and Innovation in Shipping<br />

February 2012<br />

What is the<br />

future f<br />

shipping<br />

Special reports on:<br />

Future fuels<br />

Future engines<br />

Future designs<br />

Future technology


Introduction<br />

The shipping world<br />

is fast becoming a<br />

more complex place<br />

By Tom Boardley, Marine Director, Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong><br />

Contents<br />

Managing Editor:<br />

Nicholas Brown<br />

Marine Communications Manager<br />

Tim Kent, Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>’s<br />

Marine Technology Director<br />

Driving marine<br />

technology<br />

and innovation<br />

Available technology never stands still.<br />

Applying available technology to help<br />

affordably meet regulatory requirements<br />

and increase performance, while also<br />

increasing safety, is a challenge.<br />

Meeting such societal obligations through<br />

enabling the safe, sustainable and<br />

affordable application of technology in<br />

a structured manner is at the core of the<br />

classification society’s role.<br />

“What is actually possible”, is a key question<br />

that clients expect us to help them answer.<br />

What we’ve learned to do is provide the<br />

vital service to clients and their stakeholders<br />

in understanding the regulatory and technical<br />

issues, to help guide a process of bespoke<br />

engineering analysis to explore and realise<br />

client requirements, properly appraising designs<br />

and supporting construction and operations.<br />

The guidance and verification needed<br />

to help the industry is being provided by<br />

Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>’s 1,800 ship and design<br />

support surveyors worldwide.<br />

Emissions regulation and higher energy prices are the two<br />

leading factors changing our industry. New technologies and<br />

innovation will play a vital role in the immediate and long<br />

term future of shipping.<br />

100 years ago a Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> surveyor attended the sea trials of<br />

the first seagoing diesel powered merchant ship, the East Asiatic<br />

Company’s innovative Selandia. The propulsion technology on trial<br />

a century ago now dominates the industry and, for most merchant<br />

ships, in the last 50 years, there has been a clear orthodoxy in<br />

engine room arrangements and the type of fuel used. Nearly all<br />

ships now use marine heavy fuel oil in diesel engines.<br />

Today we stand on the brink of a new era.<br />

Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> has talked about this as a ‘new paradigm’. Any<br />

evolution will be gradual but already we can see changes happening.<br />

New fuels, new engines and new designs are becoming available.<br />

The difficulty for shipowners, builders, equipment makers and,<br />

don’t forget, financiers is not only what technology to support but<br />

when to invest. The future is further clouded by the weak market<br />

outlook and the hangover of the biggest boom in new ordering<br />

in history – the new ships still being built are, in the main, little<br />

different to the ships in demand a decade or more ago.<br />

Most new technology being brought into operation now has been<br />

developed for relatively small or niche markets such as ferries and<br />

inland waterways – sectors where exposure to new regulation is<br />

most concentrated and where local emissions and other factors are<br />

felt most keenly.<br />

More clarity needs to be brought to the differences between local<br />

air emission benefits and the greenhouse gas impacts of shipping.<br />

At present the real driver is local air emissions. The introduction<br />

of the Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) is the first global<br />

greenhouse gas regulation in any industry, setting mandated<br />

minimum requirements.<br />

In this brief <strong>supplement</strong> we use three key and inter-related technical<br />

themes - future fuels, engines and designs - to explore the current<br />

status of new developments. New fuels, engines and designs are all<br />

related – to greater and lesser degrees.<br />

At Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> what we constantly strive to provide is impartial<br />

technical guidance. And as well as guidance, verification is crucial.<br />

Many claims are being made about performance, about greenhouse<br />

gas emissions and about safety of new arrangements. Owners and<br />

operators need data and they need it verified – what you can’t<br />

measure, you can’t manage.<br />

We are here to help the industry manage the changes we face by<br />

providing the independent insight that is required.<br />

01 Introduction: Our more complex world<br />

02 Future fuels and fuel management<br />

06 Future engines<br />

08 Full on the gas in Bergen<br />

10 Future designs<br />

12 The technology revolution<br />

Coming Soon – Our next issue of<br />

Shipping and the Environment due out<br />

in March will look further into these<br />

issues, what operators and shipyards are<br />

doing as well as at specific regulatory<br />

compliance requirements and tools<br />

to help the industry in reducing<br />

environmental impact and capturing<br />

efficiency gains.<br />

01


<strong>Horizons</strong> <strong>supplement</strong> February 2012<br />

Future fuels and fuel management<br />

The world’s first new<br />

LNG-fuelled tanker has<br />

been delivered in<br />

Rotterdam and classed<br />

by Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>.<br />

Future fuels<br />

and fuel<br />

management<br />

Much has been heard and said about future fuels<br />

recently. With high energy prices and challenging<br />

emissions requirements, the industry is looking for<br />

alternatives or ways to manage their emissions –<br />

particularly in the new Emission Control Areas (ECAs).<br />

80/20<br />

Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> is well placed to<br />

provide support to operators in helping<br />

ensure that design and operational<br />

solutions are safe and efficient.<br />

Gas, abatement systems (scrubbers),<br />

biofuels, methanol, nuclear and fuel cells are<br />

all on the table – potentially. Some solutions<br />

are more developed than others and society<br />

has different perceptions of the risks and<br />

costs involved.<br />

LNG is certainly a fuel of the future and<br />

has been winning a great deal of attention<br />

on the back of its low SO x , NO x and<br />

particulate emissions – and is in use<br />

already in small applications.<br />

Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> – as the classification<br />

leader in LNG carrier market share – has<br />

significant expertise with LNG. We have<br />

been providing the industry with the deep<br />

technological understanding of the realities<br />

and risks involved with using LNG as fuel for<br />

merchant ships. Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> is classing<br />

the Viking Line Ferry project, the largest (by<br />

a long way) LNG as fuel application to date<br />

(see “The energy of a Viking” on page 11).<br />

Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>’s expertise in gas goes back<br />

a long way. Today Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> provides<br />

a broad understanding of the risks involved<br />

based on long and substantial experience.<br />

FOBAS – better fuel<br />

management supports<br />

performance<br />

Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>’s fuel analysis service,<br />

FOBAS, provides fuel quality analysis reports<br />

and advice to support fuel management.<br />

The FOBAS ENGINE service provides a clear<br />

indication of performance, lubrication and<br />

wear conditions in marine diesel engines.<br />

The FOBAS Fuel Change-over Plan provides<br />

step-by-step procedural guidance covering<br />

all aspects of change-over to low-sulpher<br />

fuel, data recording and documentation.<br />

The natural gas to diesel mix used in<br />

the LNG system on the Argonon<br />

02<br />

03


<strong>Horizons</strong> <strong>supplement</strong> February 2012<br />

Future fuels and fuel management<br />

Piet Mast, Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>’s<br />

Marine Business Manager for<br />

Western Europe<br />

Methanol a potential<br />

fuel requiring more<br />

attention<br />

One of the fuels Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> is looking<br />

at is methanol. Methanol is sulphur free,<br />

has a reduced impact on emissions,<br />

is currently 3 to 4 times cheaper than<br />

marine distillate fuel and has a beneficial<br />

likely EEDI result. It is non cryogenic and<br />

is readily produced for a wide range of<br />

chemical uses including for combustion.<br />

Production is currently nearly 50 million<br />

tonnes per annum. It has a great potential<br />

for high production and ease of using<br />

existing distribution infrastructures.<br />

Easily produced and safe to transport, it<br />

has the benefit of being able to be made<br />

from the widely available natural gas or<br />

from biogas which in turn could be made<br />

from second generation renewables.<br />

The world’s first<br />

new LNG-fuelled<br />

tanker is classed<br />

by Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong><br />

The arrival of Argonon (see photo on page 2),<br />

a 6,100 dwt dual-fuelled chemical tanker,<br />

is a significant milestone for the Deen<br />

Shipping subsidiary, Argonon Shipping, in<br />

its pursuit of cleaner transport solutions for<br />

Europe. Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> helped the owners<br />

and regulators identify their risks, meet<br />

regulatory requirements and overcome the<br />

technical challenges for the precedentsetting<br />

tanker.<br />

“This has been a great project and is a<br />

significant first,” said Piet Mast, Lloyd’s<br />

<strong>Register</strong>’s Marine Business Manager for<br />

Western Europe. “The nature of inland<br />

waterways traffic, which passes through<br />

or close to major population centres,<br />

makes LNG an attractive way to reduce<br />

harmful local emissions. We had to look<br />

carefully at the risks and worked closely<br />

with the owner and the regulators to<br />

ensure that they understood, and were<br />

comfortable with, the technical solutions<br />

that were developed.”<br />

The dual-fuel system is designed to burn<br />

an 80/20 mixture of natural gas and<br />

diesel, reducing SO x , NO x and particulatematter<br />

emissions, as well as reducing the<br />

greenhouse gas emissions from tank to<br />

flue. The LNG is stored in a transport tank<br />

located on deck, supplied by Cryonorm<br />

Projects, based near Amsterdam.<br />

“The inland shipping industry, as far as we<br />

know, is the safest and cleanest mode of<br />

transport. But, to keep this lead, we have<br />

to take a big step forward in environmental<br />

performance,” said shipowner Gerard<br />

Deen. “I think that the dual-fuel principle<br />

is a way to reduce the emissions in our<br />

sector. Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> was very pragmatic<br />

in their approach to finding solutions to<br />

convert seagoing regulations into inland<br />

shipping rules regarding dual fuel.”<br />

Built by Rotterdam’s Shipyard Trico BV,<br />

Argonon is 110 metres long and propelled<br />

by two, dual-fuel Caterpillar DF3512<br />

engines, each providing 1,115 kW. The<br />

ship has the capacity to transit from<br />

Rotterdam to Basel and back<br />

without bunkering.<br />

“We are currently providing technical<br />

and regulatory guidance for 20 confirmed<br />

or proposed inland waterway applications<br />

that intend to use LNG as fuel,” said<br />

Bas Joormann, Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>’s West<br />

European Area Inland Waterway<br />

Product Manager. “There is a lot of<br />

interest, and for good reason. Inland<br />

waterways, like ferries in emission-control<br />

areas, are very suitable for LNG. But the<br />

regulatory regime is different. We’re<br />

helping owners and governmental bodies<br />

to identify the risks and manage them<br />

to at least the level of safety provided<br />

by the existing fuel-management and<br />

combustion requirements.”<br />

Leading the<br />

way in LNG<br />

as fuel<br />

understanding<br />

Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> runs a busy programme<br />

of seminars worldwide, many of which<br />

pull in leading industry stakeholders<br />

to provide a broad perspective<br />

to attendees. Environmental and<br />

operational efficiency seminars were<br />

very popular in 2011. In particular, LNG<br />

as fuel seminars in London, Busan,<br />

Vancouver and Tokyo attracted large<br />

audiences looking at the broad range<br />

of LNG issues.<br />

LNG bunker<br />

tank location<br />

The location of storage tanks is a key issue<br />

for consideration, particularly on cruise<br />

ships, containerships and ferries where<br />

there is little or no alternative to LNG<br />

bunker space within or below a vessel’s<br />

accommodation area.<br />

It’s an issue Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> is currently<br />

studying and our Global Marine Risk<br />

Adviser Vince Jenkins takes a refreshingly<br />

optimistic view of how to handle it. He<br />

says Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> “undoubtedly can”<br />

find a way to approve LNG tanks. “The<br />

cost of achieving it may be significant, but<br />

the technology and design capability is<br />

certainly about to achieve it,” he says.<br />

“Class societies are a keystone of safety<br />

in the marine industry. They also need to<br />

be visionary from time to time. In Lloyd’s<br />

<strong>Register</strong>’s case we are a charity and<br />

everyone in society is our stakeholder.<br />

Hence we need to provide a framework<br />

that will allow innovation – while ensuring<br />

the balance between environmental gain<br />

and safety is duly considered,” says Vince.<br />

Vince Jenkins, Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>’s<br />

Global Marine Risk Adviser<br />

“We cannot yet judge what the outcome<br />

of such development work will be, but we<br />

are certainly looking at it to enable such<br />

technology to be embraced within the<br />

industry,” adds Vince.<br />

A full version of Vince Jenkin’s article<br />

on LNG storage is in the January issue<br />

of <strong>Horizons</strong>.<br />

LNG as fuel bunkers<br />

Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> has been<br />

studying the issues<br />

One of the largest obstacles to widespread<br />

take-up of LNG as fuel is the lack of a<br />

bunkering network. At present deep sea<br />

ships have no access to LNG as a marine<br />

fuel – even if they wanted it. Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong><br />

has been researching the issues around a<br />

bunker network and infrastructure for the<br />

shipping industry.<br />

Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> has been examining trade<br />

patterns and existing bunker trends by<br />

ship type and size; examining the fuel<br />

consumption requirements; assessing the<br />

potential availability of LNG worldwide; and<br />

surveying the key stakeholder groups to<br />

understand their needs.<br />

Findings are expected to be available in March.<br />

5<br />

million tonnes<br />

(Methanol produced per annum)<br />

“In the past, Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> and other<br />

class societies have achieved this by<br />

developing prescriptive rules. There is<br />

a move to a more goal-based approach<br />

to drive rule development. And this is<br />

exactly what we are doing on the<br />

subject of LNG tank placement within<br />

or under accommodation.<br />

<strong>Horizons</strong> is Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>’s Marine industry magazine –<br />

published three times a year and <strong>supplement</strong>ed from time<br />

to time, with focused editions such as this Technology and<br />

Innovation <strong>special</strong>. To download a pdf of <strong>Horizons</strong> go to:<br />

www.lr.org/horizons<br />

04<br />

05


<strong>Horizons</strong> <strong>supplement</strong> February 2012<br />

Future engines<br />

4-7%<br />

4-7%<br />

The range in which<br />

potential fuel savings<br />

are possible with a<br />

longer stroke in a slow<br />

speed engine<br />

Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> is classifying<br />

the world’s largest LNG<br />

as fuel newbuilding<br />

commissioned to date, the<br />

Viking Line ferry being built<br />

at STX Finland. Wartsila is<br />

supplying the engines<br />

Future<br />

engines<br />

Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> has talked for some time now of the paradigm<br />

shift facing the shipping industry as it faces a changing future<br />

for propulsive technology. For a long time deep sea ships have<br />

had a large slow speed engine with three auxilliaries. Will this be<br />

challenged Yes, but change will not happen overnight. Certainly,<br />

greater efficiency is being demanded and being developed. And<br />

innovation is taking place across all engine types and we will see<br />

new arrangements.<br />

New engines and new approaches<br />

to propulsion will emerge as realistic<br />

commercial options. Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong><br />

is working with an owner on the<br />

first project using MAN’s new,<br />

longer stroke, ‘G’ type engines<br />

which allow the use of a larger<br />

screw providing potential fuel<br />

savings in the 4-7% range.<br />

LNG, of course, has been making<br />

the headlines.<br />

Although most innovation has been<br />

in small ferries and offshore vessels –<br />

the medium speed engine scene is more<br />

evolved as gas, so far, has been focused<br />

on very small applications mainly in<br />

Norway – slow speed gas engines capable<br />

of powering large ships are now being<br />

marketed by engine manufacturers.<br />

Lloyds <strong>Register</strong> is of course working on the<br />

biggest gas engine application to come to<br />

market, in Viking Lines 56,000 gt, 53 MW,<br />

large ferry project now under construction<br />

at STX Finland. It remains to be seen<br />

whether large oil tankers, bulk carriers and<br />

containerships will be powered by gas.<br />

We now see hybrid options emerging:<br />

gas engines are alongside diesels and<br />

the use of wind as auxiliary power is<br />

emerging – in kites, sails and Flettner<br />

rotors. Biofuels are on the table: the US<br />

Navy has made a firm commitment to use<br />

substantial quantities and Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong><br />

has been working with Maersk<br />

to understand biofuel performance.<br />

The use of methanol is being investigated<br />

and the potential for fuel cells and<br />

electrical ships is being explored and we<br />

can expect to see orders placed soon for<br />

the latter.<br />

So, owners options are expanding fast<br />

with a growing menu on the engine<br />

buffet table – or, as they say in some<br />

parts of Scandinavia, the koldtbord<br />

or smörgaståble.<br />

As with fuels, decision making will be<br />

driven by a combination of price and<br />

performance and there are many different<br />

and competing agendas at play.<br />

Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>’s role is to help the<br />

industry by providing independent<br />

technology leadership with verification<br />

of design and performance claims.<br />

On the following page we look at what<br />

a Norwegian engine maker is doing to<br />

increase the options for owners.<br />

100 years ago – the first<br />

diesel merchant ship,<br />

Selandia, entered service<br />

with twin Burmeister &<br />

Wain 1,250 hp engines<br />

“The success of the sea trials was very<br />

marked and there is every reason to<br />

expect that the engines will give equal<br />

satisfaction in regular running, and if<br />

this anticipation is realised there is no<br />

doubt that many oil engined vessels will<br />

be built for trading where fuel oil can be<br />

regularly obtained.”<br />

JT Milton, Chief Engineer Surveyor,<br />

Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong><br />

06<br />

07


<strong>Horizons</strong> <strong>supplement</strong> February 2012<br />

Full on the gas in Bergen<br />

Rolls-Royce Marine’s Bergen Engines<br />

operation is long famous for supplying<br />

diesel engines and generators to<br />

the shipping industry – the origins<br />

of today’s company were a foundry<br />

in central Bergen in 1845. Of 6,300<br />

engines sold by Bergen Engines since<br />

1946, 3,500 are still in operation.<br />

Bergen diesels manufactured in 1956<br />

are still in operation in a coastal carrier.<br />

Rolls-Royce became involved in 1999.<br />

Today, the foundry and factory are located<br />

just outside the city of Bergen, where they<br />

manufacture high quality medium speed<br />

diesel engines.<br />

Now they are in the vanguard of the<br />

‘LNG as fuel’ developments with their<br />

clean burning, spark ignition engines to<br />

meet today’s and tomorrow’s regulatory<br />

and societal expectations for reduced<br />

emissions from shipping.<br />

“Our gas engine is unique,” says Odd<br />

Magne Horgen, General Sales Manager<br />

– Engines, for Rolls-Royce. Emissions are<br />

very low and they are highly efficient at<br />

49-50.3% depending on engine type,<br />

compared to 47% in a normal diesel<br />

engine. We have had to reduce BMEP,<br />

which lowers power. So to regain power<br />

we have had to increase the bore by<br />

approximately 10%.<br />

“There are two different approaches to<br />

arrangements for gas engines. One is to<br />

use two separate engine rooms and rely<br />

on gas sniffers to trigger an emergency<br />

shutdown in case of a gas leak. Or you<br />

can use engines that are inherently gas<br />

safe – with double wall fuel pipes - you can<br />

put them into a conventional engine room<br />

space – and this is what we do.”<br />

While, on the face of it, Bergen’s medium<br />

speed, relatively small, engines are not<br />

suitable for ships such as large bulk carriers<br />

and tankers, new arrangements where<br />

two main engines in parallel, with twin<br />

shafts, could be seen in ships sometime<br />

soon. Oshima in Japan is working with<br />

Rolls-Royce on such a design project for a<br />

70,000 dwt bulker.<br />

And offshore support vessels have<br />

been ordered with four engines – two<br />

conventional diesels and two gas<br />

equivalents of the same engines. This gives<br />

the operator flexibility now, as well as the<br />

option at a future date to convert the two<br />

diesels to pure gas.<br />

Most of the current Rolls-Royce gas engines<br />

in marine operations today are installed in<br />

ferries, a testing environment. Odd Magne:<br />

“If you can survive the ferry cycle you can<br />

survive anything. The repeated heating up<br />

and cooling down puts a massive strain on<br />

the engine.”<br />

“For us technology is the key and this enables<br />

us to compete with bigger players. The main<br />

reason we are still here today in Bergen,<br />

when large shipbuilding has moved East, is<br />

the hi-tech needs of the Norwegian shipping<br />

industry and the needs of the growing<br />

offshore fleets that are so strong here.”<br />

Odd Magne Horgen, General Sales Manager<br />

– Engines, Rolls-Royce<br />

Odd Magne Horgen (left) and Leif-Arne Skarbø,<br />

Vice-President – Technology and Engine<br />

Development, Rolls-Royce Marine Engines<br />

“ I believe in gas,<br />

100% gas.<br />

It’s all about the<br />

environment and<br />

greater efficiency.<br />

“<br />

Full on<br />

the gas<br />

in Bergen!<br />

Rolls-Royce Engines: “Our core business<br />

today is liquid fuel, but we see gas coming.”<br />

Rolls-Royce gas engine performance<br />

NO x<br />

SO x<br />

Particulate<br />

- No visible smoke<br />

- No oil spill<br />

- Cleaner engine rooms<br />

-92<br />

-100<br />

-98<br />

%<br />

“We are looking into a partly sand<br />

blasted crystal ball. But what we<br />

see is a big future for gas engines.”<br />

“Of course it is all driven by<br />

regulation – and price!”<br />

Leif-Arne Skarbø, Vice-President –<br />

Technology and Development, Rolls-Royce<br />

Marine Engines<br />

Rolls-Royce has sold 537 gas engines worldwide.<br />

Most have been for land application 35, so far,<br />

for the Marine sector.<br />

They have 20 million running hours’ experience<br />

with gas engines.<br />

08<br />

09


<strong>Horizons</strong> <strong>supplement</strong> February 2012<br />

Future designs<br />

Future designs<br />

“With the ‘Green Future’ Technologies<br />

applied we estimate that this design<br />

will perform 17% below the EEDI<br />

requirement or even further depending<br />

on the applied technologies.”<br />

M K Ha, Executive Vice President<br />

of Project Planning Department, SHI<br />

The ‘Bestway’<br />

Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> celebrated a Chinese success story with a<br />

series of end-of-2011 joint industry projects (JIPs) with Chinese<br />

companies. The first was the planning and design of Emerald,<br />

an ultra eco-friendly bulk carrier, with the Shanghai-based<br />

Bestway Marine Engineering Design Company.<br />

When built, the 35,000 dwt mid-size bulk carrier will improve<br />

the current EEDI performance of a standard bulk carrier by 18%.<br />

“After producing a market report, we talked to the shipyards. We<br />

also realised there was considerable interest in green technology<br />

in the bulk carrier segment,” said Professor Liu Nan, Bestway’s<br />

General Manager.<br />

“We have forged a very close working relationship with Lloyd’s<br />

<strong>Register</strong> on this project and our joint teams are now working on<br />

honing the design to bring in further improvements. The low EEDI<br />

indicates to the industry how energy-efficient this ship design is,”<br />

he said.<br />

After extensive model-testing, the new design has exceeded<br />

targets in a number of key areas. These include a 19.5% reduction<br />

in fuel consumption, fuel oil savings of 6.5% and a new propeller<br />

design that gives energy savings of 2%. Six of the new designs<br />

are currently being built at the Guangdong Jiangmen Nanyang<br />

Shipyard in southern China – with more orders in the pipeline.<br />

Shortly afterwards, our China office signed a six-month JIP with<br />

Jiangmen Nanyang Ship Engineering (JNS) and Bestway to build a<br />

slightly larger 39,000 dwt bulk carrier with multiple green features.<br />

Thomas Klenum, General Manager of Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>’s China<br />

Marine Business Development Team, said: “In a highly competitive<br />

shipping market, we are jointly pursuing the development of fuel<br />

efficient, environmentally friendly and high quality ships that are<br />

enticing to shipowners. This latest order of the latest generation<br />

of Bestway’s Handysize design at JNS is yet another milestone in<br />

the excellent co-operation between Bestway, JNS and<br />

Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>.”<br />

$2million<br />

– potential reduction in USD of annual fuel oil costs<br />

using ‘Green Future’ Technology<br />

The energy of a Viking<br />

When Finnish owners Viking Line sought a technical partner<br />

to help design and classify a new ropax ship fuelled by LNG<br />

they approached Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> with its renowned expertise in<br />

LNG. The ropax will comply with our provisional rules for LNG<br />

propulsion. The project poses many technical challenges for both<br />

owner and builder. “As well as ensuring the safety of the LNG<br />

system, a key issue will be the integration of both LNG and oil<br />

fuel installations and compliance with the new IMO ‘safe return<br />

to port’ requirements for passenger ships, a procedure on which<br />

Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> is a world leader”, says Matti Niskala, Lloyd’s<br />

<strong>Register</strong>’s Marine Country Manager, Finland.<br />

HHI – a big hitter!<br />

HHI - Hyundai Heavy Industry’s ECO VLCC is currently being<br />

marketed to the industry although the yard expects the uptake<br />

to be slow given prevailing market conditions. The new design<br />

will be equipped with advanced technologies and HHI’s J S Lee<br />

expects it will make ‘a big hit’ when the tanker market comes<br />

back. The thinking behind the design is equally applicable to<br />

other large tanker designs and large bulk and ore carriers.<br />

New designs are emerging fast.<br />

Some are conceptual and might<br />

incorporate a number of the future<br />

fuel and engine technologies in<br />

previous pages. Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> has<br />

been working with designers and<br />

yards to help them verify and<br />

validate design performance while<br />

either maintaining or increasing<br />

safety and operational standards.<br />

Harnessing the wind<br />

Victoria Steamship’s commitment to a clean efficient future<br />

is demonstrated by its support for the environmental charity<br />

Greenwave. Out of that relationship, and after a lot of<br />

hard work, newbuildings currently under construction will<br />

feature energy saving measures such as ‘wind engines’ and<br />

streamlined hull and topsides.<br />

After a full scale prototype had been tested, and monitored<br />

with the results evaluated by Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>, the decision<br />

was made to proceed with full size application of four such<br />

wind engines (known as flettner rotors) on a 95K dwt bulk<br />

carrier under construction at Jiangsu Eastern with delivery<br />

due in May 2012.<br />

SHI – The Future is ‘Green’<br />

Samsung Heavy Industries’ (SHI) Koje Shipyard laid the keel in<br />

late December on the first ‘Green Future’ branded Suezmax that<br />

they will build. The key features applied consist of hydrodynamic<br />

improvements and enhanced performance in expected sea-going<br />

conditions using an advanced hull form, energy saving devices<br />

such as ‘Saver-Fins’, a ‘STAR’ Propeller and Rudder bulb as well<br />

as a more aerodynamic deckhouse. The Suezmax design energy<br />

saving and emission reduction benefits could reduce annual fuel<br />

oil costs by over $2 million at today’s bunker rates.<br />

“Based on the developed technologies, technical specification<br />

can be further discussed between HHI and the owners while<br />

giving options to the owners to choose sufficient developed<br />

technologies for their operational concepts to fit. Many<br />

owners have already shown interests when the ECO VLCC<br />

was marketed along with advanced technologies over the last<br />

few months.”<br />

J S Lee, Senior Vice President of<br />

Project Planning Department, HHI<br />

10<br />

11


<strong>Horizons</strong> <strong>supplement</strong> February 2012<br />

The technology revolution<br />

The techn l gy<br />

rev luti n<br />

Twenty-first-century technology is changing so<br />

rapidly that the need for safety devices and rule<br />

changes to protect owners and enhance operational<br />

performance has never been greater.<br />

The sheer speed, scale and invention<br />

of today’s products have set everhigher<br />

and more rigorous standards<br />

for owners and shipyards to absorb<br />

and follow.<br />

Which is where Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> comes in.<br />

Our Marine Technology Plan covers the<br />

key aspects of design and technology<br />

to give owners and shipyards the high<br />

level of safety and security that today’s<br />

high-tech innovations and engineering<br />

usually require.<br />

Taking a strategic view<br />

The importance of strategic research is<br />

vital. Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>’s Strategic Research<br />

Group provides the ability to respond to<br />

the medium and long term requirements<br />

of maritime industry stakeholders.<br />

A strategic vision<br />

In order to maximise the value of<br />

disparate research and technology<br />

development planning efforts that<br />

take place concurrently in many<br />

parts of the organisation, we have<br />

developed a forward looking strategic<br />

technology vision.<br />

The scale of the projects included in the<br />

Marine Technology Plan varies and can<br />

change as new products are developed.<br />

Here we summarise some of the projects<br />

detailed in our January <strong>Horizons</strong> magazine:<br />

we featured a group that ranges from<br />

computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to the<br />

human factors involved in the running of<br />

a ship.<br />

• What exactly is CFD It is an online<br />

alternative to the use of scale models<br />

to study and solve problems and faults<br />

on vessels and marine engineering<br />

products. Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>’s Technical<br />

Investigation Department uses CFD to<br />

analyse and assess the extent of, say, a<br />

damaged propeller or a rudder on a bulk<br />

carrier and, in many cases, predict the<br />

likelihood of the problem re-occurring.<br />

Owners have also used this sophisticated<br />

software to help trim their fuel bills.<br />

• A team from Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>’s Marine<br />

Product Development department is<br />

currently studying the IMO’s Energy<br />

Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) and how<br />

it can benefit owners of certain types of<br />

ship. Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> has been working<br />

closely with technology providers,<br />

owners and shipyards to enable us to<br />

support the verification of energy-saving<br />

technologies on ships.<br />

• The human element is involved in every<br />

stage of a ship’s lifecycle – from the<br />

training, recruitment and management<br />

of employees to the systems used on<br />

ships, the supply chains and the endusers.<br />

A Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> project looks<br />

at the interaction between the technical<br />

and the operational side of life on a<br />

vessel and how the study of human<br />

factors can improve this.<br />

• As technology changes and becomes<br />

more sophisticated, the need for sturdier<br />

fire and lifesaving equipment rules<br />

and standards in design and materials<br />

has become evermore crucial. Lloyd’s<br />

<strong>Register</strong> is studying the problems and<br />

accidents caused by poorly designed<br />

equipment. This will help us to establish<br />

rules and regulations for new technology<br />

to make sure it is fit for purpose.<br />

Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>’s technology teams<br />

Technical leadership, based on strategic<br />

research and development, is at the heart<br />

of Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>’s Marine ambitions.<br />

The ability to understand technology and<br />

its applications enhances our technical<br />

capability to maintain and support the<br />

industry as a leading Classification Society.<br />

Technology and investigation leadership<br />

Our global technology leaders provide the<br />

guidance and professional understanding<br />

in the key areas of hull structures,<br />

engineering systems, materials and<br />

welding, risk and electro-technical<br />

systems. As the heads of Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>’s<br />

global technical community within their<br />

specific disciplines, each oversees our<br />

internal governance framework to ensure<br />

technology is applied consistently by<br />

colleagues worldwide.<br />

Their work is vital in allowing and guiding<br />

the constant development and evolution of<br />

our technical capability.<br />

Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>’s Technical Leaders: (l-r)<br />

Ed Fort, Head of Marine Engineering<br />

Systems; Peter Thompson, Head of Hull<br />

Structures; Bernard Twomey, Head of<br />

Electrotechnical Systems; Vince Jenkins,<br />

Global Marine Risk Adviser; David<br />

Howarth, Chief Metallurgist and Global<br />

Head of Materials, Welding and NDE<br />

In November, Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> marked<br />

half a century in Korea and celebrated<br />

by holding the Korea 50-50 Forum for<br />

the Future – celebrating the last 50 but<br />

looking ahead at the next 50 years.<br />

Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>’s Chief Executive,<br />

Richard Sadler, spoke on the need<br />

for, ‘technology to be at the heart of<br />

solutions’ to the challenges that business<br />

and shipping faces. “Future society<br />

will have to be better educated about<br />

eco-efficiency”, he said. “Economists,<br />

engineers and academics will be central<br />

to new solutions” in our increasingly<br />

complex world.<br />

Southampton update<br />

By 2014 Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> will have occupied<br />

a brand new Group Technology Centre<br />

in Southampton. This will be the global<br />

headquarters for Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>’s Marine<br />

business, placing LR at the centre of a<br />

network of shipping industry research<br />

and development.<br />

The decision to choose Southampton<br />

centred on the existence of world-class<br />

marine engineering and naval architecture<br />

schools at Southampton University.<br />

The move to Southampton will be in<br />

parallel with plans to establish a Lloyd’s<br />

<strong>Register</strong> Group Technology Centre in<br />

Singapore – plans for which are well<br />

underway – that will focus on the<br />

Offshore sector.<br />

Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>’s Group headquarters<br />

– representing all of Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>s<br />

activities – will remain in London.<br />

12<br />

3


Discover how<br />

Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong><br />

is supporting<br />

the industry<br />

with tomorrow’s<br />

challenges.<br />

Learn more about the future of shipping<br />

in this <strong>special</strong> <strong>supplement</strong><br />

Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> is a trading name of the Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> Group of<br />

entities. Services are provided by members of the Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> Group.<br />

For further details please see our website: http://www.lr.org/entities

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