A special Lloyd's Register Horizons supplement
A special Lloyd's Register Horizons supplement
A special Lloyd's Register Horizons supplement
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A <strong>special</strong> Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> <strong>Horizons</strong> <strong>supplement</strong><br />
Technology and Innovation in Shipping<br />
February 2012<br />
What is the<br />
future f<br />
shipping<br />
Special reports on:<br />
Future fuels<br />
Future engines<br />
Future designs<br />
Future technology
Introduction<br />
The shipping world<br />
is fast becoming a<br />
more complex place<br />
By Tom Boardley, Marine Director, Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong><br />
Contents<br />
Managing Editor:<br />
Nicholas Brown<br />
Marine Communications Manager<br />
Tim Kent, Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>’s<br />
Marine Technology Director<br />
Driving marine<br />
technology<br />
and innovation<br />
Available technology never stands still.<br />
Applying available technology to help<br />
affordably meet regulatory requirements<br />
and increase performance, while also<br />
increasing safety, is a challenge.<br />
Meeting such societal obligations through<br />
enabling the safe, sustainable and<br />
affordable application of technology in<br />
a structured manner is at the core of the<br />
classification society’s role.<br />
“What is actually possible”, is a key question<br />
that clients expect us to help them answer.<br />
What we’ve learned to do is provide the<br />
vital service to clients and their stakeholders<br />
in understanding the regulatory and technical<br />
issues, to help guide a process of bespoke<br />
engineering analysis to explore and realise<br />
client requirements, properly appraising designs<br />
and supporting construction and operations.<br />
The guidance and verification needed<br />
to help the industry is being provided by<br />
Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>’s 1,800 ship and design<br />
support surveyors worldwide.<br />
Emissions regulation and higher energy prices are the two<br />
leading factors changing our industry. New technologies and<br />
innovation will play a vital role in the immediate and long<br />
term future of shipping.<br />
100 years ago a Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> surveyor attended the sea trials of<br />
the first seagoing diesel powered merchant ship, the East Asiatic<br />
Company’s innovative Selandia. The propulsion technology on trial<br />
a century ago now dominates the industry and, for most merchant<br />
ships, in the last 50 years, there has been a clear orthodoxy in<br />
engine room arrangements and the type of fuel used. Nearly all<br />
ships now use marine heavy fuel oil in diesel engines.<br />
Today we stand on the brink of a new era.<br />
Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> has talked about this as a ‘new paradigm’. Any<br />
evolution will be gradual but already we can see changes happening.<br />
New fuels, new engines and new designs are becoming available.<br />
The difficulty for shipowners, builders, equipment makers and,<br />
don’t forget, financiers is not only what technology to support but<br />
when to invest. The future is further clouded by the weak market<br />
outlook and the hangover of the biggest boom in new ordering<br />
in history – the new ships still being built are, in the main, little<br />
different to the ships in demand a decade or more ago.<br />
Most new technology being brought into operation now has been<br />
developed for relatively small or niche markets such as ferries and<br />
inland waterways – sectors where exposure to new regulation is<br />
most concentrated and where local emissions and other factors are<br />
felt most keenly.<br />
More clarity needs to be brought to the differences between local<br />
air emission benefits and the greenhouse gas impacts of shipping.<br />
At present the real driver is local air emissions. The introduction<br />
of the Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) is the first global<br />
greenhouse gas regulation in any industry, setting mandated<br />
minimum requirements.<br />
In this brief <strong>supplement</strong> we use three key and inter-related technical<br />
themes - future fuels, engines and designs - to explore the current<br />
status of new developments. New fuels, engines and designs are all<br />
related – to greater and lesser degrees.<br />
At Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> what we constantly strive to provide is impartial<br />
technical guidance. And as well as guidance, verification is crucial.<br />
Many claims are being made about performance, about greenhouse<br />
gas emissions and about safety of new arrangements. Owners and<br />
operators need data and they need it verified – what you can’t<br />
measure, you can’t manage.<br />
We are here to help the industry manage the changes we face by<br />
providing the independent insight that is required.<br />
01 Introduction: Our more complex world<br />
02 Future fuels and fuel management<br />
06 Future engines<br />
08 Full on the gas in Bergen<br />
10 Future designs<br />
12 The technology revolution<br />
Coming Soon – Our next issue of<br />
Shipping and the Environment due out<br />
in March will look further into these<br />
issues, what operators and shipyards are<br />
doing as well as at specific regulatory<br />
compliance requirements and tools<br />
to help the industry in reducing<br />
environmental impact and capturing<br />
efficiency gains.<br />
01
<strong>Horizons</strong> <strong>supplement</strong> February 2012<br />
Future fuels and fuel management<br />
The world’s first new<br />
LNG-fuelled tanker has<br />
been delivered in<br />
Rotterdam and classed<br />
by Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>.<br />
Future fuels<br />
and fuel<br />
management<br />
Much has been heard and said about future fuels<br />
recently. With high energy prices and challenging<br />
emissions requirements, the industry is looking for<br />
alternatives or ways to manage their emissions –<br />
particularly in the new Emission Control Areas (ECAs).<br />
80/20<br />
Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> is well placed to<br />
provide support to operators in helping<br />
ensure that design and operational<br />
solutions are safe and efficient.<br />
Gas, abatement systems (scrubbers),<br />
biofuels, methanol, nuclear and fuel cells are<br />
all on the table – potentially. Some solutions<br />
are more developed than others and society<br />
has different perceptions of the risks and<br />
costs involved.<br />
LNG is certainly a fuel of the future and<br />
has been winning a great deal of attention<br />
on the back of its low SO x , NO x and<br />
particulate emissions – and is in use<br />
already in small applications.<br />
Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> – as the classification<br />
leader in LNG carrier market share – has<br />
significant expertise with LNG. We have<br />
been providing the industry with the deep<br />
technological understanding of the realities<br />
and risks involved with using LNG as fuel for<br />
merchant ships. Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> is classing<br />
the Viking Line Ferry project, the largest (by<br />
a long way) LNG as fuel application to date<br />
(see “The energy of a Viking” on page 11).<br />
Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>’s expertise in gas goes back<br />
a long way. Today Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> provides<br />
a broad understanding of the risks involved<br />
based on long and substantial experience.<br />
FOBAS – better fuel<br />
management supports<br />
performance<br />
Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>’s fuel analysis service,<br />
FOBAS, provides fuel quality analysis reports<br />
and advice to support fuel management.<br />
The FOBAS ENGINE service provides a clear<br />
indication of performance, lubrication and<br />
wear conditions in marine diesel engines.<br />
The FOBAS Fuel Change-over Plan provides<br />
step-by-step procedural guidance covering<br />
all aspects of change-over to low-sulpher<br />
fuel, data recording and documentation.<br />
The natural gas to diesel mix used in<br />
the LNG system on the Argonon<br />
02<br />
03
<strong>Horizons</strong> <strong>supplement</strong> February 2012<br />
Future fuels and fuel management<br />
Piet Mast, Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>’s<br />
Marine Business Manager for<br />
Western Europe<br />
Methanol a potential<br />
fuel requiring more<br />
attention<br />
One of the fuels Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> is looking<br />
at is methanol. Methanol is sulphur free,<br />
has a reduced impact on emissions,<br />
is currently 3 to 4 times cheaper than<br />
marine distillate fuel and has a beneficial<br />
likely EEDI result. It is non cryogenic and<br />
is readily produced for a wide range of<br />
chemical uses including for combustion.<br />
Production is currently nearly 50 million<br />
tonnes per annum. It has a great potential<br />
for high production and ease of using<br />
existing distribution infrastructures.<br />
Easily produced and safe to transport, it<br />
has the benefit of being able to be made<br />
from the widely available natural gas or<br />
from biogas which in turn could be made<br />
from second generation renewables.<br />
The world’s first<br />
new LNG-fuelled<br />
tanker is classed<br />
by Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong><br />
The arrival of Argonon (see photo on page 2),<br />
a 6,100 dwt dual-fuelled chemical tanker,<br />
is a significant milestone for the Deen<br />
Shipping subsidiary, Argonon Shipping, in<br />
its pursuit of cleaner transport solutions for<br />
Europe. Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> helped the owners<br />
and regulators identify their risks, meet<br />
regulatory requirements and overcome the<br />
technical challenges for the precedentsetting<br />
tanker.<br />
“This has been a great project and is a<br />
significant first,” said Piet Mast, Lloyd’s<br />
<strong>Register</strong>’s Marine Business Manager for<br />
Western Europe. “The nature of inland<br />
waterways traffic, which passes through<br />
or close to major population centres,<br />
makes LNG an attractive way to reduce<br />
harmful local emissions. We had to look<br />
carefully at the risks and worked closely<br />
with the owner and the regulators to<br />
ensure that they understood, and were<br />
comfortable with, the technical solutions<br />
that were developed.”<br />
The dual-fuel system is designed to burn<br />
an 80/20 mixture of natural gas and<br />
diesel, reducing SO x , NO x and particulatematter<br />
emissions, as well as reducing the<br />
greenhouse gas emissions from tank to<br />
flue. The LNG is stored in a transport tank<br />
located on deck, supplied by Cryonorm<br />
Projects, based near Amsterdam.<br />
“The inland shipping industry, as far as we<br />
know, is the safest and cleanest mode of<br />
transport. But, to keep this lead, we have<br />
to take a big step forward in environmental<br />
performance,” said shipowner Gerard<br />
Deen. “I think that the dual-fuel principle<br />
is a way to reduce the emissions in our<br />
sector. Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> was very pragmatic<br />
in their approach to finding solutions to<br />
convert seagoing regulations into inland<br />
shipping rules regarding dual fuel.”<br />
Built by Rotterdam’s Shipyard Trico BV,<br />
Argonon is 110 metres long and propelled<br />
by two, dual-fuel Caterpillar DF3512<br />
engines, each providing 1,115 kW. The<br />
ship has the capacity to transit from<br />
Rotterdam to Basel and back<br />
without bunkering.<br />
“We are currently providing technical<br />
and regulatory guidance for 20 confirmed<br />
or proposed inland waterway applications<br />
that intend to use LNG as fuel,” said<br />
Bas Joormann, Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>’s West<br />
European Area Inland Waterway<br />
Product Manager. “There is a lot of<br />
interest, and for good reason. Inland<br />
waterways, like ferries in emission-control<br />
areas, are very suitable for LNG. But the<br />
regulatory regime is different. We’re<br />
helping owners and governmental bodies<br />
to identify the risks and manage them<br />
to at least the level of safety provided<br />
by the existing fuel-management and<br />
combustion requirements.”<br />
Leading the<br />
way in LNG<br />
as fuel<br />
understanding<br />
Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> runs a busy programme<br />
of seminars worldwide, many of which<br />
pull in leading industry stakeholders<br />
to provide a broad perspective<br />
to attendees. Environmental and<br />
operational efficiency seminars were<br />
very popular in 2011. In particular, LNG<br />
as fuel seminars in London, Busan,<br />
Vancouver and Tokyo attracted large<br />
audiences looking at the broad range<br />
of LNG issues.<br />
LNG bunker<br />
tank location<br />
The location of storage tanks is a key issue<br />
for consideration, particularly on cruise<br />
ships, containerships and ferries where<br />
there is little or no alternative to LNG<br />
bunker space within or below a vessel’s<br />
accommodation area.<br />
It’s an issue Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> is currently<br />
studying and our Global Marine Risk<br />
Adviser Vince Jenkins takes a refreshingly<br />
optimistic view of how to handle it. He<br />
says Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> “undoubtedly can”<br />
find a way to approve LNG tanks. “The<br />
cost of achieving it may be significant, but<br />
the technology and design capability is<br />
certainly about to achieve it,” he says.<br />
“Class societies are a keystone of safety<br />
in the marine industry. They also need to<br />
be visionary from time to time. In Lloyd’s<br />
<strong>Register</strong>’s case we are a charity and<br />
everyone in society is our stakeholder.<br />
Hence we need to provide a framework<br />
that will allow innovation – while ensuring<br />
the balance between environmental gain<br />
and safety is duly considered,” says Vince.<br />
Vince Jenkins, Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>’s<br />
Global Marine Risk Adviser<br />
“We cannot yet judge what the outcome<br />
of such development work will be, but we<br />
are certainly looking at it to enable such<br />
technology to be embraced within the<br />
industry,” adds Vince.<br />
A full version of Vince Jenkin’s article<br />
on LNG storage is in the January issue<br />
of <strong>Horizons</strong>.<br />
LNG as fuel bunkers<br />
Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> has been<br />
studying the issues<br />
One of the largest obstacles to widespread<br />
take-up of LNG as fuel is the lack of a<br />
bunkering network. At present deep sea<br />
ships have no access to LNG as a marine<br />
fuel – even if they wanted it. Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong><br />
has been researching the issues around a<br />
bunker network and infrastructure for the<br />
shipping industry.<br />
Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> has been examining trade<br />
patterns and existing bunker trends by<br />
ship type and size; examining the fuel<br />
consumption requirements; assessing the<br />
potential availability of LNG worldwide; and<br />
surveying the key stakeholder groups to<br />
understand their needs.<br />
Findings are expected to be available in March.<br />
5<br />
million tonnes<br />
(Methanol produced per annum)<br />
“In the past, Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> and other<br />
class societies have achieved this by<br />
developing prescriptive rules. There is<br />
a move to a more goal-based approach<br />
to drive rule development. And this is<br />
exactly what we are doing on the<br />
subject of LNG tank placement within<br />
or under accommodation.<br />
<strong>Horizons</strong> is Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>’s Marine industry magazine –<br />
published three times a year and <strong>supplement</strong>ed from time<br />
to time, with focused editions such as this Technology and<br />
Innovation <strong>special</strong>. To download a pdf of <strong>Horizons</strong> go to:<br />
www.lr.org/horizons<br />
04<br />
05
<strong>Horizons</strong> <strong>supplement</strong> February 2012<br />
Future engines<br />
4-7%<br />
4-7%<br />
The range in which<br />
potential fuel savings<br />
are possible with a<br />
longer stroke in a slow<br />
speed engine<br />
Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> is classifying<br />
the world’s largest LNG<br />
as fuel newbuilding<br />
commissioned to date, the<br />
Viking Line ferry being built<br />
at STX Finland. Wartsila is<br />
supplying the engines<br />
Future<br />
engines<br />
Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> has talked for some time now of the paradigm<br />
shift facing the shipping industry as it faces a changing future<br />
for propulsive technology. For a long time deep sea ships have<br />
had a large slow speed engine with three auxilliaries. Will this be<br />
challenged Yes, but change will not happen overnight. Certainly,<br />
greater efficiency is being demanded and being developed. And<br />
innovation is taking place across all engine types and we will see<br />
new arrangements.<br />
New engines and new approaches<br />
to propulsion will emerge as realistic<br />
commercial options. Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong><br />
is working with an owner on the<br />
first project using MAN’s new,<br />
longer stroke, ‘G’ type engines<br />
which allow the use of a larger<br />
screw providing potential fuel<br />
savings in the 4-7% range.<br />
LNG, of course, has been making<br />
the headlines.<br />
Although most innovation has been<br />
in small ferries and offshore vessels –<br />
the medium speed engine scene is more<br />
evolved as gas, so far, has been focused<br />
on very small applications mainly in<br />
Norway – slow speed gas engines capable<br />
of powering large ships are now being<br />
marketed by engine manufacturers.<br />
Lloyds <strong>Register</strong> is of course working on the<br />
biggest gas engine application to come to<br />
market, in Viking Lines 56,000 gt, 53 MW,<br />
large ferry project now under construction<br />
at STX Finland. It remains to be seen<br />
whether large oil tankers, bulk carriers and<br />
containerships will be powered by gas.<br />
We now see hybrid options emerging:<br />
gas engines are alongside diesels and<br />
the use of wind as auxiliary power is<br />
emerging – in kites, sails and Flettner<br />
rotors. Biofuels are on the table: the US<br />
Navy has made a firm commitment to use<br />
substantial quantities and Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong><br />
has been working with Maersk<br />
to understand biofuel performance.<br />
The use of methanol is being investigated<br />
and the potential for fuel cells and<br />
electrical ships is being explored and we<br />
can expect to see orders placed soon for<br />
the latter.<br />
So, owners options are expanding fast<br />
with a growing menu on the engine<br />
buffet table – or, as they say in some<br />
parts of Scandinavia, the koldtbord<br />
or smörgaståble.<br />
As with fuels, decision making will be<br />
driven by a combination of price and<br />
performance and there are many different<br />
and competing agendas at play.<br />
Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>’s role is to help the<br />
industry by providing independent<br />
technology leadership with verification<br />
of design and performance claims.<br />
On the following page we look at what<br />
a Norwegian engine maker is doing to<br />
increase the options for owners.<br />
100 years ago – the first<br />
diesel merchant ship,<br />
Selandia, entered service<br />
with twin Burmeister &<br />
Wain 1,250 hp engines<br />
“The success of the sea trials was very<br />
marked and there is every reason to<br />
expect that the engines will give equal<br />
satisfaction in regular running, and if<br />
this anticipation is realised there is no<br />
doubt that many oil engined vessels will<br />
be built for trading where fuel oil can be<br />
regularly obtained.”<br />
JT Milton, Chief Engineer Surveyor,<br />
Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong><br />
06<br />
07
<strong>Horizons</strong> <strong>supplement</strong> February 2012<br />
Full on the gas in Bergen<br />
Rolls-Royce Marine’s Bergen Engines<br />
operation is long famous for supplying<br />
diesel engines and generators to<br />
the shipping industry – the origins<br />
of today’s company were a foundry<br />
in central Bergen in 1845. Of 6,300<br />
engines sold by Bergen Engines since<br />
1946, 3,500 are still in operation.<br />
Bergen diesels manufactured in 1956<br />
are still in operation in a coastal carrier.<br />
Rolls-Royce became involved in 1999.<br />
Today, the foundry and factory are located<br />
just outside the city of Bergen, where they<br />
manufacture high quality medium speed<br />
diesel engines.<br />
Now they are in the vanguard of the<br />
‘LNG as fuel’ developments with their<br />
clean burning, spark ignition engines to<br />
meet today’s and tomorrow’s regulatory<br />
and societal expectations for reduced<br />
emissions from shipping.<br />
“Our gas engine is unique,” says Odd<br />
Magne Horgen, General Sales Manager<br />
– Engines, for Rolls-Royce. Emissions are<br />
very low and they are highly efficient at<br />
49-50.3% depending on engine type,<br />
compared to 47% in a normal diesel<br />
engine. We have had to reduce BMEP,<br />
which lowers power. So to regain power<br />
we have had to increase the bore by<br />
approximately 10%.<br />
“There are two different approaches to<br />
arrangements for gas engines. One is to<br />
use two separate engine rooms and rely<br />
on gas sniffers to trigger an emergency<br />
shutdown in case of a gas leak. Or you<br />
can use engines that are inherently gas<br />
safe – with double wall fuel pipes - you can<br />
put them into a conventional engine room<br />
space – and this is what we do.”<br />
While, on the face of it, Bergen’s medium<br />
speed, relatively small, engines are not<br />
suitable for ships such as large bulk carriers<br />
and tankers, new arrangements where<br />
two main engines in parallel, with twin<br />
shafts, could be seen in ships sometime<br />
soon. Oshima in Japan is working with<br />
Rolls-Royce on such a design project for a<br />
70,000 dwt bulker.<br />
And offshore support vessels have<br />
been ordered with four engines – two<br />
conventional diesels and two gas<br />
equivalents of the same engines. This gives<br />
the operator flexibility now, as well as the<br />
option at a future date to convert the two<br />
diesels to pure gas.<br />
Most of the current Rolls-Royce gas engines<br />
in marine operations today are installed in<br />
ferries, a testing environment. Odd Magne:<br />
“If you can survive the ferry cycle you can<br />
survive anything. The repeated heating up<br />
and cooling down puts a massive strain on<br />
the engine.”<br />
“For us technology is the key and this enables<br />
us to compete with bigger players. The main<br />
reason we are still here today in Bergen,<br />
when large shipbuilding has moved East, is<br />
the hi-tech needs of the Norwegian shipping<br />
industry and the needs of the growing<br />
offshore fleets that are so strong here.”<br />
Odd Magne Horgen, General Sales Manager<br />
– Engines, Rolls-Royce<br />
Odd Magne Horgen (left) and Leif-Arne Skarbø,<br />
Vice-President – Technology and Engine<br />
Development, Rolls-Royce Marine Engines<br />
“ I believe in gas,<br />
100% gas.<br />
It’s all about the<br />
environment and<br />
greater efficiency.<br />
“<br />
Full on<br />
the gas<br />
in Bergen!<br />
Rolls-Royce Engines: “Our core business<br />
today is liquid fuel, but we see gas coming.”<br />
Rolls-Royce gas engine performance<br />
NO x<br />
SO x<br />
Particulate<br />
- No visible smoke<br />
- No oil spill<br />
- Cleaner engine rooms<br />
-92<br />
-100<br />
-98<br />
%<br />
“We are looking into a partly sand<br />
blasted crystal ball. But what we<br />
see is a big future for gas engines.”<br />
“Of course it is all driven by<br />
regulation – and price!”<br />
Leif-Arne Skarbø, Vice-President –<br />
Technology and Development, Rolls-Royce<br />
Marine Engines<br />
Rolls-Royce has sold 537 gas engines worldwide.<br />
Most have been for land application 35, so far,<br />
for the Marine sector.<br />
They have 20 million running hours’ experience<br />
with gas engines.<br />
08<br />
09
<strong>Horizons</strong> <strong>supplement</strong> February 2012<br />
Future designs<br />
Future designs<br />
“With the ‘Green Future’ Technologies<br />
applied we estimate that this design<br />
will perform 17% below the EEDI<br />
requirement or even further depending<br />
on the applied technologies.”<br />
M K Ha, Executive Vice President<br />
of Project Planning Department, SHI<br />
The ‘Bestway’<br />
Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> celebrated a Chinese success story with a<br />
series of end-of-2011 joint industry projects (JIPs) with Chinese<br />
companies. The first was the planning and design of Emerald,<br />
an ultra eco-friendly bulk carrier, with the Shanghai-based<br />
Bestway Marine Engineering Design Company.<br />
When built, the 35,000 dwt mid-size bulk carrier will improve<br />
the current EEDI performance of a standard bulk carrier by 18%.<br />
“After producing a market report, we talked to the shipyards. We<br />
also realised there was considerable interest in green technology<br />
in the bulk carrier segment,” said Professor Liu Nan, Bestway’s<br />
General Manager.<br />
“We have forged a very close working relationship with Lloyd’s<br />
<strong>Register</strong> on this project and our joint teams are now working on<br />
honing the design to bring in further improvements. The low EEDI<br />
indicates to the industry how energy-efficient this ship design is,”<br />
he said.<br />
After extensive model-testing, the new design has exceeded<br />
targets in a number of key areas. These include a 19.5% reduction<br />
in fuel consumption, fuel oil savings of 6.5% and a new propeller<br />
design that gives energy savings of 2%. Six of the new designs<br />
are currently being built at the Guangdong Jiangmen Nanyang<br />
Shipyard in southern China – with more orders in the pipeline.<br />
Shortly afterwards, our China office signed a six-month JIP with<br />
Jiangmen Nanyang Ship Engineering (JNS) and Bestway to build a<br />
slightly larger 39,000 dwt bulk carrier with multiple green features.<br />
Thomas Klenum, General Manager of Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>’s China<br />
Marine Business Development Team, said: “In a highly competitive<br />
shipping market, we are jointly pursuing the development of fuel<br />
efficient, environmentally friendly and high quality ships that are<br />
enticing to shipowners. This latest order of the latest generation<br />
of Bestway’s Handysize design at JNS is yet another milestone in<br />
the excellent co-operation between Bestway, JNS and<br />
Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>.”<br />
$2million<br />
– potential reduction in USD of annual fuel oil costs<br />
using ‘Green Future’ Technology<br />
The energy of a Viking<br />
When Finnish owners Viking Line sought a technical partner<br />
to help design and classify a new ropax ship fuelled by LNG<br />
they approached Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> with its renowned expertise in<br />
LNG. The ropax will comply with our provisional rules for LNG<br />
propulsion. The project poses many technical challenges for both<br />
owner and builder. “As well as ensuring the safety of the LNG<br />
system, a key issue will be the integration of both LNG and oil<br />
fuel installations and compliance with the new IMO ‘safe return<br />
to port’ requirements for passenger ships, a procedure on which<br />
Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> is a world leader”, says Matti Niskala, Lloyd’s<br />
<strong>Register</strong>’s Marine Country Manager, Finland.<br />
HHI – a big hitter!<br />
HHI - Hyundai Heavy Industry’s ECO VLCC is currently being<br />
marketed to the industry although the yard expects the uptake<br />
to be slow given prevailing market conditions. The new design<br />
will be equipped with advanced technologies and HHI’s J S Lee<br />
expects it will make ‘a big hit’ when the tanker market comes<br />
back. The thinking behind the design is equally applicable to<br />
other large tanker designs and large bulk and ore carriers.<br />
New designs are emerging fast.<br />
Some are conceptual and might<br />
incorporate a number of the future<br />
fuel and engine technologies in<br />
previous pages. Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> has<br />
been working with designers and<br />
yards to help them verify and<br />
validate design performance while<br />
either maintaining or increasing<br />
safety and operational standards.<br />
Harnessing the wind<br />
Victoria Steamship’s commitment to a clean efficient future<br />
is demonstrated by its support for the environmental charity<br />
Greenwave. Out of that relationship, and after a lot of<br />
hard work, newbuildings currently under construction will<br />
feature energy saving measures such as ‘wind engines’ and<br />
streamlined hull and topsides.<br />
After a full scale prototype had been tested, and monitored<br />
with the results evaluated by Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>, the decision<br />
was made to proceed with full size application of four such<br />
wind engines (known as flettner rotors) on a 95K dwt bulk<br />
carrier under construction at Jiangsu Eastern with delivery<br />
due in May 2012.<br />
SHI – The Future is ‘Green’<br />
Samsung Heavy Industries’ (SHI) Koje Shipyard laid the keel in<br />
late December on the first ‘Green Future’ branded Suezmax that<br />
they will build. The key features applied consist of hydrodynamic<br />
improvements and enhanced performance in expected sea-going<br />
conditions using an advanced hull form, energy saving devices<br />
such as ‘Saver-Fins’, a ‘STAR’ Propeller and Rudder bulb as well<br />
as a more aerodynamic deckhouse. The Suezmax design energy<br />
saving and emission reduction benefits could reduce annual fuel<br />
oil costs by over $2 million at today’s bunker rates.<br />
“Based on the developed technologies, technical specification<br />
can be further discussed between HHI and the owners while<br />
giving options to the owners to choose sufficient developed<br />
technologies for their operational concepts to fit. Many<br />
owners have already shown interests when the ECO VLCC<br />
was marketed along with advanced technologies over the last<br />
few months.”<br />
J S Lee, Senior Vice President of<br />
Project Planning Department, HHI<br />
10<br />
11
<strong>Horizons</strong> <strong>supplement</strong> February 2012<br />
The technology revolution<br />
The techn l gy<br />
rev luti n<br />
Twenty-first-century technology is changing so<br />
rapidly that the need for safety devices and rule<br />
changes to protect owners and enhance operational<br />
performance has never been greater.<br />
The sheer speed, scale and invention<br />
of today’s products have set everhigher<br />
and more rigorous standards<br />
for owners and shipyards to absorb<br />
and follow.<br />
Which is where Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> comes in.<br />
Our Marine Technology Plan covers the<br />
key aspects of design and technology<br />
to give owners and shipyards the high<br />
level of safety and security that today’s<br />
high-tech innovations and engineering<br />
usually require.<br />
Taking a strategic view<br />
The importance of strategic research is<br />
vital. Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>’s Strategic Research<br />
Group provides the ability to respond to<br />
the medium and long term requirements<br />
of maritime industry stakeholders.<br />
A strategic vision<br />
In order to maximise the value of<br />
disparate research and technology<br />
development planning efforts that<br />
take place concurrently in many<br />
parts of the organisation, we have<br />
developed a forward looking strategic<br />
technology vision.<br />
The scale of the projects included in the<br />
Marine Technology Plan varies and can<br />
change as new products are developed.<br />
Here we summarise some of the projects<br />
detailed in our January <strong>Horizons</strong> magazine:<br />
we featured a group that ranges from<br />
computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to the<br />
human factors involved in the running of<br />
a ship.<br />
• What exactly is CFD It is an online<br />
alternative to the use of scale models<br />
to study and solve problems and faults<br />
on vessels and marine engineering<br />
products. Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>’s Technical<br />
Investigation Department uses CFD to<br />
analyse and assess the extent of, say, a<br />
damaged propeller or a rudder on a bulk<br />
carrier and, in many cases, predict the<br />
likelihood of the problem re-occurring.<br />
Owners have also used this sophisticated<br />
software to help trim their fuel bills.<br />
• A team from Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>’s Marine<br />
Product Development department is<br />
currently studying the IMO’s Energy<br />
Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) and how<br />
it can benefit owners of certain types of<br />
ship. Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> has been working<br />
closely with technology providers,<br />
owners and shipyards to enable us to<br />
support the verification of energy-saving<br />
technologies on ships.<br />
• The human element is involved in every<br />
stage of a ship’s lifecycle – from the<br />
training, recruitment and management<br />
of employees to the systems used on<br />
ships, the supply chains and the endusers.<br />
A Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> project looks<br />
at the interaction between the technical<br />
and the operational side of life on a<br />
vessel and how the study of human<br />
factors can improve this.<br />
• As technology changes and becomes<br />
more sophisticated, the need for sturdier<br />
fire and lifesaving equipment rules<br />
and standards in design and materials<br />
has become evermore crucial. Lloyd’s<br />
<strong>Register</strong> is studying the problems and<br />
accidents caused by poorly designed<br />
equipment. This will help us to establish<br />
rules and regulations for new technology<br />
to make sure it is fit for purpose.<br />
Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>’s technology teams<br />
Technical leadership, based on strategic<br />
research and development, is at the heart<br />
of Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>’s Marine ambitions.<br />
The ability to understand technology and<br />
its applications enhances our technical<br />
capability to maintain and support the<br />
industry as a leading Classification Society.<br />
Technology and investigation leadership<br />
Our global technology leaders provide the<br />
guidance and professional understanding<br />
in the key areas of hull structures,<br />
engineering systems, materials and<br />
welding, risk and electro-technical<br />
systems. As the heads of Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>’s<br />
global technical community within their<br />
specific disciplines, each oversees our<br />
internal governance framework to ensure<br />
technology is applied consistently by<br />
colleagues worldwide.<br />
Their work is vital in allowing and guiding<br />
the constant development and evolution of<br />
our technical capability.<br />
Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>’s Technical Leaders: (l-r)<br />
Ed Fort, Head of Marine Engineering<br />
Systems; Peter Thompson, Head of Hull<br />
Structures; Bernard Twomey, Head of<br />
Electrotechnical Systems; Vince Jenkins,<br />
Global Marine Risk Adviser; David<br />
Howarth, Chief Metallurgist and Global<br />
Head of Materials, Welding and NDE<br />
In November, Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> marked<br />
half a century in Korea and celebrated<br />
by holding the Korea 50-50 Forum for<br />
the Future – celebrating the last 50 but<br />
looking ahead at the next 50 years.<br />
Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>’s Chief Executive,<br />
Richard Sadler, spoke on the need<br />
for, ‘technology to be at the heart of<br />
solutions’ to the challenges that business<br />
and shipping faces. “Future society<br />
will have to be better educated about<br />
eco-efficiency”, he said. “Economists,<br />
engineers and academics will be central<br />
to new solutions” in our increasingly<br />
complex world.<br />
Southampton update<br />
By 2014 Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> will have occupied<br />
a brand new Group Technology Centre<br />
in Southampton. This will be the global<br />
headquarters for Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>’s Marine<br />
business, placing LR at the centre of a<br />
network of shipping industry research<br />
and development.<br />
The decision to choose Southampton<br />
centred on the existence of world-class<br />
marine engineering and naval architecture<br />
schools at Southampton University.<br />
The move to Southampton will be in<br />
parallel with plans to establish a Lloyd’s<br />
<strong>Register</strong> Group Technology Centre in<br />
Singapore – plans for which are well<br />
underway – that will focus on the<br />
Offshore sector.<br />
Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>’s Group headquarters<br />
– representing all of Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong>s<br />
activities – will remain in London.<br />
12<br />
3
Discover how<br />
Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong><br />
is supporting<br />
the industry<br />
with tomorrow’s<br />
challenges.<br />
Learn more about the future of shipping<br />
in this <strong>special</strong> <strong>supplement</strong><br />
Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> is a trading name of the Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> Group of<br />
entities. Services are provided by members of the Lloyd’s <strong>Register</strong> Group.<br />
For further details please see our website: http://www.lr.org/entities