LANGLEY FLYING SCHOOL Flight Training Handbook

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Flight Training Handbook Page 42 Langley Flying School, Inc. inadvertently selecting a seven in the first two digits of the display—Code 7700 is for emergencies, and 7600 is for a communications failure. 40 After you have finished your pre-takeoff checks, taxi your aircraft to the hold position and switch your radio to the Tower Controller’s frequency. Then check for any aircraft that might be on final approach for landing—if an aircraft appears on final approach, it is clear that you will not be given a clearance for takeoff and you might as well wait with your request until the aircraft has landed. If the approach appears clear, make your request for a takeoff clearance: Takeoff Clearance Pilot: “Langley Tower, ABC is ready for takeoff, request back-track.” Controller: “ABC, back-track approved. Cleared takeoff Runway 19.” Pilot: “Cleared takeoff Runway 19, ABC.” Notice that the “Golf” in GABC identifier is dropped—the controllers already have a record of your full identification following your first contact with the ground controller. Also, the request for a “back-track” is always made for Runway 19 departures at Langley Airport—this enables use to taxi back (reverse) along this runway to use the extra 100’ that is available. The back-track must be requested. Departures for Runway 01 do not require backtrack requests as the reverse manoeuvre is not required. Note, finally, that the takeoff clearance is always repeated back (or “read back” to the controller—this is a Langley Flying School rule intended to reduce the probability of students inadvertently taking off without a clearance—this could be a dangerous mistake as it is common for the controller to hold an aeroplane in position on the runway while helicopter traffic is cleared to cross over the runway. Here is an example of this “wait” clearance: Takeoff Clearance—Wait in Position Pilot: Controller: Pilot: “Langley Tower, ABC is ready for takeoff.” “ABC, taxi to position Runway 01 and wait. Helicopter traffic to cross the runway.” “To position and wait Runway 01, ABC.” Arrival Controller: “ABC, cleared takeoff Runway 01.” Pilot: “Cleared takeoff Runway 01, ABC.” On your first transmission inbound to the airport, simply say your aircraft type and aircraft registration. Once the controller acknowledges you, provide the controller with your position (remember to include your altitude) and be sure to provide an accurate description of your location and your intentions. Do not go into great detail (e.g. “I’m two and a half miles east of Ft. Langley near the ferry docks, indicating 22.7 DME on the 074 Radial on the Vancouver VOR”). 41 If the controller wants clarification, you will be asked. Here is an example: Pilot: “Langley Tower, this is Piper Cherokee GABC.” 42 40 ATC radar displays, and the associated software, are designed to set off an aural alarm whenever a “7” has been selected by the pilot (purposefully or accidentally) as the first digit of a transponder code. When this occurs, the controllers have to hit a reset button, and of course it can apparently become an irritation to them. There is lots of information in From the Ground Up regarding transponder operations and procedures (check the index at the back of this book). 41 Keep in mind, however, that there is nothing worse than inaccurate position reported—it is unnecessarily hazardous. If you are two miles south of 232 nd interchange, report your position as such—don’t advise the controller “Over 232 nd .” 42 We have simply written “GABC” in the above, but of course this should be voiced as “Golf Alpha Bravo Charlie” to make use of the phonetic alphabet. Notice too that the first letter—in this case “G” is dropped after the first exchange. Also note that the acknowledgement of a transmission by the pilot simply requires the repeating of the aircraft’s identifier. 2012 David L. Parry
Flight Training Handbook Page 43 Langley Flying School, Inc. Controller: Pilot: Controller: Pilot: Clearance Limit “Cherokee GABC, Langley Tower, go ahead.” “ABC is two miles East Ft. Langley 2,000’. Information CHARLIE 43 . Inbound for landing.” “Winds are one nine zero at five, altimeter two eight point nine four. Cleared Straight in Runway one nine. Report crossing the freeway.” “ABC.” When initially contacting the tower during an arrival, the tower will provide you with a “clearance limit,” which is simply the point relative to the airport to which you have been cleared. For example: Pilot: Controller: “Langley Tower, this is Piper Cherokee GABC . . . over Aldergrove at one thousand five hundred feet’. Information CHARLIE. Inbound for landing.” “ABC cleared Right Base, Runway one nine.” In this instance, the pilot has been cleared to join right base and this is his clearance limit. When the pilot arrives at the right base position (and it is assumed that he will begin a normal approach descent), the position of the aircraft must be reported to the controller: Pilot: Controller: Pilot: “ABC Right Base, one nine.” “ABC, Cleared to Land Runway one nine.” “Cleared to Land Runway one nine, ABC.” Notice that when the pilot reports reaching the initial clearance limit—in this case the right base position—the controller provides a new clearance limit—i.e., clearance to land on the specified runway. The controller, however, may not be able to provide you immediately with a landing clearance, in which case you will likely be advised additional information: Pilot: Controller: Pilot: “ABC Right Base, one nine.” “ABC, number 2 behind a Cessna on short final.” “ABC has the traffic (in sight).” In this example a landing clearance will be provided once the Cessna has cleared the runway. General Information When you transmit, be prepared to take down information provided by the controller. Controllers usually give you a clearance that specifies a destination and how you are to get there. For example: Controller: “ABC. Left Base 25. Maintain one thousand five hundred feet until advised.” Unless you are extremely familiar with procedures, this information should be written down—for example, LB 25 – 1500. 44 With all the concentration required for landings and departures, it is too easy to forget a basic instruction. Always have a paper and pencil at the ready. An IFR pilot is required to write down clearances for reasons of safety and it is a good habit for all pilots to develop. Anticipate what the controller will say. If you are getting a taxi clearance, you know he will provide routing information. If you are inbound, you know he will tell you the runway in use, circuit clearance, and an assigned 43 Information “CHARLIE,” representing the letter “C” in phonetics, refers to the fact that we have listened to the ATIS (Automatic Terminal Information Service) recording named Charlie and have received the current data regarding airport operations. Importantly, a good pilot always writes down the ATIS so as not to forget crucial information. After the ATIS is copied, the altimeter setting should be immediately updated— don’t defer this as you might forget. 44 For this and other reasons, a pilot should always have a notebook on hand—something that is small and will not get in the way in the somewhat cramped cockpit environment. 2012 David L. Parry
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LANGLEY FLYING SCHOOL Flight Training Handbook

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