Airport Runway Incursion Assessment

CASABLANCA Med-V AIRPORT
Moulay Hicham GUENOUN
Cpt, LRST member

Safety Level
No Statistics
Poor reporting Culture
Capacity Enhacement procedures
LRST GMMN

LRST GMMN

• A set of factors contributing to runway incursions was identified
from previous studies. The contributing factors were given a weight
reflecting their relative importance
• A set of counter measures has been identified that could help to
reduce the probability of incursions taking place
• ARIA was validated with success against data from a number of
European airports that covered a wide range of characteristics
• ARIA is primarily designed to assess the possibility of runway
incursions at civil European airports. The assessment has the
potential to be used for joint civil / military airports and airports
located outside of Europe
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• Factors with a large contribution to runway incursions are
assigned a higher weight than factors that have a small
contribution
• Factors increasing the possibility to have a runway incursion
will have negative weights; counter measures that reduce the
possibility to have a runway incursion will have positive weights
• The number of times the factor is counted is multiplied by the
weight assigned to the factor and the result is added to a
single overall index reflecting the possibility to have a runway
incursion at the airport being assessed.
LRST GMMN

The primary accident/incident databases used are:
• The NLR Air Safety Database,
• The FAA runway incursion database,
• Extracts from the Canadian Civil Aviation Occurrence Reporting System
(CADORS)
• Extracts from the UK CAA Mandatory Occurrence Reporting Scheme
(MORS)
• In the case of absence of useable data, expert judgement was used
to assign values to a contributory factor
LRST GMMN

The following factors are identified as potential risk multipliers to be
used in the assessment:
• Runway crossings
• Low visibility
• Darkness / twilight
• Mix of General aviation aircraft and commercial aircraft operations
• Snow and/or icing over surfaces covering airport surface markings
• Reflection of the sun on wet surfaces blinding the pilot
LRST GMMN

LRST GMMN

RMGA x (RMCROSS x RMVIS x RMNIGHT x TOTAL SECTION 1 + TOTAL SECTION 2-6)
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Comparison between historical runway incursion
rate and the index for European airports
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Results
•LOW SCORE indicates a low possibility to have a runway incursion,
score is equal to or greater than 0
• LOW-MEDIUM SCORE indicates a low to medium possibility to have a
runway incursion, the score is between minus -1 and minus -124
• MEDIUM-HIGH SCORE indicates a medium to high possibility to have a
runway incursion, the score is between minus -125 and minus -249
• HIGH SCORE indicates a higher possibility to have a runway incursion,
the score is greater than minus -250
LRST GMMN

GMMN assessment
The data source for that assessment was provided by
ONDA/DNA
• Hourly traffic volume : 30.
• Runway crossing operations : 20%.
• Ops in visibility less than 1500m : 4%.
• Ops in darkess and twilight : 25%.
• Ops by general aviation: 9%
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GMMN assessment
Basic contributing factors
Runway usage
• Departures on crossing RWY layout : -20
• Multiple RWY ops crossing : -55
• Multiple RWY ops closely spaced parallel RWY : -70
• Traffic volume factor (-0,0275*30*14) : -11,55
Total section 1 : -156,55
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GMMN assessment
2) Pilot/driver/controller communication
Com in two different languages : -55
Call sign confusion problems reported : -15
Total section 2 : -70
3) Airport
On going WIP : -15
Total section 3 : -15
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GMMN assessment
4) ATC
• Partially blocked line of sight from TWR to M/A. : -5
• Tower staffing problems or shortage in TWR controllers : -10
• Tower supervisors covering more than one position : -50
Total section 4 : -65
5) Ground vehicles
• Com on other R/T than aircrafts : -35
• No formal ICAO R/T driver training : -50
Total section 5 : -85
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GMMN assessment
Risk multipler
Value
Rmga 1,018
Rmcross 1,2
Rmvi 1,188
Rmnight 1,325
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GMMN assessment
Basic contributing Factor
Index
1-Runway usage -156,55
2-Pilot/diver/controller COM -70
3-Airport -15
4-ATC -65
5-Ground vehicles -85
Basic Numeric total
Rmga*[(Rmcross*Rmvis*Rmnight)*total 1 + total 2/5]
-540
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GMMN assessment
Basis risk reduction factors
Improvement
All weather sign conspicuity +15
Runway inspections in opposite
direction to traffic
+10
Continuous stop bar usage +50
Explicit procedure for RWY cross/ all
traffics same frequency
Adjusted Rmcross 1,089
GMMN ARIA SCORE -437
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LRST recommendations
Mitigating measure
Index variation
Fully integrate ANSP/Airport SMS +55
Procedure for conditional clearances +40
Ground Freq and increase in TWR staff +50
VHF for vehicles +35
Drivers ICAO R/T training +50
Restrict number of vehicle drivers +40
Procedure to handle lost vehicles
+25
Communications in english only +35
Total increase in score= +350 New ARIA Score= -87
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GMMN assessment
LRST suggestion:
Implement Digitised primary radar with secondary-surveillance radar
combined with multilateration subsistems with ADS-B
New ARIA Enhanced score : -30
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