Na Hang Nature Reserve, Tat Ke Sector - Frontier-publications.co.uk

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Na Hang Nature Reserve, Tat Ke Sector 1997 12.3.1.3 LUNG PANG CAMP; a Tay minority hamlet Lung Pang is a permanent camp situated in a valley at an elevation of approximately 800m asl. The camp consists of three households which moved to the site from Khau Tinh village in 1990, where their families are still based. The move was precipitated by a lack of agricultural land on which to crop maize. The houses are typical Tay minority style, and are manned all year round by the third generation of each family. Other family members stay at the camp during busy periods of the agricultural year and also visit to bring supplies. None of the houses have H.E.P., but use kerosene instead. 12.3.1.4 KHUOI BOC; a Hmong minority village The Hmong village of Khuoi Boc is situated on the hillside at an elevation of 800- 900m asl. No families could be interviewed. The village moved here in 1992 from Ba Be, Cao Bang Province. Authority to relocate the village from Na Hang has been given by the Tuyen Quang Province, although the date of the move depends on when the District Rangers Office can finance the project. Twelve families (population 78) with an average family size of 6.5 members live in the village. The houses are similar in style to those of the Dao; and only some have H.E.P. 12.3.2 Economic activity Levels of poverty are much higher among the mountain minority people than among the Kinh ethnic group (Van Cong, Nhan Dan Newspaper, 30/1/92). The majority of the population rely on advanced subsistence farming based on semi-intensive paddy rice production using draft for ploughing, fertilisers and pesticides. This is supplemented by maize, cassava, cotton production grown on slopes surrounding the villages and sugar cane, fruit trees and taro grown in gardens. Official statistics (Kiem Lam, unpublished data) state that there are 169 ha of cleared land, of which 76 ha is used to crop rice and 21 ha is used for other crops. Livestock are kept in a traditional way. The primary function is to provide draft power and manure for crop cultivation as low quality feed supplies restrict animal weights and therefore, the potential for meat. Grazing on common scrubland occurs and the animals are generally fed crop residues. Fish are also cultivated by some families with small ponds in their gardens. Frontier-Vietnam Environment Research Report 9 46
Na Hang Nature Reserve, Tat Ke Sector 1997 Agricultural statistics from the families interviewed are given in Figure 17. Figure 17. Summary agricultural statistics for three villages Village Rice Corn ha kg/ha kg/person ha kg/ha kg/person Tat Ke 4.5 1,671 1000 2.0 8,079 268.3 Na Tang 3.4 4,803 707 2.5 5,658 568.5 Lung Pang 0.5 569 355 0.7 4,367 316.7 12.3.3 Land Tenure According to the 'Law on Land' (1993) "Land is the property of the people and is subject to the exclusive administration by the state." (UNDP/FAO 1992-93). Under Decree of the Council of Ministers No. 327, 1992, "Master guidelines and policies to utilize unoccupied land, bare hilly areas, forests, denuded land and beaches and waterfront" (Smith, 1993), Tat Ke has been given the responsibility of protecting areas of forest. Each family interviewed has been assigned an area of forest by Kiem Lam for which they receive annual payments. The plots contain natural trees and bamboo in addition to newly planted trees. The families are given permission to collect dead wood and minor forest products from their respective plots. However, some families reported that their plots had been 'raided' by other families. Permission for residents to create new fields in forested areas is supposed to be sought from Kiem Lam. However, Kiem Lam reported that this regulation was not always followed and extensions to existing fields were difficult to monitor. 12.3.4 Use of, and dependence on, the forest Forestry can be defined as "the production and harvesting of forest products generally and not just the exploitation of of timber" (MacKinnon et al., 1986). Unauthorised forestry is illegal within the sector, although small scale domestic use is tolerated by Kiem Lam. 12.3.4.1 Hunting and fishing Gun and cross-bow ownership and the presence of hunting trophies (including barking deer and serow horns, wild pig skulls and silver pheasant feathers), in many of the houses suggest that hunting has occurred in the sector. When the owners were questioned about such matters they told us the guns were used to protect their crops and that such trophies were collected many years previously. However, we were told by the Tay that it is not uncommon for the Hmong minority to hunt wild animals using packs of dogs. One such case occurred in 1996 when a pack Frontier-Vietnam Environment Research Report 9 47
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Frontier Vietnam Environmental Rese
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Na Hang Nature Reserve, Tat Ke Sect
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Page 70 and 71: Appendix 1. Habitat; Plants Plant s
Page 72 and 73: Species Habitat Fertile Uses/Status
Page 86 and 87: stages SONNERATIACEAE 638. Duabanga
Page 94 and 95: FOREST TRANSECT 1 Key: Ac Ao Ar Cl
Page 96 and 97: FOREST TRANSECT 3 Key: Cl Clusiacea
Page 98 and 99: Appendix 3. Forest plot data
Page 100 and 101: Myrtaceae 4 1.081 3.60 8 1.250 4.66
Page 102 and 103: Nymphalidae 32. Cethosia biblis Dru
Page 104 and 105: Appendix 4b. Butterflies recorded a
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1 2 3 4 5 25 Opsarichthys uncirostr
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Appendix 6. Amphibians and Reptiles
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A B C Upupipae: Hoopoe 14. Hoopoe (
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A B C Subfamily Muscicapinae: Flyca
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7b. Formulation used for the assess
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Appendix 8. Key; A Identified from:
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Appendix 9. List of specimens Insec
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