Kim Hy Proposed Nature Reserve - Frontier-publications.co.uk

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2.2.4 Vegetation The natural climax vegetation of the Special Use Forest of Kim Hy proposed Nature Reserve as classified by Thai Van Trung (1978) is ‘lowland tropical evergreen forest on limestone’ and ‘low montane broadleaved evergreen forest’ equating to ‘forest on limestone’ and ‘sub-montane dry evergreen forest’ in the definitions developed by Mackinnon and Mackinnon (1986; 1997). The forest is composed of a mixed dominance of species and families, largely tropical/sub-tropical evergreen but also some deciduous and coniferous species. A summary of the main natural vegetation types found in the area, and the current classification used by the management authorities, is provided in Chapter 3. Frontier Vietnam Forest Research Programme Technical Report No.24. 23
3. VEGETATION 3.1 Introduction Vietnam's flora is composed of at least 8,000 vascular plant species (IUCN, 1986). Recent statistics put the known figure of plant species as 10,192 (Le Tran Chan et al., 1999), including cultivated and introduced species, though there is a consensus within Vietnam that the true figure is over 12,000. The geographical position of the country, together with the wide range of environmental conditions, allows a wide variety of floral elements to survive here. Three main elements can be distinguished, the Sino- Himalayan, Indian and Malesian elements (Whitmore & Grimwood, 1976). In addition to these there are endemic elements; 11.9 % of Vietnam’s currently known vascular plants are endemic (Le Tran Chan et al., 1999). Areas of particularly high botanical biodiversity in Vietnam were mapped by Schmid (1993). The forests of Vietnam have particular significance for the conservation of biodiversity of both plants and animals. The physical and biological characteristics of forest at any site are influenced by local climate, geology, altitude and topography (Whitmore, 1984), as well as biotic, human and historical factors. The varied topography characteristic of limestone tower karst areas combined with complex patterns of substrates (ranging from bare rock or talus and scree on outcrops to thick soil layers in valley floors) may also create a wide array of microhabitats in which edaphic factors such as water stress and nutrient availability bear a strong influence upon the development and distribution of vegetation communities present. The natural climax vegetation of Kim Hy proposed Nature Reserve as classified by Thai Van Trung (1978) is seasonal evergreen forest on limestone. This equates to forest on limestone according to the classification developed by Mac Kinnon and Mac Kinnon (1986). The aims of the fieldwork conducted during the 2001 Frontier-Vietnam survey were to describe the dominant forest types occurring within Kim Hy proposed Nature Reserve and to identify threatened assemblages and species occurring within the study area. 3.2 Methods 3.2.1 Forest Plots 3.2.1.1 Site selection Vegetation survey plots were established at nine locations (FPA-FPI) within the main block of limestone forest at Kim Hy. Eight of these are located within the boundaries of the proposed Nature Reserve, with one (FPI) located just outside the current boundaries, but inside the boundaries recommended by FREC. The purpose of surveying vegetation at FPI was to provide supporting data for this recommendation, in that the area is composed of the forest type that is broadly homogenous with the rest of the Kim Hy Frontier Vietnam Forest Research Programme Technical Report No.24. 24
Page 1 and 2: Frontier Vietnam Environmental Rese
Page 3 and 4: Frontier-Vietnam Forest Research Pr
Page 5 and 6: Institute of Ecology and Biological
Page 7 and 8: Administrative support for the impl
Page 9 and 10: CONTENTS Acknowledgements 1 List of
Page 11 and 12: 4.5.2.3 Results 61 4.5.3 Conservati
Page 13 and 14: Figures Fig 2.1 Summary of the find
Page 15 and 16: Detrimental activities such as ille
Page 17 and 18: Between 1961 and 1971, 2.6 million
Page 19 and 20: These remaining pockets of extant l
Page 21 and 22: Frontier Vietnam Forest Research Pr
Page 23 and 24: 2.1.4 Management The investment pla
Page 25 and 26: Lists of plants and animals in Kim
Page 27: Soil Type [N2VFHq]: Ferralitic soil
Page 31 and 32: 3.3 Results 3.3.1 Site description
Page 33 and 34: Frontier Vietnam Forest Research Pr
Page 35 and 36: Figure 3.5: Principle FIPI classifi
Page 37 and 38: 3.4.2 Description of forest types f
Page 39 and 40: sometimes blurred. Other middle sto
Page 41 and 42: scientific appraisal of Kim Hy in 1
Page 43 and 44: 3.5 Forest protection and threats t
Page 45 and 46: associated accommodation and limite
Page 47 and 48: 4. FAUNA 4.1 BUTTERFLIES (LEPIDOPTE
Page 49 and 50: provided here is exhaustive, and it
Page 51 and 52: 4.2 HAWK MOTHS 4.2.1 Introduction A
Page 53 and 54: 4.2.5 Conclusions Levels of species
Page 55 and 56: 4.3.3 Results A total of 6 anuran s
Page 57 and 58: 4.4 BIRDS 4.4.1 Introduction Vietna
Page 59 and 60: Asian barred owlet (Glaucidium cucu
Page 61 and 62: 4.5.1 Mammals: Bats 4.5.1.1 Aims an
Page 63 and 64: this information an extra satellite
Page 65 and 66: • The Mammal Tracks of Thailand.
Page 67 and 68: Interviews with Hunters: By far the
Page 69 and 70: This species has been described as
Page 71 and 72: Ursus thibetanus (Asiatic black bea
Page 73 and 74: collection of medicinal plants, cla
Page 75 and 76: Beyond the need for further fieldwo
Page 77 and 78: 5.2 Methodology Socio-economic surv
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5.4.1.3 Population movement and dis
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5.5 Infrastructure and access In ru
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5.7 Education 5.7.1 Introduction to
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Commune Teachers Pupils Ethnicity P
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5.7.3.2 Results: teacher interviews
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5.7.4 Discussion In Kim Hy and An T
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5.8.2 Paddy rice systems 5.8.2.1 In
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production have been essentially, i
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4) The introduction of a second har
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5.8.3.2 Maize cultivation Maize is
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5.8.4 Animal husbandry 5.8.4.1 Intr
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Frontier Vietnam Forest Research Pr
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5.9.2 Special Use Forest stewardshi
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3) The perceived costs and returns
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enrichment planting to help meet th
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Chapter 6: Discussion The proposed
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Thong district. Here, the populatio
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7. Recommendations These recommenda
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illion VND (FIPI, 1997; see Appendi
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3: Forest management practice The f
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1) A buffer zone for the Nature Res
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sustainable rates of fertility extr
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these schemes may require review, a
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Collar, N.J., Crosby, M.J., Statter
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Hill, M.J., Le Mong Chan., Harrison
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Nguyen Huy Dung and Vu Van Dung (19
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Udvardy, M. D. F. (1975) A classifi
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Araliaceae Araliaceae Asclepidiacea
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Myristicaceae Myrsinaceae Myrtaceae
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APPENDIX 2: VEGETATION DATA COLLECT
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FPE: No. Family No. Genera No. Stem
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FPI: No. Family No. Genera No. Stem
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35 Lethe philemon 2 2 36 Neope muir
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APPENDIX 4: SPECIES LIST FOR KIM HY
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APPENDIX 5: LIST OF BIRD SPECIES RE
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Striped Tit Babbler (Macronous gula
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Assamese macaque (M. assamensis)
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COMMUNE VILLAGE HOUSEHOLDS POPULATI
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APPENDIX 8: AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT IN
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Maize production (two seasons) by s
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