Breaking Down Barriers - National Women's Law Center
Breaking Down Barriers - National Women's Law Center
Breaking Down Barriers - National Women's Law Center
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The Scope of Title IX<br />
• The Supreme Court has repeatedly held that<br />
Title IX is broad in scope:<br />
– All programs of an institution that receives<br />
federal money are covered.<br />
Civil Rights Restoration Act of 1987, overturning<br />
Grove City College v. Bell (1984)<br />
– It prohibits employment discrimination in<br />
federally funded education programs.<br />
North Haven Bd. of Educ. v. Bell (1982)<br />
– It prohibits retaliation against anyone who<br />
protests sex discrimination and is punished for it.<br />
Jackson v. Birmingham Bd. of Educ. (2005)<br />
© 2009 <strong>National</strong> Women’s <strong>Law</strong> <strong>Center</strong> 17
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