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Power System Security Analysis With Renewable Energy ... - IIT Mandi

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Load Flow with AC-DC <strong>System</strong>s<br />

• Unified method<br />

- solution vector is extended with the dc<br />

variables<br />

- complex to program and hard to combine<br />

with developments in ac power flow solution<br />

techniques such as fast decoupled method<br />

• Sequential method<br />

- ac and dc equations are solved separately<br />

in each iteration<br />

- easy to implement, but convergence<br />

problems are there

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