How Do Solar Panel Work? A solar panel is a ... - Digital Consummate

How Do Solar Panel Work? 

A solar panel is a device that collects photons of sunlight, which are very small packets of 

electromagnetic radiation energy, and converts them into electrical current that can be used to power 

electrical loads. 

Using solar panels is a very practical way to produce electricity for many applications. The obvious 

would have to be off-grid living. Living off-grid means living in a location that is not serviced by the 

main electric utility grid. Remote homes and cabins benefit nicely from solar power systems. No longer 

is it necessary to pay huge fees for the installation of electric utility poles and cabling from the nearest 

main grid access point. A solar electric system is potentially less expensive and can provide power for 

upwards of three decades if properly maintained. 

Besides the fact that solar panels make it possible to live off-grid, perhaps the greatest benefit that 

you would enjoy from the use of solar power is that it is both a clean and a renewable source of 

energy. With the advent of global 

climate change, it has become 

more important that we do 

whatever we can to reduce the 

pressure on our atmosphere from 

the emission of greenhouse gases. 

Solar panels have no moving parts 

and require little maintenance. 

They are ruggedly built and last for 

decades when porperly 

maintained.Last, but not least, of 

the benefits of solar panels and 

solar power is that, once a system 

has paid for its initial installation 

costs, the electricity it produces for 

the remainder of the system’s 

lifespan, which could be as much as 

15-20 years depending on the 

quality of the system, is absolutely 

free! For grid-tie solar power 

system owners, the benefits begin 

from the moment the system comes 

online, potentially eliminating 

monthy electric bills or, and this is 

the best part, actually earning the 

system’s owner additional income 

from the electric company. 

The solar cells you would have seen on satellites, caculaters etc are photovoltaic cells or modules 

(modules are a collection of solar cells electrically connected and joined together in one frame). 

Photovoltaics, (photo = light, voltaic = electricity), convert the energy of sunlight directly into 

electricity. Originally expensive and only used in space, photovoltaics are now finding many 

applications on countless devices, buildings etc were ever remote or free and environmentally 

sustainable produced electricity is required. 

Photovoltaic (PV) cells are made of special materials called semiconductors like silicon, which is 

currently the most commonly used. Basically, when light shines on the solar cell a percentage of this 

solar energy is absorbed into the semiconductor material. This energy now inside the semiconductor 

knocks electrons loose allowing them to flow freely. PV cells also all have one or more electric fields

that force electrons freed by light absorption to flow in a certain direction. This flow of electrons is an 

electrical current. Metal contacts on the top and bottom of the PV cell draw that current off to use to 

power external electrical products such as lights, calculators etc. This current ,combined with the 

cell’s voltage (which is a result of its built-in electric field or fields),determines the power (or wattage) 

that the solar cell can produce. 

Solar panels collect clean renewable energy in the form of sunlight and convert that light into 

electricity which can then be used to provide power for electrical loads. Solar panels are comprised of 

several individual solar cells which are themselves composed of layers of silicon, phosphorous (which 

provides the negative charge), and boron (which provides the positive charge). Solar panels absorb the 

photons and in doing so initiate an electric current. The resulting energy generated from 

photonsstriking the surface of the solar panel allows electrons to be knocked out of their atomic orbits 

and released into the electric field generated by the solar cells. 

An average home has more than enough roof area for the necessary number of solar panels to produce 

enough solar electricrity to supply all of its power needs. Assisted by an inverter, a device that 

converts the direct current (or DC current), generated by a solar panel into alternating current (or AC 

current), solar panel arrays can be sized to meet the most demanding electrical load requirements. 

The AC current can be used to power loads in your home or commercial building, your recreational 

vehicle or your boat (RV/Marine Solar Panels), your remote cabin or home, and remote traffic controls, 

telecommunications equipment, oil and gas flow monitoring, RTU, SCADA, and much more.

How to test a Solar Panel? 

Most in the most people that need to set up solar panels at the roof of the properties consider that all 

they must do is set up them, however they overlook about assessment them after which if a little 

something won’t perform adequately they must phone for that installers once again and using this 

method they reduce time and get stressed. 

Solar panel assessment pertains to employing an amp meter at the panel. power is acknowledged for 

being measured in amperes. This factor may be accomplished with an amp meter. this kind of a 

equipment are heading to be connected towards bad and good terminals at the solar panel after which 

the panel are heading to be subjected towards sunlight. In purchase to guard by yourself from injuries 

and protected the amp meter from any destruction you really should 1st price the meter greater 

compared to solar panel is. The amp meter will present you on its display ‘the brief circuit current’. 

This are heading to be the level of electric present-day that 1 could assume out of your panels to give. 

OF program everything is established by how powerful was the sunshine so it can be indicted to 

conduct your solar panel assessment when there is ordinarily a complete sunshine outside. 

Besides employing an amp meter you’ll be in a position to decide the energy yield of your respective 

solar panel by employing an additional strategy that implies measuring the resistor’s voltage. because 

of this solar panel assessment process you’ll require a electronic multi-meter (that actions the DC 

voltage) and numerous 

resistors. subsequent to 

acquiring every one among 

the essential measurements 

you’ll be in a position to use 

this formulation for 

calculating the energy 

output: present-day equals 

Voltage / Resistance. 

subsequent to that 1 could 

constitute a overall 

performance graphic by 

plotting the energy output. 

solar panel assessment methods a DC electronic multi-meter. 

You really should also be 

mindful that a solar panel 

will transform the sunshine 

into DC (direct current) 

energy not AC energy as 

some may perhaps expect. it 

is why you require for that 

Watts are heading to be applied for measuring the energy the fact that solar panel produced for 

charging electric batteries as an example or for employing dwelling appliances. The formulation for 

calculating the energy is energy equals Voltage*Current. All you’ve still left to perform is continually to 

measure the amperage and voltage of your respective solar panel and plug the info to the equation. 

using this method you’ll know precisely when the solar panel are heading to be in a placement to 

include every one among the power you desired it to supply you once you made a decision to set up 

this kind of a factor on your own roof. 

You will even use a solar cost controller that could be designed for regulating the energy that could be 

brought through the solar panel towards rechargeable batteries. this kind of a controller has the intent 

of by-passing eventual overcharges also to present a very good power supply cost based at the

temperatures outside. apart from solar panel assessment you really should also analyze the very well 

working of the cost controller. 

If you consider you’ll be in a position to not conduct the solar panel assessment on your personal or you 

do not have time for that phone some panel installers and request them to perform this to match your 

needs because it may perhaps conserve you from numerous difficulty later on on.

How to Maintenance the Solar Panel? 

It is not uncommon for a remote site to be checked but once per year. Under most conditions, normal 

rainfall is sufficient to keep the Solar Panel glass clean. 

Clean the glass with a soft cloth using mild detergent and water. Solar Panel that are mounted, fiat ( 

0°tilt andle) should be cleaned more often, as they will not self-clean as effectively as Solar Panel 

mounted at a 15°tilt or greater. 

It is advisable to perform periodic inspection of the Solar Panel for damage to glass, backskin, frame 

and support structure. Check electrical connections for loose connections and corrosion. Check if 

mounting support structure and modules are loose. Check connections of cables, connectors, and 

grounding. Change Solar Panel must be the same kind and type, if need. Solar Panel can operate 

effectively without ever being washed, although removal of dirt from the front glass can increase 

output. The glass can be washed with a wet sponge or cloth, wear rubber gloves for electrical 

insulation. 

Solar Panel Safety precautions 

Solar Panel installation and operation should be performed by qualified personnel only. Children should 

not be allowed near the solar electric installation. 

Avoid electrical hazards when installing, wiring, operating and maintaining the module. Solar Panel 

produce DC electricity when exposed to light and therefore can produce an electrical shock or burn. 

Solar Panel produce voltage even when not connected to an electrical circuit or load. Solar Panel 

produce nearly full voltage when exposed to as little as 5% of full sunlight and both current and power 

increase with light intensity. Do not touch live parts of cables and connectors. As an added precaution, 

use insulated tools and rubber gloves when working with Solar Panel in sunlight. 

Fall of Solar Panel from high place will cause death, injury or damage. Do not drop Solar Panel or allow 

objects to fall on Solar Panel, never leave a Solar Panel unsupported or unsecured. If a module should 

fail, the glass can break a Solar Panel with broken glass cannot be repaired and must not be used.

When installing or working with Solar Panel or wiring, cover module face completely with opaque 

material to halt production of electricity. Solar Panel have no on/off switch. Solar Panel when exposed 

to sunlight generate high voltage and are dangerous, Solar Panel can be rendered inoperative only by 

removing them from sunlight, or by fully covering the front surface with opaque cloth, cardboard, or 

other completely opaque material, or by working with Solar Panel face down on a smooth, flat surface 

when installing or maintaining. 

Do not artificially concentrate sunlight on the Solar Panel. 

Solar Panel can produce higher output than the rated specifications. Industry standard ratings are made 

at conditions of 1000W/ and 25℃ cell temperature. Reflection from snow or water can increase 

sunlight and therefore boost current and power. In addition, colder temperatures can substantially 

increase voltage and power. 

Solar Panel are intended for use in terrestrial applications only, thus excluding aerospace or maritime 

conditions or use with sunlight concentration. 

It is recommended that the Solar Panel remains packed in the box until time of installation. 

Work only under dry conditions, with a dry Solar Panel and tools, since sparks may be produced, do not 

install Solar Panel where flammable gases or vapors are present. 

Do not drill holes into Solar Panel frame as it will void warranty. Solar Panel ate constructed frame as 

it will void warranty. 

Handled with care, if the front glass is broken or if the polymer backskin is tom, contact with any 

module surface or the frame can produce electrical shock. Particularly when the Solar Panel is wet, 

broken or damaged modules must be disposed of properly. Do not disassemble, bend, impact by sharp 

objects, walk on, and throw or drop etc. keep back surface free from foreign objects. Avoid sharp 

edges. 

Use Solar Panel for its intended function only follows all Solar Panel manufacturers’ instructions. Do 

not disassemble the module, or remove any part or label installed by the manufacturer. Do not treat 

the back of the Solar Panel with paint or adhesives. 

If not otherwise specified, it is recommended that requirements of the latest local, national or regional 

electrical codes be followed. 

Retain this installation manual for future reference. 

Notes 

The electrical characteristics are within ±5 percent of the indicated values of Isc, Voc, and Pmax under 

standard test conditions (irradiance of 100mW/¡2, AM 1.5 spectrum, and a cell temperature of 

25℃(77°F). 

Under normal conditions, a photovoltaic Solar Panel is likely to experience conditions that produce 

more current and/or voltage than reported at standard test conditions. Accordingly, the values of Isc 

and Voc marked on this module should be multiplied by a factor of 1.25 when determining component 

voltage ratings, conductor ampacities, fuse sizes, and size of controls connected to the PV output.

How to install and wire Solar panel? 

Solar panels can lower your energy costs and are rather easily installed, with a little construction and 

electrical knowledge. Here’s how to do it. 

Solar panels will be the aspect of the solar power product that in fact gathers the power from your sun. 

The panels are developed up of 

photovoltaic tissue that transform the 

sun’s power to immediate existing power 

that is often applied for heating system or 

to energy appliances. The power is then 

sent straight to an appliance or other 

device, or is saved inside a power supply 

lender for long term use. Panels commonly 

measure around 1.5 ft by three feet, and 

can provide about 75 watts of power if 

situated in total sun. 

Typically the panels are installed around 

the roof of the building. However, they is 

often installed over a stand-alone rack if 

necessary. one of the most crucial thing to 

consider is just how much sunshine the 

panel are certain to get while in the area 

you choose. Solar panels drop effectiveness easily in even a partially shaded location, so go with a area 

that receives total sunshine for as prolonged as achievable each and every day. The panels ought to be 

oriented for the to the south if whatsoever possible. The 2nd most effective preference would be to 

deal with the panels for the west or east, but you are heading to have to take advantage of additional 

panels in purchase to acquire identical level of energy. never ever deal with the panels for the north. 

Be positive to acquire any important setting up permits just before setting up the panels. examine 

together with your community setting up or zoning department to locate out what are the needs are 

with your community. if you occur to don’t have the permits just before the set up or don’t total the 

set up in accordance with community setting up codes, you may likely be forced to tear out all of your 

very hard operate and commence again. 

The panels ought to be tilted to attain the optimum level of sun. The stage of tilt is dependent around 

the latitude at which they may be installed. Panels set up at 0 to 15 degrees latitude really should have 

a very 15-degree tilt. Panels set up at 15 to twenty five degrees latitude really should have a very tilt 

that could be the very same since the latitude. For each and every supplemental 5 degrees of latitude 

as much as 40 degrees, include an added five degrees of tilt for the latitude. At latitudes of 40 degrees 

and above, include twenty degrees of tilt for the latitude. Mounts ought to be inserted about 48 inches 

aside and ought to be situated straight on major of the rafter, if whatsoever possible. If a rafter just 

isn’t accessible with the mount site, the mount is often connected to some prevent of wooden inserted 

around the underside for this roof. don’t attach the mount straight for the plywood sheathing for this 

roof. locate rafters using a stud finder. preserve the mounts inside a right line, utilizing a laser beam 

sight or probably a chalk line. Drill a hole using a pilot little bit to insure that which you don’t 

separation the rafter. Then protected the bottom for this mounts for the roof, utilizing stainless metal 

lag bolts. Thread the submit for this mount into its base. make positive to spot roof flashing throughout 

each and every mount to avoid leaks while in the roof. up coming fasten steel rails for the mounts with 

stainless metal bolts. total the racking product by connecting aluminum solar racks for the steel rails. 

Make positive how the finished rack product will grant the solar panels being no much less than 3 to 6 

inches away the roof. The panels will run additional effectively if there’s sufficient airflow below and 

close to them.

Solar panels may likely be preassembled in groups. This can make the set up less complicated and 

quicker, as there are actually much less person models to cope with up around the roof. protected the 

solar panels for the racking product while using restraining hardware provided while using panels. each 

and every maker has their individual hardware, particularly constructed for his or her individual panels. 

analyze the panels to produce positive that they may be anchored securely. Make positive how the 

together the solar panel and also the racking methods are effectively grounded in accordance while 

using community electric codes. 

Interconnect the solar panels by starting the junction penalty area around the back again of each and 

every panel and attaching the wires for the correct good and unfavorable terminal screws while in the 

box, getting clear of one-half inch of insulation from your finishes for this wires first. The wire will 

operate involving panels as a result of the knockouts in each and every box. operate the wire from your 

last panel to some distinct array junction box. The wire is then operate as a result of electric conduit 

for the up coming electric aspect for this system, this type of since the cost controller. near all 

junction boxes. Your solar panel array really should grant *you several many years of satisfying service.

What is Difference between monocrystalline polycrystalline and Amorphous thin film solar cell? 

1. Difference between crystalline and amorphous? Daily to see the solid is divided into two major 

categories of non-crystalline and crystalline, non-crystalline arrangement of atoms within the material 

is not necessarily the law of the fracture when the fracture is random, such as plastic and glass, and 

called the crystal material, represent the natural shape of a regular polyhedron, with obvious edges 

and corners with the plane, the atom is in accordance with its internal law must line up neatly, so 

when they break off the plane according to certain, such as salt, crystal and so on. 

2. Difference between monocrystallie and polycrystalline? Some of the crystal is composed of many 

small grains, if the arrangement between the grains are no rules, this is called polycrystalline crystal, 

such as copper and iron. But there are also the crystal itself is a complete large grains, the crystal is 

called single crystal, crystal and crystal diamond. 

3. Monocrystalline silicon and polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic cells compare? Monocrystalline 

silicon cells with a cell conversion efficiency, good stability, but the cost is high. Low-cost 

polycrystalline silicon cells, the conversion efficiency slightly lower than the Czochralski silicon solar 

cells and materials in a variety of defects such as grain boundaries, dislocations, micro-defects, and 

material impurities carbon and oxygen, as well as the stained process transition metals. 

The first is the advent of solar cell silicon solar cells. Silicon is very abundant on the earth, an element 

almost everywhere have the presence of silicon can be said to be used without silicon to make solar 

cells, indeed no shortage of raw materials. But it is not easy to extract, so people in the production of 

monocrystalline silicon solar cells, they also studied the polycrystalline silicon solar cells and 

amorphous silicon solar cells, has commercial-scale production of solar panel, also did not jump out of 

silicon series. In fact, the semiconductor materials for manufacture of solar cells a lot, along with the 

development of industrial materials, solar cells will be more and more varieties. Research and trial 

production has been the solar cell, in addition to silicon series, there are cadmium sulfide, gallium 

arsenide, copper indium selenium and many other types of solar cells, too numerous to mention, the 

following are a few of the more common solar cells. 

Monocrystalline silicon solar cells 

Monocrystalline silicon solar cells is currently the fastest developing a solar cell, its composition and 

production technology has been finalized, the products have been widely used for space and ground 

facilities. The high purity single crystal silicon solar cells as the raw material rod, 99.999% purity. In 

order to reduce production costs, and now solar terrestrial applications such as the use of solar-grade

silicon rods, material performance has been relaxed. Some semiconductor devices can also be used for 

processing materials and discard ends of silicon materials, solar cells made by re-drawing a dedicated 

silicon rods. The slice of silicon rods, generally 0.3 mm thick slices. Wafer after forming, polishing, 

cleaning and other processes, made of silicon raw material to be processed. Solar cell processing chip, 

the first doping and diffusion in silicon, usually for the small amount of boron dopant, phosphorus, 

antimony and so on. Diffusion is the control into the quartz furnace for high temperature diffusion. And 

then using screen printing will be printed with a good paste made of silicon gate line, after sintering, 

also made of the back electrode and a gate line in the face of anti-reflection coating source, to 

prevent a large number of photons reflected from a smooth silicon surface, thus, single-chip silicon 

solar cells are produced. After single-chip random testing, according to the required specifications can 

be assembled into solar modules (solar panels), the method used in series and parallel to a certain 

output voltage and current, and finally with the framework and package materials package. According 

to the system user can design different size solar module solar cell composed of a variety of square, 

also known as the solar array. Current silicon photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cells is about 

15%, laboratory results have more than 20%. Also for the space station up to 50% or more solar panels. 

Polycrystalline silicon solar cells 

Monocrystalline silicon solar cell production requires large amounts of high-purity silicon material, the 

production of these materials, process complexity, power consumption drastically, the total cost of 

solar cell production has been over half, combined with the silicon rod was drawn cylindrical, sliced 

wafer production solar cells is to form a solar module surface low utilization rate. Thus, 80 years, some 

European and American countries, the development into a polycrystalline silicon solar cells. 

Polycrystalline silicon solar cells using current materials, mostly a collection contains a lot of single 

crystal particles, or silicon materials from waste materials and metallurgical grade silicon melt molded. 

The process is to select a resistivity of 100 to 300 ohms? Cm block of material or a polycrystalline 

silicon material end to end, after crushing, with the 1:5 mixture of hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid 

corrosion appropriate, and then spent neutral-ionized water rinse and drying. Quartz crucible installed 

polysilicon materials, the addition of appropriate amount of boron in silicon, release the casting 

furnace, heating and melting in a vacuum state. Melted insulation should be about 20 minutes, and 

then injected into the graphite mold, to be cooled slowly solidified, that have polysilicon ingot. The 

ingots can be cast cubes to be processed into square slices film solar cells can improve material 

utilization and easy assembly. Polycrystalline silicon solar cells and solar cell production process is 

similar to the photoelectric conversion efficiency of about 12%, slightly lower than the silicon solar 

cells, but the material is simple, to save power consumption, the total production costs low, so get a 

lot of development. As the technology was improved, the current conversion efficiency of 

polycrystalline silicon can also be reached around 14%. 

Amorphous silicon solar cells 

Amorphous silicon solar cells appeared in 1976 with a new thin film solar cells, monocrystalline and 

polycrystalline silicon solar cells it with the production method is completely different, very little 

silicon material consumption, lower power consumption, very attractive. Method of manufacturing a 

variety of amorphous silicon solar cells, the most common is the glow discharge method, as well as 

reactive sputtering, chemical vapor deposition, electron beam evaporation and thermal decomposition 

of silane method. Glow discharge method is a Dan Yingrong device pumped into vacuum, hydrogen or 

argon gas filled diluted silane, with the RF power heating, ionization of silane to form a plasma. 

Deposition of amorphous silicon film on the substrate being heated. If the silane were mixed in the 

amount of hydrogenated or hydrogenated boron phosphate can be N-or P-type amorphous silicon film. 

Substrate materials are generally made of glass or stainless steel. Preparation of amorphous silicon thin 

film technology which depends mainly on the strict control of pressure, flow rate and RF power, the 

temperature of the substrate is also very important. The structure of amorphous silicon solar cells 

there are different, which has a structure called the PiN better battery, it is first deposited on the 

substrate N-type layer of amorphous silicon doped with phosphorus, and then deposited a layer of

undoped i layer, and then deposited a layer of P-type boron-doped amorphous silicon, and finally a 

layer of electron beam evaporation of antireflection coatings, and deposition of silver electrodes. This 

production process, a series of deposition chamber can be used in production form a continuous 

process to achieve mass production. Meanwhile, the thin amorphous silicon solar cells can be made into 

laminated type, or use to manufacture integrated circuits in a plane, with the appropriate mask 

technology, a production of multiple batteries in series to obtain higher voltage . Because the average 

crystalline silicon solar cells around a single voltage of 0.5 volts, and now the production of amorphous 

silicon tandem solar cells in Japan up to 2.4 volts. The current problem is that of amorphous silicon 

solar cell conversion efficiency is low, the international advanced level of about 10%, and is not stable 

enough, often decline down conversion efficiency of the phenomenon, so not a lot of use for largescale 

solar power, but mostly with in low light power, such as pocket electronic calculators, electronic 

watches and clocks and copier and so on. Failure to overcome the drop in efficiency issues, the 

amorphous silicon solar cells will promote the great development of solar energy, because its low cost, 

light weight, easier application, it can be combined with the housing of the roof form independent 

power of households. 

In the fierce sun, single crystal solar panels can be transformed more and more non-crystal-type solar 

energy to electricity more than doubled, but unfortunately, the price of single crystal type of noncrystal-like 

than the two or three times more expensive, and in the case of non-cloudy Instead, the 

crystal-type transistor can be almost as much to collect solar energy.

Solar Panel Mounting 

For home solar arrays, we generally recommend mounting solar panels at the top of a sturdy pole. This 

is called a pole top mount. They are easy to install. They keep the panels off the ground and out of 

harm’s way but are easy to adjust and to reach for snow removal. Yes, when the snow stops falling and 

the sun comes back out, you want to be able to sweep the snow off those panels. So think about where 

you place them, how far they are from the house, and how high up they are. 

A pole top mount can be either fixed, which means it holds the panel stationary, or it can move, or 

track, with the sun. A solar panel mount that allows the panel to move with the sun is called a tracker. 

Fixed Racks can include Ground Mounting, Roof Mounting, Pole-Side Mounting, Boat/RV Mounts, as 

well as Pole Top Mounting. All trackers are mounted on poles, and so are technically pole top mounts. 

The pole of a pole top mount must be anchored in the ground by digging a hole and filling it with 

concrete. The size of hole in diameter is usually 18 inches to 2 feet (18 inches plus the diameter of the 

pole). The depth of the hole must be 1/2 of the height of the pole above ground. If the pole will be 7 

feet above ground, you have to dig a 3 1/2 foot hole. 

The placement of your solar panels, whatever kind of mounting system you are using, can make a huge 

difference in the amount of electricity you are able to produce. Be very careful not to place your 

panels in an area that is shaded by trees or buildings or any other object. Note carefully that the 

shadow made by your house moves at least 22 feet farther to the south in the winter. If you place your 

panels within that distance, you’ll be very disappointed during those short winter days.

We have three types solar panel mounting: 

Pitch Roof mounting look neat, but are hard to reach to adjust the angle. Will you want to walk across 

your roof several times a year to adjust the angle? Does it snow often? Will you have to walk across a 

slippery roof to sweep snow off the panels? Is the slope of the roof you want to use good for optimum 

solar panel efficiency or will you need tilt legs to face your panels more perpendicular to the sun? 

Pole Mounting are designed to hold 1 to 4 modules and are mounted to the pole with either hose 

clamps or U-bolts (not provided). The racks accommodate different sized poles and are adjustable for 

optimal sun angle from 15 to 65 degrees in 10-degree increments. Pole size is determined by the 

number of modules to be mounted. 

Ground Mounting are probably the easiest way to mount solar panels. This mount resembles an Aframe. 

It safest to attach this structure to a cement slab so that it may be secured in place. Ground 

mounts are designed to handle from 1 to 8 solar modules. Ground mounts can be used to attach solar 

panels to the ground, to a roof and or to a vertical surface. Some ground mounts have tiltable, or 

adjustable legs; others are fixed. Optional adjustable tilt legs are available for several of the styles of 

panels Wholesale Solar sells. 

¢: Pitch roof solar mounting 

Rooftop solar mounting system apply for all kinds of pitch roof of any building. Solar panel can fastened 

onto the top flute of our patented solar mounting rail. L-feet connects with the bottom of the rail, 

which mounted firmly to the roof. Install flashing over a layer of shingles to insure water resistance. A 

single wrench is enough for the installation procedures. Detailed installation manual ensure an easy 

and smooth installation. 

Specification: 

• Design Wind Load: 55m/s or 200km/hour 

• Design Snow Load: 1.5kn/m2 

• Steel structure: Anodized Aluminum + Stainless Steel 

• reference standard: AS/NZ 1170.2 

• Installation site:Pitch root 

• Guarantee: Ten years guarantee on parts

1.We use L-feet for tin roof and hook for tile-roof to connect the rack structure with the rafters of the 

roof. 

2.At the installation site we do not require welding, and even have no need to drill a hole, just using 

the electrical locks and wrenches and other simple tools to complete the installation. This simplify the 

traditional installation procedure, we will manage to preassemble the screws and nuts before shipment 

to reduce on-site installation procedures and labor intensity. Eliminate the differences in degree of 

on-site professional installation and degree of impact on the quality of the roof support system. 

3.Utilization of the anodized aluminum, stainless steel, anti-aging UV process to ensure the longer life 

span of our solar technology and solar tracking. 

£: Ground Solar Panel Mounting: 

Ground Solar Panel Mounting is suitable for flat roofs of various structures or for the ground. One end 

of the cross-beam is connected firmly with the ground structure by base bracket and hex-bolts and the 

another end is connected to the support leg forming a stable and strong tripod structure. The 

connecting foot is made up of stainless steel to enhance the load bearing capacity. Stainless steel itself 

has a good physical and chemical mechanical performance, service life can reach more than 30 years.


Design Wind Load¤55m/s or 200km/hour 

Design Snow Load¤1.5kn/m2 

Steel structure: Anodized Aluminum + Stainless Steel 

Reference standard: AS/NZ 1170.2 

Installation site: Flat roop or Ground 

Guarantee: Ten years guarantee on parts 

: Pole Solar Panel Mounting ¥ 

Pole system is designed for up to 1.5kw panel mounting system, with the wind load up to 200km/h. 

This panel mounting system is suited for large photovoltaic system installation in all wind zones. This 

solar mounting system can adjust the tilt angle according to the requirement of the installation place. 

There is no need to welding in the complete installation process. According to our manual instruction, 

you can install the solar modules easily, quickly, securely and cost efficiently.


Design Wind Load¤55m/s 

Design Snow Load¤1.5kn/m2 

Steel structure¤Hot dipped galvanized steel + Anodized Aluminum 

Reference standard¤AS/NZ 1170.2 

Tracker type¤Fixed 

Tilt angle¤0°— 60° 

Guarantee¤Ten years guarantee on parts 

1. Convenient and quick installation. The use of bolted connections eliminates drilling and welding 

process automatically reducing the operating time. 

2. Mounting rack structure uses hot dip galvanized steel parts which gives a good external 

appearance(silvery white) and also has good corrosion resistance.Under natural conditions, it can be 

used for 20-30 years. 

3. Batteries components are made up of aluminum alloy treated with anode oxidation process which 

makes the appearance of smooth and bright. Since this material is same as panel frame, it can 

decrease metal corrosion phenomena mutually. 

4 Holding component( bolts ,screws) are made of stainless steel bolts, stainless steel itself has a good 

physical and chemical mechanical properties, its service life span can reach more than 30 years.

Ground Solar Panel Mounting System 

Ground Solar Panel Mounting System For Safe 

Installation Work 

This manual contains critical information regarding 

electrical and mechanical installation and safety 

information which you should know before starting 

installation. 

CAUTIONS REGARDING INSTALLATION OF 

GRACESOLAR 

►Stop working duringunder storms, typhoons, 

hurricanes, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and 

other adverse weather and natural disaster 

situations. 

►Never step or sit on the glass surface of a solar module. The glass may break, resulting in shock or 

bodily injury. The module may also stop generating power. 

►Please strictly abide by height safety regulation in high-attitude operation 

►Please strictly abide by live working safety norms in line operation 

►Please strictly abide by heat work safety regulation in heat work operation 

►Always use the specified tools. The solar modules or mounts may fall if the installation is not strong 

enough, for example when parts are not tightened sufficiently. 

►Please strictly in accordance with the requirements of this manual for installation. 

►Installation Steps 

►Fix the pole as demonstrated. Install the main beam by Φ30 Pin. Install the adjustable part by 

Φ20pin(Picture 4) One end attached to pole, the other end attached to main beam. 

►Place the supporting beam on the main beam, fix it with M8 hex screws. 

►Install the 4040 conjunctions. With M8 screw go in through the hole on the supporting beam. Install 

all the conjunctions in this way. Keep all the conjunction face one side 

►Place the rails on the supporting beam. The rail is attached to the conjunction. 

Note¤Rails connected by splice kit. 

►Place the first module of the bottom row. Slide the end clamp tightly against the solar panel and 

fasten it. 

Note¤The rail should leave a space 25mm-30mm¤ 

of 

►Slide the next module against the installed module. Fasten the mid clamp. Install other modules and 

clamps in this way. Keep module even. 

The angel could be adjustable by the adjustable parts by changing its position to the main beam.

Pole Top Solar Panel Mounting System 

Pole Top Solar Panel Mounting System 

This manual contains critical information 

regarding electrical and mechanical installation 

and safety information which you should know 

before starting installation. 


GRACESOLAR 

►Stop work during stormy weather. Solar 

modules can be caught in the wind, causing you 

to fall. 

►Never step or sit on the glass surface of a 

solar panel. The glass may break, resulting in shock or bodily injury. The module may also stop 

generating power. 

►Always use the supplied parts to attach the solar modules and mounts. Use of weaker parts, such as 

screws that are too short, is dangerous and may cause the solar modules or mounts to fall. 



►Do not modify or cut parts. Doing so is dangerous. Safety cannot be guaranteed. 

►Product should be installed and maintained by qualified personnel. Keep unauthorized personnel 

away from solar modules 

Installation Steps 

►Determine the position of leg positions in the beginning. 

►The distance between each leg pair L1 equals to the length of Supporting Pipe 

►Installation of the angle iron onto the legs. 

►Put Supporting Pipe onto the front leg/rear leg, Fixed it with U-bolts. 

►Firstly put rails on the supporting pipe. 

►Note: the position of the rails. 

► Installation of the splice to connect multiple rails together. Slide the splice on the rear side of the 

pre-assembled rails. Fasten the first bolt firmly. Then slide the next rail into the splice. 

►Installation of the rails. Fix the rail with U bolt kit. 

►Install all the rails onto the supporting pipe. 

►Place the first module of the bottom row. Slide the end clamp tightly against the module and fasten 

it. Install the end clamp and mid clamps.

►The edge of solar panel to the rail 25mm-30mm¤ 

distance: 

►Installation of clamps¦ 

the 


clamps in this way. Keep module even. 

►Install all the panels. Finished.

Pitched Roof Racking Solar Panel Mounting System Installation Manual 

For Safe Pitched Roof Racking Solar Panel Mounting System Installation Work 

This manual contains critical information 

regarding electrical and mechanical 

installation and safety information which 

you should know before starting 

installation. 


GRACESOLAR 

►Stop work during stormy weather. Solar 

panel can be caught in the wind, causing 

you to fall. 

►Never step or sit on the glass surface of a 

solar module. The glass may break, 

resulting in shock or bodily injury. The 

module may also stop generating power. 

►Always use the supplied parts to attach the solar modules and mounts. Use of weaker parts, such as 

screws that are too short, is dangerous and may cause the solar modules or mounts to fall. 



►Do not modify or cut parts. Doing so is dangerous. Safety cannot be guaranteed. 

►Product should be installed and maintained by qualified personnel. Keep unauthorized personnel 

away from solar modules 

POINTS TO CHECK 

►Determine the wind loads for the installation site. Check with your local building and safety 

department for the specific requirements. Make certain that the roof structure can support the live 

and dead loads resulting from the installation of the PV array. 

►Install solar modules facing south, if possible. Installations facing east and west are also possible, 

although the amount of power generated will be lower. 

Installation Steps 

►Determine the position of the roof hooks according to your design. 

►The roof hook must not press against the roof tile. Place it flat. If necessary, shim the roof hook with 

wood. 

If necessary, use an angle grinder or hammer to cut a concavity in the tile that covers the roof hook at 

the point where the roof hook comes through. (Caution! Must not use fixed roof hook as a ladder, as 

this extreme point load could damage the tile below. 

►Installation of the rails on roof hooks. Your rails consist of different length, always begin with the 

shortest piece. Install the rails on the roof hooks loosely at first, using T-screw. 

►Installation of Clamps

Installation of the splice to connect multiple rails together. Slide the splice on the rear side of the preassembled 

rails. Fasten the first bolt firmly. Then slide the next rail into the splice. When comes 

together, fasten the other bolt. The connection is finished. An expansion gap at the rail joints is 

suggested. Leave a gap about a finger width. 

►Place the first module of the bottom row. Slide the end clamp tightly against the module and fasten 

it. Install the end clamp and mid clamps. 

►Clamp Installation 


clamps in this way. Keep module even.

Solar Charge Controller 

A Solar charge controller, or solar regulator is 

similar to the voltage regulator in your car. It 

regulates the voltage and current coming from the 

solar panels going to the battery. Most “12 volt” 

panels put out about 16 to 20 volts, so if there is no 

regulation the batteries will be damaged from 

overcharging. Most batteries need around 14 to 14.5 

volts to get fully charged. 

Not always, but usually. Generally, there is no need 

for a Solar charge Controller with the small 

maintenance, or trickle charge panels, such as the 1 

to 5 watt solar panels. A rough rule is that if the panel 

puts out about 2 watts or less for each 50 battery 

amp-hours, then you don’t need one. 

We offer high quality and cheap price PWM Solar 

Charge Controller and MPPT Solar Charge 

Controller. There has JUTA, EP and Cinco series 

Solar Charge Controller.Such As, CMP12, 

CM3024Z, CM5024Z, MPPT-10,MPPT-20, MPPT- 

30, EP solar controller LandStar, SeaStar and 

ViewStar, And Tracker MPPT Solar Controller.all 

above types solar controller are widely sell over 50 

countries. 

How do the Solar Charge Controller Work? 

For example, a standard flooded golf car battery is 

around 210 amp-hours. So to keep up a series pair of 

them (12 volts) just for maintenance or storage, you would want a panel that is around 4.2 watts. The 

popular 5 watt panels are close enough, and will not need a controller. If you are maintaining AGM 

deep cycle batteries, such as the Concorde Sun Xtender then you can use a smaller 2 to 2 watt panel. 

What is the different from PWM and MPPT Solar Charge Controller? 

• PWM Solar Charge Controller: 

Quite a few charge controls have a “PWM” mode. PWM stands for Pulse Width Modulation. PWM is often 

used as one method of float charging. Instead of a steady output from the controller, it sends out a 

series of short charging pulses to the battery – a very rapid “on-off” switch. The controller constantly 

checks the state of the battery to determine how fast to send pulses, and how long (wide) the pulses 

will be. In a fully charged battery with no load, it may just “tick” every few seconds and send a short 

pulse to the battery. In a discharged battery, the pulses would be very long and almost continuous, or

the controller may go into “full on” mode. The controller checks the state of charge on the battery 

between pulses and adjusts itself each time. 

• MPPT Solar Charge Controller: 

MPPT solar charge controller schematic, A maximum power point tracker (or MPPT) is a high efficiency 

DC to DC converter which functions as an optimal electrical load for a photovoltaic (PV) cell, most 

commonly for a solar panel or array, and converts the power to a voltage or current level which is more 

suitable to whatever load the system is designed to drive. 

The most basic solar charge controller simply monitors the battery voltage and opens the circuit, 

stopping the charging, when the battery voltage rises to a certain level. Older charge controllers used a 

mechanical relay to open or close the circuit, stopping or starting power going to the batteries. 

More modern charge controllers use pulse width modulation (PWM) to slowly lower the amount of 

power applied to the batteries as the batteries get closer and closer to fully charged. This type of 

controller allows the batteries to be more fully charged with less stress on the battery, extending 

battery life. It can also keep batteries in a fully charged state (called “float”) indefinitely. PWM is 

more complex, but doesn’t have any mechanical connections to break. 

The most recent and best type of solar charge controller is called maximum power point tracking or 

MPPT. MPPT solar controllers are basically able to convert excess voltage into amperage. This has 

advantages in a couple of different areas. 

Most solar power systems use 12 volt batteries, like you find in cars. (Some use other voltages and the 

same advantages apply to these systems as well.) Solar panels can deliver far more voltage than is 

required to charge the batteries. By, in essence, converting the excess voltage into amps, the charge 

voltage can be kept at an optimal level while the time required to fully charge the batteries is 

reduced. This allows the solar power system to operate optimally at all times. 

Another area that is enhanced by an MPPT charge controller is power loss. Lower voltage in the wires 

running from the solar panels to the charge controller results in higher energy loss in the wires than 

higher voltage. With a PWM charge controller used with 12v batteries, the voltage from the solar panel 

to the charge controller typically has to be 18v. Using an MPPT controller allows much higher voltages 

in the wires from the panels to the solar charge controller. The MPPT controller then converts the 

excess voltage into additional amps. By running higher voltage in the wires from the solar panels to the 

charge controller, power loss in the wires is reduced significantly. 

MPPT charge controllers are more expensive that PWM charge controllers, but the advantages are 

worth the cost. If you can afford it, you should definitely use an MPPT solar charge controller. 

The final function of modern solar charge controllers is preventing reverse-current flow. At night, when 

solar panels aren’t generating electricity, electricity can actually flow backwards from the batteries 

through the solar panels, draining the batteries. You’ve worked hard all day using solar power to 

charge the batteries, you don’t want to waste all that power! The charge controller can detect when 

no energy is coming from the solar panels and open the circuit, disconnecting the solar panels from the 

batteries and stopping reverse current flow.

¢: JUTA Series Solar Charge Controller 

Model No 

Max Load 

Current 

Output Volatge Work Model Application Other Information 

CMP 3A 1A or 3A 6V or 12V PWM Solar Lamp Light and timer Sensor 

CMP 6A 6A 12V 24V Auto Switch PWM Solar System 



CM3024Z 30A 12V 24V Auto or 48V PWM Solar System LCD 

CM5024Z 50A 12V 24V Auto or 48V PWM Solar System LCD 

MPPT-05 5A 12V or 24V MPPT Solar Lamp Light and timer Sensor 

MPPT-10 10A 12V or 24V or 48V MPPT Solar System LCD 

MPPT-20 20A 12V or 24V or 48V MPPT Solar System LCD 

MPPT-30 30A 24V MPPT Solar System LCD

: EP Series Solar Charge Controller £ 

Model No 

EPRC10- 

ST 

EPRC10- 

MF 

Max Load 

Current 

Output Volatge 

Work 

Model 

Application Other Information 

5A,10A 12V 24V Auto Switch PWM Solar Lamp Light and Timer Sensor 

10A 12V 24V Auto Switch PWM Solar Lamp Light and Timer Sensor,Waterproof 

EPIP20-2L 15A,20A 12V 24V Auto Switch PWM Solar Lamp Light and Timer Sensor,Two Load 

EPIP20-DB 10A,20A 12V 24V Auto Switch PWM Solar Lamp Light,timer,Dual Battery,Meter 

EPHC10- 

ST 

5A,10A 12V 24V Auto Switch PWM Solar System 

EPIP20-H 15A,20A 12V 24V Auto Switch PWM Solar System 

EPIP30 20A,30A 12V 24V Auto Switch PWM Solar System LCD display 

EPIP602 30A,40A,50A,60A 12V 24V, 24V 48V Auto PWM Solar System LCD display 

EPIP603 30A,40A,50A,60A 12V 24V, 24V 48V Auto PWM Solar System LCD display 

IPS48 100A,200A 48V PWM Solar System LCD display

NEW EP Series Solar Charge Controller 

Model No 

Max Load 

Current 

Output Volatge 

Work 

Model 

Application Other Information 

Tracer 10A 10A 12V 24V Auto Switch MPPT Solar System 1206 60V/1210 100V/1215 150V 



LS0524 5A 12V 24V Auto Switch PWM Solar System 




LS0524R 5A 12V 24V Auto Switch PWM Solar Lamp Light and Timer Sensor 




LS1024RD 10A 12V 24V Auto Switch PWM Solar Lamp Light and Timer Sensor,dual Load 



LS1024RP 10A 12V 24V Auto Switch PWM Solar Lamp Light,Timer Sensor,Waterproof 

LS1524RP 15A 12V 24V Auto Switch PWM Solar Lamp Light,Timer Sensor,Waterproof

LS2024RP 20A 12V 24V Auto Switch PWM Solar Lamp Light,Timer Sensor,Waterproof 

LS1024RPD 10A 12V 24V Auto Switch PWM Solar Lamp Light,Timer,Waterproof,Dual Load 



LS1024S 10A 12V 24V Auto Switch PWM Solar System Surface mounting 



SS1024 10A 12V 24V Auto Switch PWM Solar System Aluminum case,Moisture Proof 



SS1024R 10A 12V 24V Auto Switch PWM Solar Lamp Light and Timer Sensor,Moisture Proof 



VS-24V 10A-60A 12V 24V Auto Switch PWM Solar System LCD Display 

VS-48V 10A-60A 12V 24V 36V 48V Auto PWM Solar System LCD Display

What is Solar Charge Controller? 

What is Solar Charge Controller? 

A Solar Charge Controller (also known as a charge 

controller) is used in conjunction with a stand alone (off 

grid) system, or a grid connect solar power system that 

incorporates a backup battery bank. For a grid connect 

solar power system that doesn’t use batteries, a Solar 

Charge Controller is not needed. 

A Solar Charge Controller is a small box consisting of 

solid state circuitry which is placed between a solar 

panel and a battery. Its function is to regulate the 

amount of charge coming from the panel that flows into 

the deep cycle battery bank in order to avoid the batteries being overcharged. A regulator can also 

provide a direct connection to appliances, while continuing to recharge the battery; i.e. you can run 

appliances directly from it, bypassing the battery bank; but the batteries will continue to be 

charged.Modern Solar Charge Controllers are very efficient and will outperform just about any 3 stage 

mains power battery charger. 

How to Choose Solar Charge Controller? 

To determine the size regulator you’ll require, check the amp ratings of your solar panels and add 

those figures up and that will give you the minimum size regulator you’ll need – or you can use our 

system builder tool which will tell you the size you’ll need based on various selections. 

When selecting a Solar Charge Controller, it’s important to also look ahead – if you think you’ll be 

adding to your system, it pays to buy a regulator rated as high as possible, which can save you money 

when you add additional solar panels. 

Some Solar Charge Controllers include a Low Voltage Disconnect (LVD) feature. This monitors the 

battery level and will disconnect any load connected to the battery if the voltage drops to a point 

where continued draw can cause permanent battery damage. This feature is a great protection for your 

deep cycle battery investment as a battery that has been discharged too deeply will have a far shorter 

serviceable life. 

How to maintenance Solar Charge Controller? 

A Solar Charge Controller requires no maintenance aside from regular checks of the wired in 

connections to see that they are tight and corrosion free. A Solar Charge Controller should be mounted 

out of direct sunlight and in an area where there is decent air flow. While the Solar Charge Controllers 

of today are extremely robust; performance and serviceable life will suffer in extreme heat. 

As an additional safety mechanism to protect the regulator, your batteries and appliances, plus reduce 

fire risk, it’s wise to place an appropriately rated fuse between the solar panel and the regulator.

What is MPPT Solar Controller? 

What is MPPT Meaning ? MPPT meaning:MPPT Meaning maximum power point 

MPPT Meaning maximum power point tracker is a high efficiency DC to DC converter that presents an 

optimal electrical load to a solar panel or array and produces a voltage suitable for the load.most 

commonly for a solar panel or array, and converts the power to a voltage or current level which is more 

suitable to whatever load the system is designed to drive. 

Panel tracking – this is where the solar panels 

are on a mount that follows the sun. The most 

common are the Zomeworks and Wattsun. 

These optimize output by following the sun 

across the sky for maximum sunlight. These 

typically give you about a 15% increase in 

winter and up to a 35% increase in summer. 

This is just the opposite of the seasonal 

variation for MPPT Solar Controller. Since 

panel temperatures are much lower in winter, 

they put out more power. And winter is usually 

when you need the most power from your solar 

panels due to shorter days. 

Maximum Power Point Tracking is electronic 

tracking – usually digital. The charge controller 

looks at the output of the solar panel, and 

compares it to the battery voltage. It then figures out what is the best power that the panel can put 

out to charge the battery. It takes this and converts it to best voltage to get maximum AMPS into the 

battery. (Remember, it is Amps into the battery that counts). Most modern MPPT’s are around 93-97% 

efficient in the conversion. You typically get a 20 to 45% power gain in winter and 10-15% in summer. 

Actual gain can vary widely depending weather, temperature, battery state of charge, and other 

factors. 

Grid tie systems are becoming more popular as the price of solar drops and electric rates go up. There 

are several brands of grid-tie only (that is, no battery) inverters available. All of these have built in 

MPPT. Efficiency is around 94% to 97% for the MPPT conversion on those.

What Advantage of MPPT solar controller? 

In any applications which PV module is energy source, MPPT solar controller is used to correct for 

detecting the variations in the current-voltage characteristics of solar cell and shown by I-V curve. 

MPPT solar controller is necessary for any solar power systems need to extract maximum power from 

PV module; it forces PV module to operate at voltage close to maximum power point to draw maximum 

available power. 

MPPT solar controller allows users to use PV module with a higher voltage output than operating 

voltage of battery system.For example, if PV module has to be placed far away from charge controller 

and battery, its wire size must be very large to 

reduce voltage drop. With a MPPT solar controller, 

users can wire PV module for 24 or 48 V (depending 

on charge controller and PV modules) and bring 

power into 12 or 24 V battery system. This means it 

reduces the wire size needed while retaining full 

output of PV module. 

MPPT solar controller reduces complexity of system 

while output of system is high efficiency. 

Additionally, it can be applied to use with more 

energy sources. Since PV output power is used to 

control DC-DC converter directly. 

MPPT solar controller can be applied to other 

renewable energy sources such as small water 

turbines, wind-power turbines, etc. 

Compare to the PMW solar controller: The most PWM Solar controller simply monitors the battery 

voltage and opens the circuit, stopping the charging, when the battery voltage rises to a certain level. 

Older charge controllers used a mechanical relay to open or close the circuit, stopping or starting 

power going to the batteries.Traditional Solar Inverters perform MPPT for an entire array as a whole. In 

such systems the same current, dictated by the inverter, flows though all panels in the string. But 

because different panels have different IV curves, i.e. different MPPs this architecture means some 

panels will be performing below their MPPT, resulting in the loss of energy.

How Do Solar Street Light Work? 

The solar street lights work on the principle of 

the photovoltaic cell or solar cell. The solar cell 

converts solar energy to the electrical energy 

which is stored in the battery. The solar lamp 

draws the current from this battery and it 

requires no other wiring. 

The solar street lights use solar energy, a form of 

the renewable energy. These days it is common 

to see the solar street lamps along the sides of 

roads. The solar street lights comprise of the 

photovoltaic cells, which absorb the solar energy 

during daytime. The photovoltaic cells convert 

solar energy into electrical energy, which is 

stored in the battery. At the nighttime the lamp 

starts automatically and it consumes the electricity already stored in the battery. During the day time 

the battery gets recharged and the process keeps on repeating every day. 

Models of Solar Street Lights 

1) Sodium Vapor Lights: The sodium street lights use sodium in excited state to discharge the light. 

These lights comprise of the solar panels that absorb the solar energy during daytime, which is 

converted into electricity and stored in the batteries. At nighttime the sodium lamps consume 

electricity from rechargeable battery. There is no wiring required for these lamps, there are no 

electricity bills to be paid, they are very safe and can light the streets from 4 to 12 hours depending on 

the size of the solar panels and battery. The sodium solar street lights can be used for lighting streets, 

public places, residential areas, parks, plaza etc. 

2) Solar LED lights: LED stands for light emitting diode. LED comprises of the chemical compound that 

gives of the light when direct current (DC) from the battery passes through it. Solar LEDs are available 

from number of companies in different sizes, shapes and styles. The life of LED is usually very high 

extending up to 50,000 hours. The LEDs require very little current hence the solar panels of smaller 

sizes are required for the solar lights with LED lamps. 

3) Solar Light Controller : Solar lights using induction technology: In this technique the lamps used in 

the solar lights do not contain the filament or the electrodes that tend to get damaged faster, thus 

ensuring very high life of the lamp. The life of the lamp in solar street lights based on induction 

technology can be more than 10, 0000 hours, which is almost 100 times the life of the incandescent 

lamps. These results in lower maintenance and electrical costs and fewer disturbances caused to the 

traffic on the road. Since these lights are based in induction technology, they generate lesser heat, 

thus permitting the use of aluminum reflectors that increases the intensity of the light produced by the 

lamp.

Solar Street Light Install User Manual 

1. knowleage solar street light 

solar street light components and working 

principle Solar street light was composed mainly 

by solar module, intelligent controller, 

maintenance-free batteries, light source, such as 

light poles and structural components. The 

working principle of solar street light are solar 

cell components of solar radiation during the day 

will be converted into electrical energy, 

maintenance-free batteries to charge the battery 

to the evening by the light source to provide 

electricity load, the light source automatically 

when in the dark. Intelligent controller for 

storage battery over-charge and over-discharge, 

had put the protection, and the open time and 

switch time of the light source for control. 

2. foundation pouring 

1).To determine the location of floor lamp; 

reconnaissance geological conditions, if one meter of surface are soft soil, it should deepen the depth 

of excavation; At the same time, the location of the following excavation to confirm there are no other 

facilities (such as cables, pipes, etc.).There is no long time shading objects at the top of street lamps, 

or want to replace the location appropriately. 

2). In the legislature reserved the location of the lamp (excavation) in line with the standard one cubic 

meter pit ; for pouring position to the embedded parts. Embedded parts placed in the pit to the 

middle, PVC pipe threading on the end pieces are embedded between the other end on the storage 

battery (as shown). Embedded parts to keep the foundation and the original ground surface at the 

same level (or screw the top and at the same level as the original ground surface, according to the 

venue may be necessary), there is the side parallel with the road; so the poles were erected in order to 

ensure that after the correct without deviation. Then fixed in C20 concrete pouring, pouring out the 

process of vibration or shock stick to ensure that the overall compactness, solidity. 

3). Construction completed and timely clean-up position on the board of residual mud residue and 

impurities in waste oil cleaning bolt on. 

4).Concrete solidification process, it is necessary to conserve water from time to time; to be 

completely concrete solidification (typically more than 72 hours), in order to install the chandelier. 

3. the installation of solar panel 

1).battery positive and negative output components connected to the solar regulator at the former 

have to take measures to avoid short-access; 

2). solar cell components with support to connect to a solid and reliable; 

3).components of the output line should avoid exposure, and firmly tie bar; 

4). the battery components to be heading towards the south in order to compass point to prevail.

4. the battery is installed 

1).When the battery box under the control of light using light have to take to prevent the damaged 

control box;. 

2). Between the battery cable bolt pressure must be at the terminal on the battery and the use of 

copper pad to enhance the conductivity. 

3). Output line connected to the battery under any circumstances after the ban on short then, to avoid 

damage to the battery. 

4).The output line of batteries and the controller poles must be linked through the PVC pipe threading. 

5). The above is completed, check the controller side of the wiring to prevent short circuit. Well after 

the normal clearance of the door control box. 

5. lamp installation 

1). For each part of the fixed components: solar panels at solar panels fixed on solar Panel Mounting, 

lamp holder fixed to the pick arm, and then pick stent arm and fixed to the main bar, and cable into 

control box to wear (battery box). 

2) Lifting the poles before to check whether the strong parts of fasteners, lamp installation is correct, 

whether it is normal for light work. And in the simple normal debugging system; release controller 

cable on solar panels, light work; cable connected to solar panels, lights out; controllers 

simultaneously on careful observation of changes in the indicator; all belong to the normal before 

lifting installation. 

3). Lifting the main poles, the attention to safety precautions; screws fastening the absolute 

good,components angle towards the sun such as the wrong point of view, end up required to adjust its 

direction towards south. 

4) The battery into the battery boxes will be in accordance with the technical requirements of 

connecting lines connected to the controller; to access the battery, making the load, and then take the 

solar panels; cable operator must pay attention to when the connection with the controller on each of 

the terminals marked Then should not mistake, positive and negative poles of the collision should not, 

should not take anti-; otherwise, the controller will be damaged. 

5) Normal debugging system; release controller cable on solar panels, lights; cable connected to solar 

panels, lights out; controllers simultaneously on careful observation of changes in the indicator; all 

belong to the normal, well before closure control box. 

6. Solar street light Notes 

Star solar responsible to provide users with the installation of street light and solar power to provide 

technical services and advice. If the user to install light at the ground, paying attention to the matter 

as follows: 

1, Solar street lights to solar radiation energy, radiation in the optical components on the battery if 

sufficient sun lamps light a direct impact on results, so the installation of light at select locations, the 

battery components at any time be able to have exposure to sunlight, and shelter materials, such as 

non-leaves.

2. When threading wire must not pay attention to the folder of the connection at the poles. Wire 

connections should be firmly connected and entangled with PVC adhesive tape. 

3. When used, in order to ensure the appearance and the battery components to better reception of 

solar radiation, you clean a battery every six months on the dust components, but not bottom-up rinse 

water. 

4. With the products of any questions, please contact us directly.

How Do Solar Panel Work? A solar panel is a ... - Digital Consummate

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