How Do Solar Panel Work? A solar panel is a ... - Digital Consummate

silicon rods, material performance has been relaxed. Some semiconductor devices can also be used for
processing materials and discard ends of silicon materials, solar cells made by re-drawing a dedicated
silicon rods. The slice of silicon rods, generally 0.3 mm thick slices. Wafer after forming, polishing,
cleaning and other processes, made of silicon raw material to be processed. Solar cell processing chip,
the first doping and diffusion in silicon, usually for the small amount of boron dopant, phosphorus,
antimony and so on. Diffusion is the control into the quartz furnace for high temperature diffusion. And
then using screen printing will be printed with a good paste made of silicon gate line, after sintering,
also made of the back electrode and a gate line in the face of anti-reflection coating source, to
prevent a large number of photons reflected from a smooth silicon surface, thus, single-chip silicon
solar cells are produced. After single-chip random testing, according to the required specifications can
be assembled into solar modules (solar panels), the method used in series and parallel to a certain
output voltage and current, and finally with the framework and package materials package. According
to the system user can design different size solar module solar cell composed of a variety of square,
also known as the solar array. Current silicon photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cells is about
15%, laboratory results have more than 20%. Also for the space station up to 50% or more solar panels.
Polycrystalline silicon solar cells
Monocrystalline silicon solar cell production requires large amounts of high-purity silicon material, the
production of these materials, process complexity, power consumption drastically, the total cost of
solar cell production has been over half, combined with the silicon rod was drawn cylindrical, sliced
wafer production solar cells is to form a solar module surface low utilization rate. Thus, 80 years, some
European and American countries, the development into a polycrystalline silicon solar cells.
Polycrystalline silicon solar cells using current materials, mostly a collection contains a lot of single
crystal particles, or silicon materials from waste materials and metallurgical grade silicon melt molded.
The process is to select a resistivity of 100 to 300 ohms? Cm block of material or a polycrystalline
silicon material end to end, after crushing, with the 1:5 mixture of hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid
corrosion appropriate, and then spent neutral-ionized water rinse and drying. Quartz crucible installed
polysilicon materials, the addition of appropriate amount of boron in silicon, release the casting
furnace, heating and melting in a vacuum state. Melted insulation should be about 20 minutes, and
then injected into the graphite mold, to be cooled slowly solidified, that have polysilicon ingot. The
ingots can be cast cubes to be processed into square slices film solar cells can improve material
utilization and easy assembly. Polycrystalline silicon solar cells and solar cell production process is
similar to the photoelectric conversion efficiency of about 12%, slightly lower than the silicon solar
cells, but the material is simple, to save power consumption, the total production costs low, so get a
lot of development. As the technology was improved, the current conversion efficiency of
polycrystalline silicon can also be reached around 14%.
Amorphous silicon solar cells
Amorphous silicon solar cells appeared in 1976 with a new thin film solar cells, monocrystalline and
polycrystalline silicon solar cells it with the production method is completely different, very little
silicon material consumption, lower power consumption, very attractive. Method of manufacturing a
variety of amorphous silicon solar cells, the most common is the glow discharge method, as well as
reactive sputtering, chemical vapor deposition, electron beam evaporation and thermal decomposition
of silane method. Glow discharge method is a Dan Yingrong device pumped into vacuum, hydrogen or
argon gas filled diluted silane, with the RF power heating, ionization of silane to form a plasma.
Deposition of amorphous silicon film on the substrate being heated. If the silane were mixed in the
amount of hydrogenated or hydrogenated boron phosphate can be N-or P-type amorphous silicon film.
Substrate materials are generally made of glass or stainless steel. Preparation of amorphous silicon thin
film technology which depends mainly on the strict control of pressure, flow rate and RF power, the
temperature of the substrate is also very important. The structure of amorphous silicon solar cells
there are different, which has a structure called the PiN better battery, it is first deposited on the
substrate N-type layer of amorphous silicon doped with phosphorus, and then deposited a layer of