case study: lng conversions of heavy equipment in - HHP
case study: lng conversions of heavy equipment in - HHP
case study: lng conversions of heavy equipment in - HHP
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CASE STUDY: LNG<br />
CONVERSIONS OF HEAVY<br />
EQUIPMENT IN USE AT<br />
LANDFILLS / MRF’S<br />
DAVID BOLDEROFF
Introduction<br />
• Who we are<br />
• Heavy Equipment LNG Conversion<br />
Project<br />
• Refuel<strong>in</strong>g Options / Issues<br />
• Successes & Problems
Los Angeles County<br />
Sanitation Districts<br />
• LACSD consist <strong>of</strong> 23 <strong>in</strong>dependent special<br />
districts serv<strong>in</strong>g about 5.4 million people <strong>in</strong><br />
Los Angeles County.<br />
• Service area covers approximately 815<br />
square miles and encompasses 78 cities<br />
and un<strong>in</strong>corporated territory with<strong>in</strong> the<br />
county.<br />
• Manage both wastewater and solid waste<br />
disposal assets.
Los Angeles County<br />
Sanitation Districts<br />
• Wastewater: Approx.1,400 miles <strong>of</strong> ma<strong>in</strong><br />
trunk sewers, 50 pump<strong>in</strong>g plants, and 11<br />
wastewater treatment plants convey and<br />
treat about half the wastewater <strong>in</strong> Los<br />
Angeles County.
Los Angeles County<br />
Sanitation Districts<br />
• Solid Waste: Provide about one-third <strong>of</strong><br />
the countywide solid waste management<br />
needs. LACSD operate:<br />
‣ 3 X Sanitary Landfills<br />
‣ 3 X Landfill Gas-to-Energy Facilities<br />
‣ 3 X Materials Recovery/Transfer Facilities<br />
‣ 2 X Refuse-to-Energy Facilities<br />
‣ Develop<strong>in</strong>g Waste-by-Rail Project
LNG Conversion Project<br />
Initial Pilot Project 2003:<br />
• 1993 Caterpillar 966F II Wheel Loader<br />
• Removed CAT 3306 Diesel Eng<strong>in</strong>e<br />
• Installed CAT ACERT C10 Dual Fuel Eng<strong>in</strong>e<br />
• Work completed by Qu<strong>in</strong>n Company<br />
(Local Caterpillar Dealership)<br />
Clean Air - Electronic Control Unit<br />
• Still <strong>in</strong> Operation Today (Approx. 9,000hrs)
Before Conversion
The Conversion Process
After Conversion<br />
Table<br />
CHART LNG<br />
Tank (97 GAL)<br />
260HP & 5.2 G/HR<br />
Gas Detection<br />
System<br />
CAT C10<br />
ACERT T2<br />
Dual Fuel<br />
Eng<strong>in</strong>e<br />
New Eng<strong>in</strong>e<br />
Cool<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Package
The Cost<br />
TOTAL PROJECT COST: $154,200<br />
SCAQMD GRANT FUNDING: - $137,800<br />
COST TO LACSD: $16,400<br />
FUEL SAVINGS OVER 9,000 HRS<br />
~ $23,400 or 17%
Application (MRF)
Further Work<br />
Dur<strong>in</strong>g 2004-05 sent the follow<strong>in</strong>g<br />
<strong>equipment</strong> through the Caterpillar<br />
Certified Rebuild Program (CCRP), which<br />
<strong>in</strong>cluded repower<strong>in</strong>g & conversion to LNG:<br />
• 4 X CAT 966F Wheel Loaders and<br />
• 2 X CAT 824C Wheel Dozers
NEXGEN LNG<br />
Tank (150 GAL)<br />
Gas Detection System<br />
CAT C12<br />
ACERT T2<br />
Dual Fuel<br />
Eng<strong>in</strong>e<br />
CAT 824C Wheel Dozer<br />
330HP & 12 G/HR
The Cost<br />
Incremental Cost Difference<br />
(<strong>in</strong> lieu <strong>of</strong> rebuild<strong>in</strong>g exist<strong>in</strong>g eng<strong>in</strong>e)<br />
CAT 966F Wheel Loaders $93,300<br />
SCAQMD GRANT FUNDING: - $70,300<br />
COST TO LACSD: $13,000<br />
CAT 824C Wheel Dozers $102,300<br />
SCAQMD GRANT FUNDING: - $ 95,500<br />
COST TO LACSD: $ 6,800
LNG<br />
2<br />
Picture 1: LNG Dispenser<br />
1<br />
Picture 2: LNG tanks and LNG<br />
conversion to CNG device<br />
• Liquid Natural Gas (LNG) current price $2.66 DGE
CNG<br />
• Compressed Natural Gas (CNG). These pictures<br />
show the CNG side <strong>of</strong> the fuel<strong>in</strong>g facility. Current<br />
price $2.20 GGE.
Secondary Refuel<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Module with 4 X 150 GAL<br />
Tanks<br />
Total # Compact
Issues with Mobile Refueller<br />
• Slow process as mobile refueller relied<br />
on pressure differentials (no pump)<br />
• Could not measure quantity <strong>of</strong> LNG<br />
dispensed<br />
• Vent<strong>in</strong>g <strong>of</strong> gas from <strong>equipment</strong> tanks<br />
and mobile refueller (loss <strong>of</strong> $$$)<br />
• Ma<strong>in</strong>tenance cost ($3,200 for<br />
replacement hose and nozzle)
Ma<strong>in</strong>tenance Issues<br />
• Overfill<strong>in</strong>g LNG Tanks<br />
• Moisture <strong>in</strong> System<br />
• Cost <strong>of</strong> Components<br />
• Still Utilized 20-50% Diesel Fuel for<br />
Pilot Ignition (Need right application)<br />
• LNG station reliability<br />
• Availability <strong>of</strong> skilled & knowledgeable<br />
technicians
Successes<br />
• Good Public Relations<br />
• Fuel Sav<strong>in</strong>gs<br />
• Credits with California Air Resource Board
Thank You.