AC Coupling Small Wind Turbines Off-Grid - Small Wind Conference
AC Coupling Small Wind Turbines Off-Grid - Small Wind Conference
AC Coupling Small Wind Turbines Off-Grid - Small Wind Conference
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<strong>AC</strong> <strong>Coupling</strong> <strong>Small</strong> <strong>Wind</strong> <strong>Turbines</strong><br />
<strong>Off</strong>-<strong>Grid</strong>
Original DC Coupled System<br />
•48V<br />
•4400W<br />
Inverter/Charger (I/C)<br />
•740ah Battery<br />
•2.5kW <strong>Wind</strong><br />
•2.5kW Tracked PV
DC Coupled<br />
Pill<br />
Box<br />
DC Coupled<br />
Yurt
Ranch Expansion<br />
Ranch Expansion<br />
• Water Pumping for Cattle Operation<br />
• Bakery & Pico Brewery<br />
At Limits of Original System
DC Coupled<br />
Pill<br />
Box<br />
DC Coupled<br />
Yurt<br />
DC Coupled<br />
Power<br />
House<br />
Bakery<br />
DC Coupled
2 nd DC Coupled System<br />
•48V<br />
•8,800W I/C<br />
•1,780ah Battery<br />
•2.5kW <strong>Wind</strong><br />
•3.2 kW PV
New System<br />
otherpower.com Workshop<br />
May 2012
Down with the Old/Up with the New
The Road to <strong>AC</strong> <strong>Coupling</strong><br />
• The Need to Combine<br />
New and Old System<br />
• Large <strong>AC</strong> Loads<br />
• I/C with Frequency<br />
Shifting New to the<br />
Market
<strong>AC</strong> <strong>Coupling</strong><br />
• GTI Latches onto 240V<strong>AC</strong>-60 Hz Produced from I/C<br />
• Loads & Energy Sources are Coupled More Closely<br />
• Excess Energy is Pushed Back thru I/C to Battery
<strong>AC</strong> Coupled<br />
Pill<br />
Box<br />
<strong>AC</strong> Coupled<br />
Yurt<br />
DC Coupled<br />
Power<br />
House<br />
Bakery<br />
<strong>AC</strong> Coupled<br />
DC Coupled<br />
<strong>AC</strong> Coupled
Combined <strong>AC</strong>/DC Coupled System<br />
48V<br />
17,600W I/C<br />
1,780ah Battery<br />
12’ <strong>Wind</strong> Turbine DC Coupled<br />
12’ <strong>Wind</strong> Turbine <strong>AC</strong> Coupled<br />
3.2 kW PV DC Coupled<br />
7.5 kW PV <strong>AC</strong> Coupled
Magnum Energy PAE<br />
Inverter/Charger
Regulating Strategies<br />
•Diversion Loads<br />
•Frequency Shift<br />
•Monitoring and<br />
Controlling Loads
Diversion Loads
Frequency Shift<br />
• Frequency Shift to<br />
60.5 Herz @ 4V<br />
above Absorb....<br />
GTI's go <strong>Off</strong>line per<br />
UL 1741<br />
• Frequency Shift Back<br />
to 60.0 ish Herz @ 4V<br />
below Absorb.....GTI's<br />
Back Online
Monitoring and Controlling Loads<br />
•Domestic Hot Water Pre-Heat<br />
• Radiant in-floor Hot Water Pre-Heat<br />
• Well pump for filling Cisterns<br />
• Heater for battery vault<br />
Too Much Power...Put it to Work
System Equipment<br />
• 2 otherpower 12' <strong>Wind</strong> <strong>Turbines</strong> 100V & 48V Stator<br />
• 16 Trojan IND-6 Batteries 890 Ah<br />
• 1 Ginlong 3K GT <strong>Wind</strong> Inverter<br />
• 3 Ginlong 3K GT Solar Inverter<br />
• 1 TriStar MPPT Solar Charge Controller<br />
• 4 Magnum PAE 4400W-48V Inverter/Chargers 17,600W<br />
• 4 TriStar Diversion Load Controller with 17,280W Load<br />
Resistor Heaters
<strong>AC</strong> <strong>Coupling</strong> <strong>Off</strong>-<strong>Grid</strong><br />
Disadvantages<br />
• GTI knocked <strong>Off</strong>-Line when Large Loads Turn on<br />
- Extreme Under/Over Voltage<br />
- Extreme Under/Over Frequency<br />
•Cost?....Maybe
<strong>AC</strong> <strong>Coupling</strong> <strong>Off</strong>-<strong>Grid</strong><br />
Advantages<br />
• Increases Turbine Placement Options<br />
• Savings on Conductors<br />
• Large Loads & Energy Sources are Coupled<br />
• Cost?..........Maybe
Observations<br />
• The need for DC<br />
Coupled <strong>Wind</strong> & Solar<br />
to keep the Micro-<strong>Grid</strong><br />
alive<br />
• Higher Resource to<br />
Load Conversion<br />
• 1741 Five minute<br />
Requirement Altered
Project Credits<br />
Robert’s Electric<br />
King Canyon Buffalo<br />
Hencey Plumbing<br />
APRS World<br />
<strong>Wind</strong>Farmer<br />
otherpower.com<br />
Todd Hanley<br />
Roy Rak<br />
marc@windfarmer.us
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