Proceedings 會 刊 - SCCAEPA SPONSORS

Through collecting data of nearly 20 years in Dianchi Lake, the paper made a comparison of assessment
results of the four modules and the total ecological security index between screening indicators and no
screening. The results showed that screening indicators could make ecological security evaluation more
reasonable by using less data.
Keywords: ecological security assessment; Dianchi Lake; screening indicators; DPSIR
Biodegradation and detoxification of endosulfan in endosulfan-contaminated soil by
Alcaligenes faecalis strain JBW4
Kai Wei 1 魏 凯 , Lingfen Kong 1 孔 令 芬 , Shaoyuan Zhu 2 朱 少 原 , Lusheng Zhu 1 * 朱 鲁 生 , Jinhua Wang 1
王 金 花 , Hui Xie 1 谢 慧 , Jun Wang 1 王 军
1 Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in the University of Shandong, College of Resources
and Environment, Shandong Agriculture University, Taian 271018, China, Tel: +86 538 8249789, Fax:
+86 538 8242549; 2 College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266109,
China; Email: wkweikai@163.com, konglingfen513@gmail.com, zhushaoyuan90@yahoo.com,
lushzhu@vip.163.com
Abstract: Endosulfan, a kind of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), is wildly used by various
developing/developed nations, adversely affecting environment and the health of both humans and
animals due to its toxicity. Alcaligenes faecalis strain JBW4, a strain of bacteria that is capable of
degrading endosulfan, was inoculated into sterilized and natural soils spiked with endosulfan. This study
was conducted to comprehensively evaluate the ability of JBW4 to degrade endosulfan in soil, including
the degradation rate, the endosulfan metabolites in soils, the colonization of JBW4 in soil and the
detoxification by JBW4 degradation. JBW4 degraded 75.8% and 87.0% of α-endosulfan and 58.5% and
69.5% of β-endosulfan in sterilized soils and natural soils, respectively, after 77 days. Endosulfan ether
and endosulfan lactone were the major metabolites that were detected by gas chromatography-mass
spectrometry (GC-MS). This result suggested that Alcaligenes faecalis. strain JBW4 degrades endosulfan
using a non-oxidative pathway in soils. The ability of strain JBW4 to colonize endosulfan-contaminated
soils was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE).
This result suggested that strain JBW4 competed with the original inhabitants in the soil to establish a
balance and successfully colonize the soils. In addition, the detoxification of endosulfan by strain JBW4
was evaluated using single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) and by determining the soil microbial biomass
carbon and enzymatic activities. The results showed that the genotoxicity and ecotoxicity of endosulfan in
soil were reduced after degradation. The natural degradation of endosulfan in soil is inadequate; therefore,
JBW4 shows potential for the bioremediation of industrial soils that are contaminated with endosulfan
residues.
Keywords: Bacterial biodegradation; Alcaligenes faecalis; PCR-DGGE; SCGE; toxicity
Iodinated trihalomethane formation from microbially derived organic matter during the
biological treatment of micro-polluted source water
Yuanyuan Wei a,b , Yan Liu b , Ruihua Dai b , Xiang Liu b
a National Engineering Research Center for Urban Pollution Control, Tongji University
588 Miyun Road, Shanghai, China, 200092; b Department of Environmental Science and Engineering,
Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, China, 200433, Tel: 86-21-6564-3348 Fax: 86-21-
6564-3597; E-mail: wyy_046@163.com
Abstract: Water sources are micro-polluted by the increasing range of anthropogenic activities around
them. Disinfection byproduct (DBP) precursors in water have gradually expanded from humic acid (HA)
and fulvic acid to other important sources of potential organic matter.
This study aimed to provide further insights into the effects of microbially derived organic matter as
precursors on iodinated trihalomethane (I-THM) speciation and formation during the biological treatment
of micro-polluted source water. The occurrence of I-THMs in drinking water treated by biological
processes was investigated.
The results showed for the first time that CHCl2I and CHBrClI are emerging DBPs in China. Biological
pre-treatment and biological activated carbon can increase levels of microbes, which could serve as DBP
precursors. Chlorination experiments with bovine serum albumin (BSA), starch, HA, deoxyribonucleic acid
(DNA), and fish oil, confirmed the close correlation between the I-THM species identified during the
treatment processes and those predicted from the model compounds. The effects of iodide and bromide
on the I-THM speciation and formation were related to the biochemical composition of microbially derived
organic precursors. Lipids produced up to 16.98 g L-1 of CHCl2I at an initial iodide concentration of 2
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