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Published by B.R. Vats and Printed by
Vikas Goel on behalf of Director Secondary
Education, Haryana-cum-Ex-officio President,
Shiksha Lok Society. Published from office
of Director Secondary Education, Haryanacum-Ex-officio
President, Shiksha Lok Society,
Shiksha Sadan, Sector-5, Panchkula and
Printed at New Print India Pvt. Ltd, 8/4-B, Site-
4, Industrial Area, Sahibabad-201210, district
Ghaziabad. Editor: Dr. Deviyani Singh
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14
çàæÿææ âæÚUÍè¤
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15

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31

çàæÿææ ·ð¤ âæÚUÍè
A Shining Star in Rajaund
Shashant Shekhar Rai
On February 22nd, 2013
Government Girls Primary School
in Rajaund block of Kaithal district in
Haryana organized their Annual Day
celebrations with much fanfare. Even
the heavy rains couldn’t be enough
of a dampener. This was the second
consecutive year when this school
organized this event. Astounding
factor of both these celebrations lies
in the fact that the school authorities
did this without any support from
the government. When I visited this
school as part of a survey team, I was
thrilled to hear about this and know
that this was part of a culture that has
thrived in the school with the current
school administration and that it has
manifested itself in various forms of
upgrades the school has seen over time.
The school administration had taken
upon itself to solve all the problems of
the school. For instance, Rajaund has
a problem of supply of impure water.
To counter this, the school authorities
by themselves have installed an RO
system for pure drinking water for the
students. At times, whitewash in part
has also been materialized due to the
unflinching commitment of the staff to
the needs of their students.
This school does things differently.
And while practices adopted may
not be ground breaking managerial
case study stuff, they do explain how
ownership of the institution plays such
an important role in imparting the kind
of education we aim to impart. The
school is staffed with eight teachers –
four regular and four guest. All of them
work together as a family with the
Head Teacher, Mr. Sukhdev, playing
the Father figure. Deputizing works
well in the school as the teachers
are more than happy to follow the
instructions of Sukhdev. He takes a
monthly check on how the progress is
happening with respect to each class
and makes extra effort from his end to
32 çàæÿææ âæÚUÍè¤
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ensure that any class lagging behind
is brought back on schedule. The
administration also follows a policy of
transparency. As Sukhdev puts it, “If
we need to perform, we need to make
sure we don’t have issues outside the
classrooms bothering us. When eight
people work this closely with each
other, there’s bound to be friction. It
always helps to have the environment
for free exchange and my teachers
do not hesitate in pointing out things
to each other in case any of them
feel uncomfortable with anything. If
they cannot resolve the issue among
themselves, we always gather once
towards the end of the day wherein
I help materialize any impasse.”
Furthermore, the Head Teacher
has also ensured that there are no
instances in which he is outside the
purview of transparency. Teachers can
question his decisions, suggest better
ways of going about things and take
initiative on things which they seem
are lacking in the school.
There is a sense of belonging in
the staff. The school is an extension
of themselves and not just another
place where they go to work. It is
This school does things
differently. And while
practices adopted may
not be ground breaking
managerial case study
stuff, they do explain
how ownership of the
institution plays such
an important role in
imparting the kind of
education we aim to
impart.
not uncommon for Sukhdev to stay
back till 6 in the evening to oversee a
construction work in the school. And
the energy is contagious. Nursery
students in the school already know
some of the things that will be
taught to them in Class 1. There are
hundreds of small and big problems
that the school faces and the staff gets
together to tackle them heads on. At
the planning level, only now are we
strategizing to ask schools to use the
çàæÿææ ·ð¤ âæÚUÍè
books of the previous year in case
the books get delayed in arriving at
the beginning of the session. But at
GGPS Rajaund, this has been a practice
for quite some time now. The Head
Teacher understands that the school
always runs the risk of losing students
to private schools and he is all for the
school to be shifted to more interior
regions of the village which would
make the school more approachable
for the students and would also enable
him to stem the drop in enrollment.
He is confident that such a step would
help him work with the community
and bring to school students who
remain absent for months.
At a time when Education appears to
be the top priority of the government
with concerted efforts being made to
fill in all the gaps through allocation
of huge amounts of funds for the
same, it is indeed admirable to see
such initiative and leadership at the
very bottom of the pyramid. It gives
inspiration to the people across
the system when one comes across
people at the grassroots planning
local solutions without compromising
on the quality of education being
imparted. When infrastructure, or the
lack of it, is lamented across the board,
it comes as a breath of fresh air to see
a school overcoming those challenges
in whatever way it can and demanding
pedagogical tools before it places the
infrastructural demands. Sukhdev
and his staff have set an example for
the whole block. Such practices and
models need to be implemented
across the state to help redefine the
government education system and
truly realize the dream of teachers as
change agents. The teachers are and
shall always remain the most important
asset to our country’s progress. The
sacrifices they make are immense and
such sacrifices embolden the spirit of
everyone involved to keep striving for
the glorious goal called Education.
Project Manager,
Rajaund (Kaithal)
×æ¿üU, w®vx
çàæÿææ âæÚUÍè
33

That’s Life...To Me!
One day gazing at the sky,
I was thinking we always aim high.
With full efforts we try,
Yet sometimes in the end, we cry.
Once I was walking in the scorching
heat,
Yet numb and cold were my feet.
I had faced a defeat,
Destiny seemed a big cheat.
Once with full zest,
I did my best,
And left the rest.
Still I failed the test.
Once before reaching the top, I fell
I cried and my red eyes began to swell.
All I could tell,
Was that life seemed like hell.
I was in deep stress,
Life seemed directionless.
It was a complete mess,
All I could do ask God to bless.
At last, God turned to me,
He said to me,
That there is nothing bad to feel,
It is time that takes to heal.
Sonal Khatter
-D.Ed(2nd year), Gurgaon
34 çàæÿææ âæÚUÍè¤
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â×æßðàæè çàæÿææ
INCLUSIVE EDUCATION-TRANSITION
FROM SEGREGATION TO INCLUSION
Satdev Verma
Persons with disabilities, especially
children continue to be one of
the most disadvantaged groups in all
societies. They are subjected to all sorts
of discriminations. They have limited
opportunities to develop them fully. On
an estimate 10% of our population falls
under the category of some or other form
of disability. It is now widely accepted
that children with disabilities should
be educated alongside their age peers
and be treated as full members of the
community. In recent years in the field
of education, efforts have been made to
make sure that every individual gets an
opportunity to get education. Contrary
to this, children with special needs often
receive education in a segregated or a
special school. Segregated education
is education provided in special schools
designed especially to satisfy the needs
of disabled students. These schools
have specially trained teachers, resource
persons and manpower that use
specialized techniques, methods, aids
and appliances to teach. On the other
hand, inclusive education is a philosophy
built on the belief that all people are
equal and should be respected and
valued, as an issue of basic human
rights. It is an educational setting where
in any normal school; disabled children
get same education as provided to
non-disabled children. According to
persons with disabilities Act (1995),
there should be no discrimination
with children having special needs and
have to be provided the services they
need. Appropriate education, training
and opportunities shall be given
to children with disabilities as they
too can contribute to the economic
development of the country. When
inclusive setup is offered to disabled
children, irrespective of their individual
differences, the rights of every one are
promoted. A serious social problem
and mental pressure these disabled
children undergo as they have to explain
to their peers why are they going to a
special school and not a regular school?
A child is a child irrespective of his/her
condition. Every human being desires
to be accepted and recognized by the
society.
When a special child interacts with
a normal peer he is exposed to a wide
variety of learning experiences. More
importantly, appropriate behaviours
are often acquired through the
company. The urge to be a part of
normal peers improves their basic
skills. A child learns through imitation
and modeling. So in every manner he
tries to copy his peer group. At this
critical stage of development if a child
goes to normal school he/she will learn
those behaviours and skills which are
normal to their respective ages. In an
inclusive setup, a disabled child gets
×æ¿üU, w®vx
çàæÿææ âæÚUÍè
35

â×æßðàæè çàæÿææ
to participate in most of the school
activities which helps in building
his/her confidence similar to that
of non disabled peers. They get the
same platform to express and prove
themselves as any other normal
student. Inclusive education offers
opportunities for special children to
learn socially acceptable behaviours.
Moreover, the parents and family
members of disabled students derive
immense pleasure and satisfaction in
watching their child participating in
school activities and get adjusted to
the school environment.
The second most important
consideration is that segregated
system offers very limited special
schools and it becomes difficult for all
to avail the opportunity of enrolling
in those schools. Moreover these
schools are far from village or town
areas. Thirdly there is shortage
of trained teacher, in the field of
special education. Just as we employ
teachers to teach various subjects and
include them in the curriculum, we
need to employ special educators who
are inclined to understand and work in
the field of disability to offer services
for special children.
Ideally, inclusive setting
includes a resource unit and a resource
teacher. Resource unit is the unit that
is supposed to take care of disabled
students in non-disabled schools.
Under the supervision of such resource
unit, educational programmes are
planned. As normal children become
aware about disabilities, they will
grow into sensitive adults and will
not discriminate any disabled child.
They would also contribute towards
providing facilities for the disabled
because they knew someone in their
school. Most importantly, they will be
better prepared for possible disability
in their own lives or families if it does
occur during their adult lives.
Special Teacher (VI)
Head Office (IEDSS)
Shiksha Sadan, Panchkula
The Three
Types of People
Anju Chowdhary
teacher shows three toys to a
A student and asks the student
to find out the differences. All
the three toys are seemed to be
identical in their shape, size and
material. After keen observation,
the student observes holes in the
toys. 1st toy it has holes in the ears.
2nd toy has holes in ear and mouth.
3rd toy has only one hole in one ear.
Than with the help of needle the
student puts the needle in the ear
hole of 1st toy.
The needle comes out from the
other ear. In the 2nd toy, when the
needle was put in ear the needle
came out of mouth. And in the 3rd
toy, when the needle was put in,
the needle did not come out.
The first toy represents those
people around you who give an
impression that they are listening
to you, all your things and care for
you. But they just pretend to do
so. After listening, as the needle
comes out from the other ear, the
things you said to them by counting
on them are gone. So be careful
while you are speaking to this type
of people around you, who do not
care for you.
The second toy represents those
people who listen to you, all your
things and give an impression that
they care for you. But as in the
toy, the needle comes out from
mouth. These people will use your
things and the words you tell them
against you by telling it to others
and bringing out confidential issues
for their own purpose.
In the third toy, the needle does
not come out from it. These kinds
of people will keep the trust you
have in them. They are the ones
who you can count on.
Moral: Always stay in a company
of people who are loyal and
trustworthy. People, who listen to
what you tell them, are not always
the ones you can count on when
you need them the most.
36 çàæÿææ âæÚUÍè¤
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AMAZING FACTS
¥jéÌ Ì‰Ø
g Pumpkins contain potassium and vitamin A .
g The greatest mountain range is the Mid-Ocean Ridge,
extending 64,374 km from the Arctic Ocean to the
Atlantic Ocean .
g Pepsi got its name from the ingredient pepsin, which
is said to aid in digestion, however, it is not known .
g The spray WD-40 got its name because there were
forty attempts needed before the creation of the
“water displacing” substance .
g Contrary to popular beliefs, chocolate does not cause
acne.
g The fastest moving land snake is the Black Mamba,
which can move up to 7 miles per hour .
g Rabbits can live up to ten years .
g The average life span of a single red blood cell is 120
days.
g In Belgium, there is a museum just for strawberries.
g The Simpsons is the longest running prime-time
animated series on television history
g The more a person struggles to get out of quicksand
the faster they will sink. Staying still, and being calm
will actually make the body float in the quicksand
because the body is less dense than the quicksand is.
g On average, a Canadian girl owns seven Barbie dolls,
whereas an American girl owns eight.
g A piece of French toast that was partially eaten by
Justin Timberlake sold on eBay .
g The Olympic was the sister ship of the Titanic, and
she provided twenty-five years of service .
g Atari had to bury millions of unsold “E.T.” game
cartridges in a New Mexico desert landfill in 1982.
g The biggest disco ball in the world has a diameter of
2.41 meters and 137.89 kilograms. It also has 6,900
mirror squares on it .
g The national anthem of Greece has 158 verses .
g An average city dog lives approximately three years
longer than an average country dog.
g Some Chinese chopsticks contain gold as one of their
materials.
g The chances of making two holes-in-one in a round of
golf are one in 67 million.
g The watch was invented by Peter Henlein of
Nuremberg in 1510.
g Crayola is a French word that means “Oily chalk.”
g Isaac Newton used to be a member of parliament .
g Dumbest Dog: Afghan hound.
g At just four years old Mozart was able to learn a piece
of music in half an hour.
g The honey badger can withstand hundreds of bee
stings that would otherwise kill another animal .
g There are 500,000 detectable earthquakes in the
world each year.
g Black pepper is the most popular spice in the world .
g In Greece, the climate is so warm that many of the
cinemas do not even have roofs .
g An armadillo can walk under water .
×æ¿üU, w®vx
çàæÿææ âæÚUÍè
37

¥çÏ»× âéÏæÚU
Remedial Teaching for imp
N.K.Salwan
There is an increasing focus on
learning outcome of education,
particularly at the elementary level,
when RTE is requiring immense
investment in educating masses. PISA
tests literacy in three competence
fields: reading, mathematics, science.
“ Learning Outcomes” tests such
as conducted by PISA differ from
conventional “Exams” in that they
assess the literacy as an applied
knowledge which the child retain and
use in the real world, rather than the
curriculum based formal learning.
These tests show the quality of learning
that matters in real life and underline
the urgent need to shift the focus from
teaching ‘Content’ to teaching ‘Skills’.
Though learning outcomes tests
reflect on the quality of various
aspects of education system, which
would include facilities such as
classrooms, blackboards and the
content- the curriculum etc., the
teaching methodologies stand out
and matter most for their direct
impact on the learning outcomes.
The deficiency in learning basic skills
of reading, writing, and arithmetic
despite adequate intelligence in a child,
expose shortcomings of method of
instruction. A child who cannot even
read / write basic sentences or do
simple calculations, will not be able
to do justice to the next higher level
of learning, is too obvious to state.
Instituting remedial measures acquire
all the more importance and urgency in
view of the provisions made in Right to
Education Act( RTE), whereby students
are entitled to take admission in agespecific
class. Further, as per a ‘no
detention’ provision, these students are
set to be promoted to the next higher
level, even without getting mastery
in the grade specific appropriate skills
or the basic learning skills. There is
a strong possibility of such students
dropping out at a later stage.
These issues and concerns have
been highlighted in a paper on
“Priorities for Primary Education Policy
in India’s 12th Five-year Plan” by Kartik
Muralidharan. While giving reference of
various researches conducted on level
of students’ learning, it is realized that
not only are the levels low, but that
the trends in learning levels are in fact
negative. Further, since basic reading
and arithmetic are fundamental skills,
the low levels of learning suggested
by various reports are alarming since
they suggest that the Indian education
system is doing well at enrolling children
in schools, but failing when it comes to
teaching them even basic skills. The
main finding suggests learning levels
are particularly low on questions
that require application of concepts
than those on questions representing
rote learning. This paper deals with
specifically three issues that are
38 çàæÿææ âæÚUÍè¤
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¥çÏ»× âéÏæÚU
roving Learning Outcomes
relevant to quality of outcomes. Among
Inputs, Pedagogy and Governance,
the one which require special focus is
obviously “Pedagogy”. But first some
striking findings of studies referred to in
the paper.
Myths breaking findings:
No significant positive correlation
between the teacher training and
increase in the test scores of students
taught by the corresponding teacher
Similarly there is no correlation
between teacher salary and student
test score gains and if anything, the
correlations typically point to a negative
relationship between teacher salaries
and gains in student test scores
The evidence on the impact of
reducing pupil-teacher ratios on
improved learning outcomes is also
mixed, with most studies are not finding
much of an impact. Results show that
reducing class-size may have a limited
impact on improving test scores.
Reductions in pupil teacher ratio
overtime were strongly correlated with
increases in teacher absence.
Student-based spending including
textbooks, uniforms and mid-day meals
has not again shown any significant
positive correlation between these
categories of spending and improved
learning out comes.
These findings seem to break various
myths regarding means and ways of
improving students’ performance.
But on the other hand, several highquality
studies confirm finding strong
impacts of remedial instruction
programs on learning outcomes, even
when implemented by volunteers or
informal teachers with little formal
training and paid only a modest stipend
that is several times lower than the
salary of regular government teachers.
This striking revelation necessitates a
deeper look at the remedial teaching as
an effective tool of pedagogy.
A special reference is given to a
program run by PRATHAM specifically
targeted at the lower performing
students in the Indian cities of Mumbai
and Vadodara. The program provided
an informal teacher hired from the
community, known as Balsakhi or friend
of the child to schools, with an explicit
mandate to focus on children in 3rd
and 4th grade who had not achieved
even basic competencies in reading
and arithmetic. These children were
taken out of the regular classroom for
two hours a day, and provided with
remedial instruction targeted at their
current level of learning.
Under remedial teaching, learning
takes place from simple to complex. If
for some reason the student has not
learnt the basics, it is futile to teach him
the advanced topics. Remedial teaching
is not revising the topics taught
repeatedly. Careful analysis of the
students’ performance in the testing
and diagnosing the areas of difficulty
are key aspects in remedial teaching.
×æ¿üU, w®vx çàæÿææ âæÚUÍè 39

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Once the difficult areas are identified,
the next task is to plan the learning
experiences to teach the basics to
understand the given content .Teachers
often feel that what has not been learnt
at the primary level, cannot be taught
simultaneously with the prescribed
topics at the secondary level as they
are busy completing the syllabus.
Experience shows that once the basics
are taught, the learning process is
accelerated and the slow learners
comprehend and grasp the given topics
of the class, since they have already
attained the mental age.
Viable Strategies regarding remedial
teaching:
The question is how to plan and
design remedial teaching to enhance
learning of basic skills. There may be
various means and ways of going about
it as delineated below:
To have a long term impact
and institutionalize this remedial
measure in the working of schools,
all pre-service and in-service teachertraining
programs must be infused
with substantive issues on remedial
teaching in the curriculum and tested
in examinations. Further, workshops
on remedial teaching must be an
essential component of such programs
to provide hands-on experience to the
participants.
Remedial teaching is
not revising the topics
taught repeatedly.
Careful analysis of the
students’ performance
in the testing and
diagnosing the areas of
difficulty are key aspects
in remedial teaching.
Though no significant credit has
been given to training of teachers
for improving learning outcomes of
students, it is worthwhile to put in
place a regular program of orientation/
training for teachers. Such program
has to be comprehensively organized,
engaging the best expertise at disposal
to do justice to this enormous task.
Further incentives and motivation can
do wonder and this applies to Teachers
also. If performance of teachers is
objectively assessed in terms of learning
outcomes and suitably rewarded for
showing improvement, the results may
be remarkable. If teachers are inspired
then whatever means are appliedwhether
in the classroom, outside the
classroom, during the school hours
or after the school time, in the form
of summer camps or other programs,
targets of learning outcomes may
become realistic and achievable.
After the introduction of “The Right
of Children to Free and Compulsory
Education Act, 2009”, it has become
all the more important to ensure that
the children from the marginalized and
disadvantaged sections who are brought
into the fold of school education are
provided with reasonable opportunity
to acquire basic skills. Without
grounded properly in the numerical
and language skills, these children do
not stand any chance to make the most
of this Right to Education and progress
to higher levels.
Keeping this in view, remedial
teaching has been made an essential
component of Diploma in Education
program in Haryana. In this the
student-teachers are required not only
to study the theoretical aspects but
also practice them during internship
of one year duration. An orientation
of master-trainers and others has been
planned and will be extended to all the
student-teachers before the internship
begins. This is just a beginning to
get institutionalized the measure of
remedial teaching in the system of
school education in Haryana.
Director, Board of School
Education Haryana
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40 çàæÿææ âæÚUÍè¤
×æ¿üU, w®vx

ÂýàÙæðˆÌÚUè
SCIENCE QUIZ
1. Who found bacteria to be of
several kinds and classified
them?
(a) Otto Freinrich Muller
(b) Robert Hooke
(c) Francesco Red
(d) Louise Pasteur
2. Who discovered the cure for
the disease called ‘Beri-Beri’?
(a) Christian Eikman
(b) Ronald Ross
(c) Denis P. Burkitt
(d) Paul Enrich
3. Which is the first gas to be
liquefied?
(a) Ammonia
(b) Nitrogen
(c) Helium
(d) Carbon dioxide
4. Name the first amino acid to
be discovered?
(a) Cystine
(b) Glycine
(c) Asparagine
(d) Threonine
5. How many muscles of the
face are used for smiling?
(a) 40
(b) 24
(c) 20
(d) 17
6. What do you mean by the
term ‘Dandruff’?
(a) Dead skin flaked off the
scalp
(b) Diseased hair
(c) Diseased dust
(d) All
7. Chicken guinea is a
(a) Bacteria
(b) Virus
(c) Protozoa
(d) Fungi
8. Name the enzyme present in
saliva
(a) Pepsin
(b) Ptyalin
(c ) Trypsin
(d) Chymotrypsin
9. Name the procedure which
is adopted to detect an
abnormality in a fetus
(a) Biopsy
(b) Amniocentesis
(c) Fluoroscopy
(d) All
10. Stem cutting are commonly
used for propagation of
(a) Banana
(b) Rose
(c) Mango
(d) Cotton
11. For what purpose
paracetamol is used for
(a) Reducing pain and fever
(b) Reducing cholesterol
(c) Relieving blood sugar
(d) Relieving allergy
12. The AB Blood group was
discovered by
(a) Van deastello and Sturli
(b) Pieter Mitchell
(c) George Cursier
(d) Garner and Allard
13. What is baker’s yeast?
(a) Fungus
(b) Algae
(c) Bacteria
(d) Protozoa
15. Deficiency of protein in a
child in the age group of 1 to
3 years causes
(a) Marasmus
(b) Durarjism
(c) Gigantism
(d) Kwashiorkor
16. Vitamin which prevents
rupturing of blood vessels
and bleeding is
(a) Vitamin E
(b) Vitamin C
(c) Vitamin K
(d) Vitamin B2
17. Islets of Langerhans are
found in
(a) Stomach
(b) Pancreas
(c ) Heart
(d) Alimentary canal.
18. Tropical Rain forests in India
are found in
(a) Assam
(b) Gujarat
(c) Himachal Pradesh
(d) Orissa
19. Sun loving plants are
(a) Heliophytes
(b) Halophytes
(c) Sciophytes
(d) Xerophytes
20. Name the famous plant
Ecologist
(a) J. C. Bose
(b) Birbal Sahni
(c) Randena Mishra
(d) Jean Lamarck
Compiled by Rajiv Kochhar
(Answers in the next issue)
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çàæÿææ âæÚUÍè
41

ãUçÚUØæ‡ææ ãñUçÚUÅðUÁ
A VISUALISATION FROM
DIVERGE TO CONVERGE
Rashmi Prabha
We all can see a tree that has grown
from a single seed. We can even
account its nutritional requirements
and other physical conditions required
for its growth. When the plants dies its
contents are dissolved in microscopic
particles in the environment .If you are
asked to visualize these particles and
predict the nature of plants or type of
seed, do you find it possible? We all are
aware of Big Bang theory on the origin
of universe which is the result of massive
explosion in dense ball of subatomic
size. But can you visualize the reversal
of it i.e. packaging all the Galaxies and
space back into dense ball again? If we
talk about the most famous theory of
relativity, E=mc 2 Laid down by genius
scientist, ALBERT EINSTEIN that the
mass of the sun is converted to energy
or simple words phenomenon of converting
visible state (mass) to invisible
(energy) has been solved out. But do
you know the science behind converting
energy to mass? To find solution of
this gigantic quest we must develop
perspectives to see invisible things.
Things are floating around us but we
need a vision of magnifying lens to go
deep inside and find them out. Let’s
talk about a complex coordinating living
system, a human body. It senses the
surrounding through gateways of sense
organ and put the information in brain,
the heritage centre of mind .the brain
folds the information in the network of
100 billion neurons and processes it.
With the help of mind the brain unfolds
the information to knowledge further
into wisdom .This is what we call as expression.
The evolution of mind leads
to imagination Albert Einstein said,
Imagination is more important than
knowledge. Knowledge is limited,
but imagination is boundless.
It comes to your mind when you
unfold more than your input.
The human mind evolved always
in the company of human body
.the DNA (de oxy ribose nucleic
acid) is the heritage of human
body. If you analyze it, you
will find the whole information
Of body is coded by
sequence of 3 billion letters in the
individual. The individual grows by
expression and observation from surroundings,
when the individual dies
the information is decoded back to elements
of nature and the energy inside
the individual goes back to the universe.
So if we talk about life in physical terms,
it is combination of mass and energy.
Recently scientist have been able to
find out amazing particles when they
analyzed subatomic particles. These
are called as God Particles scientifically
known as Higgs Boson particles
these particles acquire mass under
certain physical field called HIGGS
field and are supposed to be responsible
for forming matter, the existence
of universe and life. But to identify
this hypothesis is huge setup of LHC
(Large Harden Collider ) experimentation
is required. Albert Einstein, the
scientist extra ordinary intellectual
abilities used 8% of brain where as we
are not even making use of1% brain.
Our brain is a kind of chip that can
hold and has the capacity to store infinite
bytes of information. But 99% of
it remains unexplored. Do we require
LHC kind of set up to explore it .similarly
90 % DNA in human body remain
unexplored that is what we call as junk
DNA and if I tell you what Einstein
commented on space that the space
(i.e. the void between planet and
heavenly bodies) is full of mysterious
things that are difficult to get
expressed. Just imagine the scope of
discoveries, its infinite we need to enrich
and empower our mind to harness
limitless inner potential in all spheres
of human endeavourers. When you
stretch out your capacities, you have to
move out of your comfort zone to do
those things which are not done before.
Do remember there is plenty of
room at the bottom.
Vice Principal
St. Kabir’s School, Hisar.
42 çàæÿææ âæÚUÍè¤
×æ¿üU, w®vx

çßàß ÁÜ-çÎßâ ÂÚU çßàæðcæ
Play your part and be water smart -
Water Co-operation Day -22 march
Smita Agrawal
World water day is held annually
on 22nd march as a means of
focusing attention on the importance
of fresh water and advocated for the
sustainable management of fresh water
resources.
Water is the universal fulfilment of
basic human needs; our environment,
socioeconomic development and
poverty reduction are all dependent
of water. Water water everywhere
if we share, is the best slogan of the
year which actually tells us the means
to save water. Water management
and water conservation is the need
of hour .Water management is a
challenging process as it is unevenly
distributed .The hydrological cycle is
highly complex, rapid urbanisation,
climate change, huge population is
also a big challenge. We need water
for 7 billion population, industries, for
food etc. In keeping all these issues in
mind the UN decided to declare 22nd
march as world water day and 2013
as international year of water cooperation.
As cooperation is essential to
strike a balance between the different
needs and priorities and share their
precious resources.
Water conservation is a big thing but
every little bit helps, so don’t think
that you do not matter .A lot of people
doing a little bit adds up to whole
lot. We must all make changes in our
life styles that will change the way in
which we utilise water. Water conservation
needs to become a way of life,
not just something we think about
once in a time. Water conservation
means use of water wisely and judiciously.
On 11 Feb, the UN General
Assembly in its Resolution 65/154
decide to proclaim 22 March 2013 as
international day of Water co-operation.
The objective of this is to create
awareness of the importance of fresh
water.
Here are few tips to save water:-
1. Use full load when using your washing
machine.
2. Water released from AC and aqua
guard can be used in washing utensils,
planting etc.
3. Water your yard or outdoors early
in the morning or late in evening.
4. Turn off sink faucet while scrubbing
utensils.
5. Install short water heads to reduce
the flow of water.
6. Reuse as much as water possible.
7. Use dual system of flush as maximum
water is used in toilets or put
a water bottle filled with pebbles to
reduce flush tank capacity.
8. A 15 minute car washing uses 400
litre of water while 2 buckets use only
30 litres.
9. Do rain water harvesting to conserve
water as it reduces soil erosion
and increases ground water level.
10. Take only required quantity of water
that you can use.
11. Eliminate any leakage as one drop
per second wastes 9.5 gallon of water
in a day.
12. Use a broom instead of hose to
clean sideways.
13. Install aerators or faucets to reduce
water loss.
14. Turn the tap off while brushing.
Water conservation is about more
than just buying new gadgets it’s
about changing your habits.
Small practices like water ATM in Rajasthan
are also good in conserving
water resources. This ATM gives water
instead of money on inserting card in
front of server, it reads the card and
gives water as per instruction and
shows the balance.So just join your
hands to save water as every drops
counts otherwise be ready for third
world war for water, choice is yours.
Science Teacher,
St. Kabir’s School, Hisar
×æ¿üU, w®vx
çàæÿææ âæÚUÍè
43

â×æ¿æÚU ÂýÖæ»U
ICT in Open
Learning
Pratibha Dahiya
ICT is Information and Communication Technology which
encompasses all technologies such as internet, wireless
networks, cell phones, satellite communications, digital
television etc. that provide access to information. This
technology is used to store, manipulate, distribute or create
information. During the past few decades, ICT has provided
society with a vast array of new communication capabilities
and has fundamentally changed the way we live now. It has
opened up new horizons for progress and the exchange of
creativity and intercultural dialogues. We find a world of
difference in the practices and procedures of various fields
such as education, medicine, banking, business, engineering
etc.
ICT in education is the need of the hour. It can help students
to acquire skills like digital literacy, innovative thinking,
creativity, sound reasoning and effective communication.
It can help in enhancing the quality of education through
blended learning by supplementing the traditional talk and
chalk method of teaching. It has provided viable platform for
generation, adoption and exploitation of knowledge through
open learning and can help pave the way for the creation
of virtual schools in the long run. E-content which is highly
interactive and multimedia enriched can play an important
role in the knowledge gained by the learner through self
learning and assessment.
For the capacity building of open schooling system and for
providing more flexibility and access to the learners Haryana
Open School is making use of the technology in various ways.
An innovative ICT based On Demand Examination system
has been introduced in which the learners can register
themselves online for taking part in the examination. Using
this technology the learners can submit their applications
online, can pay the fees through payment gateway system
using credit/debit card and net banking from anywhere and
at anytime, can receive acknowledgement of receipt, track
the progress of their application and can receive results of
their evaluation online. The tutorials in the form of audio
and multimedia packages have been provided to the study
centers for helping the learners in their difficult portions
of the curriculum. The assignments in all the subjects at
secondary and sr. secondary levels have been uploaded
for the self assessment of the learners which can be
downloaded using the Internet whenever required. Huge
question bank in various subjects containing the questions in
different forms has been made available online for providing
academic support to the learners while preparing for their
examinations which can easily be accessed at any time
through the use of ICT. Haryana open school has initiated
with On Demand Examination system and is in process for
applying the technology for ongoing examination systems
and will introduce more innovative systems also.
So, the culture of learning has shifted from the culture of
students passively listening in a classroom to the culture of
proactive reading, encoding and decoding the data anytime
and anywhere. The use of technology in open learning for
capacity building has changed the face of open education
from mainstream classroom education to an independent
system, endowed with tremendous capacity and capability
to cater to the needs of education for all at reasonable cost.
So the use of ICT provides advantages of greater flexibity in
the location of educational experience (home or workplace),
wide choice of courses/programmes, global curriculum,
best practices and experiences, on-demand admission
and examination and value addition in the education
of the disadvantaged (physically, socially, economically,
geographically).
In an online learning environment, the learners take
greater responsibility over their own learning paths and can
share their experiences and knowledge with others in their
personal contact classes. It has provided viable platform for
generation, adoption and exploitation of knowledge through
open learning. Hence, the use of ICTs for expanding open
learning is both a necessity and an opportunity in this era of
globalization.
Dy. Director(HOS)
44 çàæÿææ âæÚUÍè¤
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