COMMUNITY TREE PLANTING GUIDELINE - SPGS

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LAWLOG PRODUCTION GRANT SCHEME 3.6.1 Why is it important to carry out land preparation before planting trees? It is necessary to first carry out land preparation before planting tree seedlings so as to increase the chance of survival and have rapid growth of the planted trees. By carrying out good land preparation your trees will not be out competed by weeds and also, the cultivation of the soil softens it to enable faster root penetration and faster seedling growth. Generally, well prepared land makes the later activities much easier to carry out too. 3.6.2 What are the activities under land preparation? The common activities in land preparation include land clearing, lining out and pitting (digging planting holes). These activities should suitably be done during the dry season (June-July) before the more demanding activities of planting and weeding come in the wet month (in September/October). These activities are described below:- 3.6.3 Land clearing This is the removal of vegetation (all non planted trees/shrubs and bush) existing on the site to be planted. However, thick forest land should never be cleared for planting trees. Only degraded forest land and grassland areas are recommended. Land clearing is often done manually using simple tools like an axe, panga and slashers combined with burning. Also on large scale by spraying with herbicides and using heavy machinery like bulldozer to cut, uproot and heap logs/ stumps. Whichever method to use depends on existing vegetation and scale of planting, but steps taken in land clearing are; i. All the vegetation including grass and any none planted trees at the site must be cut down and left to dry. Trees should be cut as close to the ground as possible and big tree branches be chopped into smaller pieces. ii. All the grass as well as the chopped wood should then be gathered into small heaps spread on the site (preferably on stumps to get them burnt). iii. After heaping, they should then be set on fire preferably only on cool, non-windy conditions days and must be supervised. This should leave a clear open area ready for lining out and pitting. A well cleared site ready for lining out should not hinder visibility and movement 3.6.4 What is lining out? This is the procedure taken to plant trees on straight lines at recommended spacing. The main reason of lining out is to ensure that the trees have enough space to grow while at the same time have some competition between themselves. This competition is important as trees grow to ensure that they produce straight stems with reduced branches. Other benefits of planting trees in lines are: - For easy accessibility or passage through the plantation. - Maintenance activities like weeding, pruning, thinning and harvesting can be contracted out to workers based on the number of trees or lines done. - For quickly estimating the number of trees or volume existing on your plantation. How do you line out? Lining out takes the following steps; 1. Have a long rope of about 50m marked at intervals of the required spacing (say 3m) throughout its length. Stretch the rope along one side of the plantation site where planting is going to start. Now take that stretched line AC as your baseline. 2. At each end of this baseline, mark off two cross lines (CE & AE) at right angles (90 o ) with the baseline (AC). This you do by measuring off first 3m starting from point C up to point B with your measuring tape. Next, measure off 4m again starting from point C up to point D. Finally, if you measured distances CB and CD correctly, then distance BD is automatically 5m and angle BCD is 90 o (3,4,5 rule of the triangle) as shown on the diagram below. 12 Community Tree Planting Guideline
LAWLOG PRODUCTION GRANT SCHEME 6. When the baseline has moved up to the end of the two cross lines, then steps 1-5 are repeated until the whole site is covered. Diagram showing 3,4,5 rule for marking cross line CE at right angle with the base line CA. Pegs are fixed into the ground at points BCD to hold tight the measuring tape before extending the lines to points A and E. 3. Now, go and repeat this to mark off another cross line (AE) at right angle with the base line from point A. Cross line AE should now be parallel to cross line CE as shown on diagram below 7. When lining out on steep slopes or hill (more than 20 o slope) it is important to do slope correction otherwise, the distance between trees will be lesser than expected. The same procedure of lining out as described above is followed. However, now the base line or cross line needs to be lifted up from the lower end of the slope such that its top end at point A is on the same height as its lower end at point B as shown by rope AC on diagram below. Now your cross line or base line should appear as shown by rope AC (3M) whose 3M mark C Diagram showing how to mark holes on the ground between cross lines CE and AE along direction ‘d’ 4. These two cross lines on both ends of the baseline should then be marked with the chosen spacing say of 3m intervals. 5. After marking these two cross lines, the rope forming the baseline can now be kept moving up between the two cross-lines while stopping at each mark 2, 3-7 on the two cross-lines as directed by arrow ‘d’ above. As this rope is being shifted on the two cross lines, a person then keeps on marking planting holes on the ground by digging shallow holes corresponding to the spacing marks on the rope. 13 Lining out on a slope needs you to keep the cross line rope not on the ground level but be raised up at the same height as the upper end (A). A pole then can be used to locate the point (B) where the next pit down the hill should be dug. on the ground is determined by a vertical pole CB. Next, with your pole still at the same mark B, lower the rope AC to lie on the ground and hold it tight at both ends. You now find that the rope AC of 3M long when placed on the steep ground does not cover the full length AB but ends some where at point D. Therefore, measure length DB and add this to the spacing being used in order to get the true distance AB on the steep ground. If DB is 30cm or 0.3M then add it to our spacing of 3M that is 3 + 0.3 =3.3M. This means all the trees on this particular slope should be spaced at 3.3m x 3.3m. In this case, the 0.3M is our slope correction factor. You can then mark your rope at 3.3m spacing. After successful lining out, the next step is to proceed to pitting. Community Tree Planting Guideline
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COMMUNITY TREE PLANTING GUIDELINE - SPGS

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