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DAM SYNCHRONISATION AND FLOOD RELEASES IN THE ZAMBEZI RIVER BASIN PROJECT: ANNEX 1 OF FINAL REPORT 5 Models In addition to the literature and data files that are available, several models have been developed within the basin, and it is important to have a compilation of this information as well. The table below summarises the most relevant models that are presently being developed or are already in use and comments are provided on their availability. For the Project, the models themselves are not required, but information on their characteristics has been used. Table 5.1: Models created for the Zambezi River Basin Model Prepared by Comment Upper Zambezi No models available Middle Zambezi KAFRIBA WWF An Operational model - old version available for Kafue Flats, but recommended by DHV to shift to InfoWorks to comply with ZESCO System. (WRSM 2000 rainfall runoff model is part of Kariba) Luangwa PCRaster model H.C. Winsemius (Delft, University of Technology, Deltares) A daily water balance model, capable to estimate flows from the Luangwa tributary. The shape and timing of the hydrograph has been calibrated on signatures from old discharge records and the water balance using remotely sensed evaporation estimates . The model runs on daily rainfall and potential evaporation estimates. Info Works (Wallingford) ZESCO An Operational model which ZESCO plans to use for operation of Itezhi-Tezhi and management of Kafue Flats. Lower Zambezi HEC-5, Simulation of Flood Control and Conservation Systems Beilfuss, Version 8.0, October 1998 This is a study model, prepared for the Zambezi system with the aim of improving environmental flows downstream of Cahora Bassa. The model domain covers the total Zambezi. Mike Flood ARA, Mozambique An Operational model used by ARA Zambeze for flood prediction downstream Cahora Bassa. Total Zambezi WRSM2000 Zambezi HEC-3 Reservoir System Analysis for Conservation Dr. Yamba - University of Zambia BRL/NIRAS (World Bank Funded) Study model for the hydrology of the Zambezi in WRSM2000, aimed at assessing the Impacts of Climate Change on Hydropower Production. This model has been used for reservoir analysis for the Worldbank Study (2010). Beginning of 2011 the model will be handed over to the Interim Zamcom Secretariat. HUGO model Dr. Hugh Williams Operational model. Monthly water-balance spreadsheet. Used to advise Cahora Bassa operations. All major dams in Zambezi are included. WEAP Water resources management model (Zamwis DVD) Copyright Tellus Institute, Stockholm Environmental Institute A WEAP model of the full Zambezi basin is available, with the existing reservoirs and a number of demand sectors. The model is still limited in scope, with only a few years of hydrological data series, but can easily be extended. Reference: Winsemius, H.C., Schaefli, B., Montanari, A., Savenije, H.H.G. (2009): On the calibration of hydrological models in ungauged basins: a framework for integrating hard and soft hydrological information. Water Resour. Res. 45, W12422, doi:10.1029/2009WR007706 56
DAM SYNCHRONISATION AND FLOOD RELEASES IN THE ZAMBEZI RIVER BASIN PROJECT: ANNEX 1 OF FINAL REPORT 6 Metadata files As noted in the Inception Report, metadata files have been prepared for all information which has been collected in addition to the ZAMWIS database (see Chapter 4). This includes all literature, data and maps. The metadata files are formatted in eXtensible Markup Language (XML) which is a standard hierarchical format. They have been included in the DVD presented to the Client. Every effort was made to follow the relevant ISO and WMO format standards. To ensure the XML files are valid, XML Schema Definition (XSD) files are used for validation. 57
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