Peripheral vision and pattern recognition: a review - strasburger - main

Peripheral_Vision.doc
E 2 and M values estimated from psychophysics, fMRI, and EEG
Study Task / Stimuli E 2 (deg) M 0
Methodology
ΨΦ Cowey & Rolls (1974) Phosphenes (Brindley &
Lewin, 1968) + MAR
(Wertheim 1894)
ΨΦ
ΨΦ
Rovamo & Virsu
(1979)
Vakrou, Whitaker,
McGraw, McKeefry
(2005)
MRI /
lesions
mfVEP Slotnick, Klein,
Carney, Sutter (2001)
fMRI
fMRI
fMRI
1.746 M 0 =8.55
mm/°
Scaled gratings 3.0 M 0 =7.99
mm/°
temporal 2-afc
L/M: 0.91 or 0.75
L/M: 0.1°
color grating CSF
S/(L+M): 8.1 or 8.5
S/(L+M): 0.15°
Achrom.: 2.4 or 1.6
Horton & Hoyt (1991) Perimetry, 3 patients 0.75 M 0 =23.1
mm/°
M-scaled checkerboard 0.20±0.26 • 0.92±0.28 (sj TC) M 0 =43,4 ±
segments, 37.5 Hz. 0.10±0.39 • 0.48±0.18 (sj HB) 9,6 mm/° (*)
Dipole source distance and 0.68±0.49 • 0.52±0.11(sj SD) (goes up to
200!)
size
Weighted mean 0.50±0.08
Duncan & Boynton
(2003)
Larsson & Heeger
(2006)
Henriksson, Nurminen,
Hyvärinen, Vanni
(2008)
Achrom: 0.8°
Checkerboard rings 8Hz 0.831 M 0 =18.5
mm/°
Checkerboard expanding 0.785 M 0 =22.5
ring 0.375°/TR) +
mm/°(*)
rotating wedge 15°/TR
b/w sinewave-modulated
rings
1,007 (ν=1/optimum_SF for
V1, derived from text to Fig. 6,
p. 7 top, r 2 =99%)
ν=0.55°(*)
Table 5. E 2 and M 0 values obtained with non-invasive objective techniques, with psychophysical studies (ΨΦ) added
for comparison. Asterisks (*) denote values added by Strasburger.
Threshold task
(K) Foveal S E 2 (S –1 ) Source on which estimate is based
value
(arc min)
Unreferenced motion 0.56 0.18 5.6 Levi et al., 1984
Panum’s areas 6.5 0.18 5.6 Ogle & Schwartz, 1959
Grating acuity 0.625
0.6
0.38
0.37
2.6
2.7
Slotnick et al., 2001
Virsu et al., 1987
Landolt C acuity 0.57 0.88 1.14 Virsu et al., 1987
1.5 1.0 1.0 Weymouth, 1958Weymouth, 1958 (low luminance and
short exposure)
Referenced or relative motion 0.19 0.95 1.05 Levi et al., 1984
Stereoscopic acuity 0.1 1.23 0.81 Fendick & Westheimer, 1983
Vernier acuity 0.16
0.44
1.43
1.57
0.7
0.64
Levi et al., 1985
Weymouth, 1958 (Bourdon’s data)
Table 6. E 2 values from Drasdo (1991, Table 19.2 on p. 258) for the horizontal meridian.
3.3 Schwartz’s logarithmic mapping onto the cortex
The cortical magnification factor M relates cortical sizes to retinal sizes. It is a local mapping in
that a small circular patch in the visual field is mapped onto an elliptical area in one of the early
visual areas. From the relationship M(E), one can, under the assumption of retinotopy, derive
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