Conclusions <strong>and</strong> Recommendations There area number of points to be drawn out of the analysis. 1. Challenge stereotypes as a basic requirement - diverse examples will meet the needs of a wider audience. There needs to be more ethnic minority case studies <strong>and</strong> some visible role models with disability - to challenge invisibility. 2. When setting up case studies - organisations need to have a clear idea how the case studies will be used <strong>and</strong> who by. 3. <strong>Role</strong> models alone will not create change <strong>and</strong> solve the <strong>STEM</strong> skill shortage - they need to be part of a progressive engagement with <strong>STEM</strong> <strong>and</strong> careers. 4. Video clips of any length (over 5 minutes) need a breakdown of script headings - so users can find the part of the clip that meets their needs most. 5. Basic information about a person is not enough to change perceptions - day in the life / teaching exercises / links to curriculum or subject or interest area are needed. Q <strong>and</strong> A case studies work well. 6. YouTube clips well established - good media to reach young people - need to exp<strong>and</strong> into blogs / online media. 7. There are real issues about how the user can find case studies; many are hidden well behind many headings. Organisations need to follow simple accessibility guide <strong>and</strong> provide clear signpost for young people. Perhaps there should be more use of user focus groups in design? 8. Computer Science / IT have not been a focus of the search - as such it appears as a gap - but further analysis is needed. Chemistry related jobs from our searches appear to be an area that has limited good coverage in case studies - however chemistry related jobs are covered in other sectors - so this may be misleading. 9. There are a large number of case studies <strong>and</strong> profiles - but it was quite difficult to identify 25 that could be highlighted as good practice. 10. While we can show "the excitement <strong>and</strong> satisfaction achieved from real jobs" (p21, BIS, 2010) there is also plenty of scope to improve the existing wealth of case studies that are trying to achieve this effect. With some simple changes <strong>and</strong> better coordination, all of these case studies could have a greater impact to support entry to <strong>STEM</strong> subjects <strong>and</strong> careers. References 11. BIS (2010) Science for Careers; report of the Science <strong>and</strong> Society Expert Group, March 2010. 12. Bourdieu,Pierre (1990) In other words; Essays towards a Reflexive Sociology, Stanford University Press, USA. 13. Bricheno, Patricia <strong>and</strong> Thornton, Mary (2007) <strong>Role</strong> model, hero or champion? Children's views concerning role models in Educational Research, Vol 49, No 4, pp383 - 396. 14. Francis, Becky, Skelton, Christine, Carrington, Bruce, Hutchings, Merryn, Read, Barbara, Hall, Ian (2006) A perfect match? Pupils' <strong>and</strong> teachers' views of the impact of matching educators <strong>and</strong> teachers by gender, paper presented at British Educational Education research conference, University of Warwick, September 2006. 15. Hodkinson, P (1996) Learning careers, continuity <strong>and</strong> change in young people's dispositions to learning in British Educational Research Journal, Vol 26, No 5, pp583-597. page 7/12
16. Hodkinson, Phil <strong>and</strong> Sparkes, Andrew (1997) A sociological theory of career decision making, in British Journal of Sociology of Education, Vol. 18, No 1, p29-44. 17. Royal Society ( 2004) Taking a Leading <strong>Role</strong>, Royal Society, Engl<strong>and</strong> page 8/12