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St Etienne’s church in Batroun<br />
Taynal mosque in the suburb of Tripoli<br />
The governor ordered the Patriarch to be burned alive on the 1st of April in the year 1367. This sentence was to be carried out<br />
in a suburb of the city near to the Taynal mosque 13, Mosque of Governor Tainal al-Ashrafi (Amir Tainal or Taylan) with splendid<br />
minaret and different cupolas. It was founded in 1336, and stands alone in the middle of an orchard. It is an oblong structure<br />
of sandstone, and has four domes of various sizes. It was a Crusader church before the Mamluks changed it to a mosque.<br />
A f t e r t h e d e a t h o f t h e P a t r i a r c h , h i s s u c c e s s o r J o h n V ( 1 3 6 7 - 1 4 0 4 ) c o u l d n o t s t a y i n t h e p a t r i a r c h a l r e s i d e n c e i n t h e c o n v e n t o f o u r<br />
L a d y o f E l i j e i n M a y f o u k , b u t i n t h e v i l l a g e o f H a r d i n . T h i s w a s b e c a u s e o f t h e p e r s e c u t i o n o f t h e C h r i s t i a n s . I n t h e c o u r s e t h e n o f<br />
m a n y y e a r s t h e l e a d e r s o f t h e M a r o n i t e C h u r c h w e r e c u t o ff f r o m C h r i s t i a n E u r o p e . B u t i n s p i t e o f a l l t h e s e d i ff i c u l t i e s t h e y h e l d f a s t<br />
t o t h e i r c a t h o l i c f a i t h a n d t o t h e H o l y S e e . T h e P a t r i a r c h s , a f t e r t h e i r e l e c t i o n m a d e e v e r y a t t e m p t t o o b t a i n t h e P a l l i u m t h r o u g h t h e<br />
good offices of the Franciscan missionaries, in some cases it took years before the elected Patriarch actually received it into his hands.<br />
I f o n e a d d s t o t h e s e d i f f i c u l t i e s , t h e g e o g r a p h i c a l o b s t a c l e s t h a t h a d t o b e o v e r c o m e , t h e s u c c e s s i v e r e v o l u t i o n s , i n t e r n a l<br />
divisions and wrangling and the invasion of the Mongols, one can easily understand why during the period of the Popes Urban<br />
IV (1261-1264) and Eugene IV (1431-1447) there are no letters extant of communications between the Vatican and the<br />
M a r o n i t e P a t r i a r c h s . O n e h a d t o w a i t u n t i l t h e e n d o f t h e F r e n c h d a n g e r f r o m C y p r u s a n d t h e a r r i v a l o f t h e m i s s i o n a r i e s t o<br />
Lebanon from Europe before the interrupted lines of communication could be restored between the Maronites and Rome.
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