Macedonia MUNICIPAL INDICATORS – DEFINITIONS AND SOURCES

MUNICIPAL INDICATORS – DEFINITIONS AND SOURCES 

November 2004

Municipal indicators – definitions and sources 

Project team: 

Project Manager : 

Katerina Kostadinova-Daskalovska 

Authors of the Analysis: 

Prof. Ph.D. Verica Janeska 

Ph.D. Anica Dragovic 

Prof. Ph.D. Ilo Trajkovski 

Dimitar Bogov 

Aleksandar Ivanovski 

Methodology expert : 

Ljubinka Popovska Toseva 

Data base expert : 

Kliment Simoncev 

UNDP Support team: 

Vesna Dzuteska-Biseva, UNDP Macedonia 

Jordanka Cerepnalkova-Trajkoska, UNDP Macedonia 

Preparation of the indicators’ definitios: 

State Statistical Office 

Disclaimer 

The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official 

position of the United Nations Development Programme. 

The designations employed and the presentation of the material do not imply the expression 

of any opinion on the part of the United Nations Development Programme or the Secretariat of 

the United Nations concerning the legal status or name of any country, territory, city or area or of its 

authors, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Mention of firm names and 

commercial products does not imply endorsement by the United Nations. 

Design & Print: 

Reprint

CONTENTS 

CONTENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 

FOREWORD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 

1. DEMOGRAPHY 

Total population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 

Total population by sex and age . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 

Proportion of population under 15 years (as percentage of total) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 

Proportion of population aged 65 and over (as percentage of total) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 

Proportion of population aged 80 and over (as percentage of total) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 

Age dependency ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 

Report of masculinity of people aged 65 and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 

Average age . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 

Ethnic Population composition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 

Population per single age groups, sex and ethnic affiliation in 1994 and 2002 (plus average age) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 

Total population-mid-year estimations according to sex and age, 1998-2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 

Live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 

Deaths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 

Natural increase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 

Marriages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 

Crude birth rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33 

Total fertility rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34 

Crude mortality rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35 

Number of emigrants and immigrants (internal and external) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36 

Percentage of emigrants and immigrants in the total population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37 

Total natural increase for the between census period (1994-2002) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39 

Total enumerated persons according to declared ethnic affiliation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40 

Agricultural and non-agricultural population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42 

Households by type and size (according to the number of household members and type of the household, and 

households absent abroad up to one year) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43 

Number of households . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45 

Average size of household . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45 

Proportion of persons living in one-person households (Total population of Macedonia by age, sex and type of 

household, by municipality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47 

Percentage change of persons living in one-person households . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49 

Families by type and size (Families by type, composition and size according to type and size of the household) . .51 

Cohabitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53 

Percentage of single-parent families . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55 

Percentage change of single-parent families . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57 

Census 1994 and 2002: The total population of Macedonia according to declared ethnic affiliation, by sex, by 

municipalities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59 

2. LIVING AND WORKING CONDITIONS 

Number of living quarters by type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62 

Number of conventional dwellings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .64 

Number of non-/conventional dwellings ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66 

Percentage change of number of conventional dwellings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68 

Total number of dwellings by year of construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70 

Proportion of dwellings built before 1971 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .71 

Proportion of dwellings built after 1971 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72 

Useful living area in square metres (principal residence) 

Total number of dwellings according to number of rooms and total living area in square metres; useful living area 

in square metres per household member . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .73 

3

Total number of dwellings by type of occupancy and ownership, number of households and 

population living in . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76 

Proportion of owner-occupied conventional dwellings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79 

Prices of residential dwellings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81 

Proportion of households living in dwellings with bath or a shower and an indoor flushing toilet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84 

Proportion of households living in dwellings with central heating system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87 

Proportion of households having a 

-telephone 

-mobile phone 

-one or more TV 

PC and internet connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .89 

Total number of dwelling by having subsidiary rooms and number of household and persons living in . . . . . . . . . .90 

Total number of dwellings by having installation and number of household and persons living in . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .93 

Financial satisfaction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95 

Available funds according to the amount of financial means and value of natural consumption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .96 

Poverty gap index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .98 

Poverty severity index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .98 

Head count index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100 

Number of social benefits by type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .103 

Social benefits allocated to old age, disability and survivors situations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .104 

Share of social benefits allocated to family and children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .105 

Births attended by skilled health personnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .106 

Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .107 

Number of under five mortality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .108 

Under five mortality rate (U5MR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .109 

Maternal mortality rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .110 

Main causes of death . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111 

Deaths by suicide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .112 

Mortality infants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .113 

Length of the road network excluding motorways . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .114 

Length of the motorways network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .116 

Length of buses routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .117 

Number of public transport road vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .118 

Number of passengers embarking by air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .120 

Transport mode share for goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121 

Number of facilities for disabled and elderly people, children orphaned, mentally ill children and adults . . . . . . .122 

Number of social welfare centres within the municipality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .124 

3. EDUCATION, CULTURE AND CIVIL LIFE 

Number of kindergartens and number of students-children by sex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .125 

Number of primary and lower secondary schools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .126 

Number of upper secondary schools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .128 

Number of Special schools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .130 

Number of schools in tertiary education by type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .132 

Number of primary and lower secondary students . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .133 

Number of upper secondary education students . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .134 

Number of upper secondary education students by type of school . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .135 

Proportion of vocational education in upper secondary education students . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .137 

Enrolled students in undergraduate studies at faculties and higher schools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .138 

Percentage change of number of students attending tertiary education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .140 

Number of students attending tertiary education by community-place of residence. Proportion of students in second 

stage of tertiary education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .141 

Breakdown by sex of primary and lower secondary students . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .143 

Breakdown by sex of upper secondary students . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .145 

Breakdown by sex of students completing upper secondary school . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .146 

Breakdown by sex and age of students in tertiary education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .147 

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and lower secondary school . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .148 

4

Ratio of girls to boys in upper secondary school . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .149 

Ratio of girls to boys, in tertiary education-Number of students attending tertiary education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .150 

Median age of students (Together with indicator 137-Breakdown by sex and age of students in tertiary education) 

Number of schools with ethnic mix of students by level of education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .152 

Average number of pupils per teacher in tertiary education (Teachers and supporting staff by sex and ethnic affiliation 

and sex) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .153 

Number of primary and secondary schools, number of enrolled students and number of students completed 

school, according to sex and age by classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .154 

Children reaching grade 5 of primary education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .157 

Tertiary students in science, maths and engineering (as a percentage of all tertiary students) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .158 

Field of study choices of students in tertiary education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .159 

Average number of foreign languages per pupil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .160 

Number of school buildings (primary and secondary) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .161 

Size of schools (1-5, 6-8, 9-12 and 13+ classrooms) by type of schools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .162 

Main sources of heating: central or district heating, building furnace, individual heating sources in classrooms. 163 

Percentage of students are provided public transportation to schools 1-20 percent, 21-40 percent, 41-60 percent, 

61-80 percent, 81+ percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .164 

Number of cinemas 1998 -2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .165 

Number of theatres 1998 - 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .166 

Number of libraries 1998, 2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .167 

Number of museums . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .169 

People’s and workers’ universities and cultural homes (1996/97, 1999/2000, 2002/2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .170 

Number of radio stations and number of hours of performed programme according to the language and theme 

(177) 

Number of TV stations and number of hours of performed programme according to the language and theme 

(178) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .171 

Data on library members and users, number of visitors in cinemas, theatres, cultural events, people’s and workers’ 

universities and cultural centres 

*(in our opinion, in this indicator museum’s visitors should be included too) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .173 

Periodicals - newspapers and magazines 1998 - 2002 

Number of titles 

Printed copies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .175 

4. ECONOMY 

Average annual change in consumer price index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .176 

Number of employed / unemployed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .177 

Percentage engaged in employment sectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .179 

Breakdown by sex of employed persons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .181 

Breakdown by sex of unemployed population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .183 

Breakdown by age of unemployed persons (five-year age groups) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .185 

Breakdown by ethnic group of unemployed population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .187 

Portion of men and women in the economically active population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .189 

Duration of waiting/searching for an employment/job . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .191 

Percentage of unemployment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .193 

Unemployment by education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .195 

Youth unemployment (percentage of labour force aged 15-24), total - female – male . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .197 

Proportion of persons in employment working part-time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .199 

Unemployment rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .201 

Long-term unemployment (as percentage of labour force) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .203 

Activity rate according to sex and five year age groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .205 

Long working hours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .208 

Activity rate of women . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .210 

Proportion of women in employment working part-time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .213 

Activity rate breakdown by sectors of activity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .215 

Number of shops, inhabitants per a shop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .218 

Number of hotels and similar establishments per 100,000 inhabitants (or in absolute number) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .219 

Number of restaurants and number of cafes and bars per 100,000 inhabitants (or in absolute number) . . . . . . . .221 

5

Average number of bed places per hotels and similar establishments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .224 

Nights spent by residents and non-residents in all types of accommodations in absolute number . . . . . . . . . . . . . .226 

Gross occupancy rate of bed-places in hotels and similar establishment on an annual level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .228 

5. ENVIRONMENT 

Water consumption and refining of waste water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .230 

Emission of air pollution substances (P) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .232 

Air quality by municipalities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .232 

Human health exposure and risk by air pollutants (I) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .232 

Production of ODP by sector (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .232 

Sales/Consumption of ODP by sector (P) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .232 

Emissions of key source sectors (energy, transport, industry, agriculture, waste) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .233 

Inventory of greenhouse gases emissions (P) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .233 

State and impact due to Climate change (S) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .233 

Species diversity, endemic species, threatened species and their abundance in RM (S) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .233 

Designated areas and treats on biodiversity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .234 

Soil pollution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .234 

Soil erosion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .234 

Land use and land cover changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .234 

Water exploitation and the total freshwater resources in RM (P) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .234 

Drinking water quality (I) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .235 

Urban waste water treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .235 

Hazardous substances discharge by sectors in groundwater lakes and rivers (S) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .235 

Categories (quality) of water systems (S) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .236 

Total generation of waste by the type of waste . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .236 

Waste recovery by operation categories and waste stream: 

Sewerage sludge, waste tyres, paper and cardboard, glass, plastic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .236 

Land use of landfills, number and capacity of legal and illegal landfills as well as current volume . . . . . . . . . . . . . .236 

Current type of treatment in the municipalities in percentage of type of treatment mechanical sorting, 

composting, incineration, deposition, recycling) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .237 

Noise measurement locations and sources of noise. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .237 

6

FOREWORD 

This publication constitutes an integral part of the set of publications that are result of the 

project “ Mapping of the socio-economic disparities among municipalities in Macedonia”. In the 

publication are presented definitions, methodological explanations, data sources and responsible 

institutions for data collecting and processing, as well as contact persons - responsible for the corresponding 

surveys, for the major part of indicators represented in the first three publications. 

Definitions and methodological explanations for the indicators have been prepared in the 

State Statistical Office. 

The production of publication of this kind within the project has more objectives. First of all, to 

enable users to have better understending of the given analysis and data presented in the first three 

publications. Furthermore, to provide access for interested users to more information about the statistical 

data that are collected and processed in the official statistical system of Macedonia, and that 

will represent starting bases for establishing a meta database of surveys that are conducted in accordance 

with the Programme for statistical surveys. And at last, but as most important, to stimulate 

further work in the field of researching, testing and developing the list of indicators required to follow 

the development at regional and municipality level, and in the future at settlement level, as well. 

7

DEMOGRAPHY 

Short name 

Total population 

Place in the system of 

indicators 

Social statistics, Demography, Population 

Brief definition 

Total population: population (persons with their place of usual residence 

in Macedonia) present in the country, population (persons with 

their place of usual residence in Macedonia) temporarily absent abroad 

and foreigners present in the country for more than a year with permission 

to stay. 

Unit of measurement Persons 

Last data update 31.10.2002 

Source of data 

Responsible lead body, 

agency, institution for 

calculating indicator 

Census of the population, households and dwellings in Macedonia, 

2002 

State Statistical Office, 

Dame Gruev 4, Skopje, 

phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 

e-mail: Publikum@stat.gov.mk 

Webpage: www.stat.gov.mk 

Contact person Marina Mijovska, ++3892-3295617, 

marinam@stat.gov.mk 

Apostol Simovski, ++3892-3295614, 

apostol@stat.gov.mk 

Other contributing agencies 

References 

Methodological description 

Definition and concepts 

In accordance with the Census Law and the methodology of preparing 

and conducting the Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in 

Macedonia, a category of the Total Population consists of the following 

Census units: 

1. Persons who have their place of usual residence in Macedonia, regardless 

of whether at the time of the Census they are present at their place 

of usual residence or elsewhere in Macedonia; 

2. Foreigners who have a residence permit in Macedonia and are temporarily 

present in Macedonia for at least 12 months (one year), but who 

have their place of usual residence outside Macedonia; 

3. Persons who have their place of usual residence in Macedonia, who at 

the time of the Census, and for a maximum of 12 months (one year) prior 

to its being conducted, are working abroad, as well as the members of 

their households; 

9

Measurement method 

Formulas used 

Status of methodology and 

revisions 

Alternative indicator 

4. Persons who have their place of usual residence in Macedonia, and 

during the time of the Census are working abroad at the diplomatic and 

consular representative offices of Macedonia, the United Nations and its 

organizations, representative offices or being representatives of the 

Chamber of Commerce abroad, business offices abroad, military representatives 

of the Army of Macedonia, and citizens engaged on the bases 

of international, technical and other kinds of cooperation, education, as 

well as the members of their households who are staying abroad with 

the aforesaid persons; 

5. Persons who have their place of usual residence in Macedonia, but are 

not in possession of the documents pursuant to Article 39, item 1 from 

the Population Census Law, if they present the documents stated with 

Article 39 item 3 from the Population Census Law; 

Interview, face to face 

The methodology is defined according to the international standards 

recommended by the UN and EUROSTAT. 

10

DEMOGRAPHY 

Short name 

Total population by sex and age 


indicators 







to stay. 

- Sex: male and female; 

- Age: attained years of life. 








2002 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 








References 






Census units: 









11


Formulas used 


revisions 

















According to the sex the population is defined as male population and 

female population. 

The age is determined according to attained single years of life. 

Interview, face to face with contribution of the appropriate personal 

documents. 



12

DEMOGRAPHY 

Short name 

Proportion of population under 15 years (as percentage of total) 


indicators 







to stay. 


Unit of measurement percentage 




2002 






phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 








References 






Census units: 











13


Formulas used 


revisions 

















documents. 

population aged from 0 to 14 years 

............................................ x 100 

total population 



14

DEMOGRAPHY 

Short name 

Proportion of population aged 65 and over (as percentage of total) 


indicators 







to stay. 









2002 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 








References 






Census units: 









15


Formulas used 


revisions 



















documents. 

population aged 65 and over 

............................................ x 100 




16

DEMOGRAPHY 

Short name 

Proportion of population aged 80 and over (as percentage of total) 


indicators 







to stay. 









2002 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 








References 






Census units: 









17


Formulas used 


revisions 

















The age is determining according to attained single years of life. 


documents. 


............................................ x 100 




18

DEMOGRAPHY 

Short name 


indicators 


Unit of measurement 

Last data update 





Age dependency ratio 


The age dependency ratio is a rude index that measures the influence of 

the demographic changes in the ‘social overload’, i.e. it shows the relationship 

of the old and the young population in relation to the active 

population. 


2002 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 








References 






Census units: 












19


Formulas used 


revisions 














The age is determining according to attained single years of life. 


documents. 


............................................x 100 




20

DEMOGRAPHY 

Short name 

Report of masculinity of people aged 65 and over 


indicators 







to stay. 


- Masculinity: Number of male persons in relation to the number of 

female persons. 








2002 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 








References 






Census units: 








21


Formulas used 


revisions 





















Masculinity: Number of male persons in relation to the number of 

female persons. 


documents. 

male population aged 65 and over 

............................................x 1000 

female population aged 65 and over 



22

DEMOGRAPHY 

Short name 


indicators 








Average age 


An average age means arithmetical medium of age of the determined 

group of population. 

years 

Vital statistics, estimation of population 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 








References 




Formulas used 

An average age means arithmetic mean of age of the determined group 

of population. 

An average age is counted with absolute numbers. An average age can 

be counted according to the single ages and five years age groups. 

According to the single years 

∑ (x+0.5)* Px PV= an average age 

PV = ——————————- 

x = age 

∑Ph 

Px = number of population aged x 

According to the five years age groups 

∑ (x+2.5)*5Px PV=an average age 

PV = —————————- x= the lower age from five years 

∑5Px 

group 

Px=number of population aged from x to x+5 


revisions 


23

DEMOGRAPHY 

Short name 

Ethnic Population composition 


indicators 







to stay. 

- Declaration by ethnic affiliation - freely expressed volition of the persons 

- units of the Census (Population) 








2002 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 








References 






Census units: 








24

















In accordance with the Census Law and the Census Methodology, persons 

- units of the Census could be declared by their ethnic affiliation, 

freely and without any influence. In accordance with the Constitution 

and the Law, persons - units of the Census could, for private reasons, 

refrain from declaring his/her ethnic affiliation. 


Formulas used 


revisions 


Interview, face to face with free expression of their volition 



25

DEMOGRAPHY 

Short name Population per single age groups, sex and ethnic affiliation in 1994 

and 2002 (plus average age) 


indicators 







to stay. 


- units of the Census 


Last data update 20.06.1994 and 31.10.2002 






2002 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 








References 






Census units: 







26


Formulas used 


revisions 






















and the Law, persons - units of the Census could, for private reasons, 





An average age means arithmetic mean of age of the determined group 

of population. 


Average age according to the single years 

∑ (x+0.5)* Px PV= an average age 

PV = ——————————- x = age 

∑Ph 

Px = number of population aged x 

Average age according to the five years age groups 

∑ (x+2.5)*5Px PV=an average age 

PV = —————————- x= the lower age from five years 

∑5Px 

group 

Px=number of population aged from x to x+5 



27

DEMOGRAPHY 

Short name 

Total population-mid-year estimations according to sex and age, 

1998-2002 


indicators 



Mid-year estimations are preparing on the basis of the data of the 

Census of Population, the data of born children, deceased persons and 

the net migration during the one year. 


- units of the Census 








2002 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 








References 




Formulas used 


revisions 


Mid-year estimations are preparing on the basis of the data of the 

Census of Population, the data of born children, deceased persons and 

the net migrations during the one year. 





Population of the Census (or estimation of population for the previous 

year of the year for making estimations for) + born during the year - 

deceased during the year + net migrations during the year. 



28

DEMOGRAPHY 

Short name 

Live births 


indicators 



Any child which, after birth, even for a short time, shows signs of life 

(breathing, heartbeat), irrespective of the duration of pregnancy of the 

mother or length of life after birth - is considered a live birth child. 

Unit of measurement Live birth child 

Last data update May 2003 





Vital statistics, statistical surveys for births 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 



Contact person Danica Mitkovska, ++3892-3295816, 

danicam@stat.gov.mk 

Ace Pavlovski, ++3892-3295616, 

acep@stat.gov.mk 

Other contributing agencies literature, websites 

References 




Formulas used 


revisions 


Any child which, after birth, even for a short time, shows signs of life 

(breathing, heartbeat), irrespective of the duration of pregnancy of the 

mother or length of life after birth - is considered a live birth child. 

Records are collected and processed, yearly 

Administrative source 

Adopted according to international standard 

29

DEMOGRAPHY 

Short name 

Deaths 


indicators 



A dead person is every live birth person in which there is permanent disappearance 

of all evidence of life 

Unit of measurement dead person 






Vital statistics, statistical surveys for deaths 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 



Contact person 

Danica Mitkovska, 

++3892-3295816, 


Ace Pavlovski, 

++3892-3295616, 



References 




Formulas used 


revisions 


A dead person is every live birth person in which there is permanent disappearance 

of all evidence of life 




30

DEMOGRAPHY 

Short name 


indicators 








Natural increase 


Natural increase of the population is the difference between the number 

of live births and the number of dead persons in a given period of time 

persons 

Vital statistics, statistical survey for births and deaths 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 





++3892-3295816, 



++3892-3295616, 



References 




Natural increase of the population is the difference between the number 

of live births and the number of dead persons in a given period of time 

The natural increase could be positive, when the number of live births 

children is higher than the number of dead persons, and negative, when 

the number of live births children is lower than the number of dead persons 

For calculation are used number of live births and number or dead persons 

in absolute numbers 

Formulas used PR = N -M; PR = natural increase 

N = number for live births 

M = number for dead persons 


revisions 


31

DEMOGRAPHY 

Short name 

Marriages 


indicators 



Marriage is a union which is settled in accordance with the valid legal 

regulations by two persons of the opposite sex and which the interest of 

partners, family and the society has been performed 

Unit of measurement every valid legal marriage 







Vital statistics, statistical survey for marriages 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++3892-3295816, danicam@stat.gov.mk 


++3892-3295616, 


Marina Mijovska, 

++3892-3295617 


References 




Formulas used 


revisions 


Marriage is a union which is settled in accordance with the valid legal 

regulations by two persons of the opposite sex and which the interest of 

partners, family and the society has been performed 



32

DEMOGRAPHY 

Short name 


indicators 


Crude birth rate 

Unit of measurement number for live births by 1,000 



Crude birth rate is the number for live births divided by the average 

number of population multiplied by 1,000 






Vital statistics, statistical survey for live births and population estimations 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++3892-3295816, 



++3892-3295616, 



References 


Definition and concepts Crude birth rate is the number for live births divided by the average 

number of population multiplied by 1,000 

Measurement method For calculation are used data for live births divided by the average number 

of population, (in absolute numbers), multiplied by 1,000 

Formulas used N n = crude birth rate 

n = ————- * 1000 N = livebirths 

P P = average number of population 


revisions 


33

DEMOGRAPHY 

Short name 

Total fertility rate 


indicators 



TFR is the average number of live born children per one woman in reproductive 

age (15-49) in the calendar year. 

Unit of measurement number of children 

Last data update = 






Vital statistics, statistical survey for births 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 



Marina Mijovska,++3892-3295617 


Apostol Simovski, ++3892-3295-614 



References 



TFR is the average number of live born children per one woman in reproductive 

age (15-49) in the calendar year or the sum of age specific fertility 

rates. Measurement method Formulas used The calculation of 

TFR by five-year age groups: 

49 

TFR = 5 *∑ 5fx 

15 

5fx = age specific fertility rates for age x to (x+5) in the calendar year. 


revisions 


34

DEMOGRAPHY 

Short name 


indicators 


Crude mortality rate 

Unit of measurement number for deaths by 1000 



Crude mortality rate is the number a death divided by the average number 

of population multiplied by 1000 






Vital statistics, statistical survey for deaths and population estimations 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++3892-3295816, 


Ace Pavlovski, ++3892-3295616, 



References 


Definition and concepts Crude birth rate is the number for deaths divided by the average number 

of population multiplied by 1,000 

Measurement method For calculation are used data for deaths divided by the average number 

of population, (in absolute numbers), multiplied by 1000 

Formulas used M m = crude mortality rate 

m = ————- * 1000 M = deaths 

P P = average number of population 


revisions 


35

DEMOGRAPHY 

Short name 

Number of emigrants and immigrants (internal and external) 


indicators 



The statistics of migrants covers the persons that are moving within 

Macedonia (internal migrations), from Macedonia into other countries 

and persons that are coming from other countries into Macedonia 

(external migrations). 

Unit of measurement persons 

Last data update April 2003 






Statistical survey for migration 

Survey is based on the administrative evidence. 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++3892-3295617 


Apostol Simovski, 

++3892-3295-614 



References 




Formulas used 


revisions 


The person that has immigrated/emigrated is considered to be any person 

who migrates within the same municipality; from one to another 

settlement on the territory of other municipality, as well as the person 

who migrates from Macedonia into another country and inversely. 

Internal migrations: cover the changes in the place of residence within 

Macedonia, i.e. migrations inside in the country. 

External migrations: cover the movements of the citizens of Macedonia 

from Macedonia into another country and inversely as well as the movement 

of foreigners, i.e. the migrations between the countries. 

Survey is based on the administrative evidence through the Ministry of 

the Interior. 

The methodology in the biggest part is defined on the basis of the international 

standards. 

36

DEMOGRAPHY 

Short name 

Percentage of emigrants and immigrants in the total population 


indicators 



Percentage-structure of migrants in relation to the total population. 


Last data update 2002 






Statistical survey for migration and estimations of population 

30.06.1998, 1999, 2000 and 2001. 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++3892-3295617 


Apostol Simovski, ++3892-3295-614 



References 



MIGRATIONS: The person that has immigrated/emigrated is considered 

to be any person who migrates within the same municipality; from one 

to another settlement on the territory of other municipality, as well as 

the person who migrates from Macedonia into another country and 

inversely. 

THE TOTAL POPULATION consists of: 









37

















Formulas used 


revisions 


Immigrants 

D = —————————————— X 100 


Emigrants 

O = —————————————— X 100 


D is the participation of the number of immigrants in the total population 

and O is the participation of the number of emigrants in the total 

population. 

38

DEMOGRAPHY 

Short name Total natural increase for the between census period (1994-2002) 


indicators 



Distinction between the number of born children and deceased persons 

during the one defined period of time. 


Last data update 1995 - 2003 






Vital statistics, statistical survey of born children and statistical survey of 

deceased persons. 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++3892-3295617 



++3892-3295-614 



References 




Formulas used 


revisions 


Distinction between the number of born children and deceased persons 

during the one defined period of time. 

Survey is based on the administrative evidence through the Ministry of 

the Interior. 

PP = R - U where: 

PP is natural increase, 

R is number of born children and 

U is number of deceased persons 

Complete harmonization with the international standards. 

39

DEMOGRAPHY 

Short name 

Total enumerated persons according to declared ethnic affiliation 


indicators 



- Total enumerated population: all persons - units of the Census. 










2002 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 





References 


++3892-3295617, 






The Census of Population, Households and Dwellings, 2002 covered the 

following persons - units of the Census: 












40













6. Foreigners with an acknowledged status of refugee who at the time of 

the Census are present in Macedonia; 

7. Foreigners with an acknowledged status of temporary humanitarian 

protection who at the time of the Census are present in Macedonia; 

8. Other persons who at the time of the Census are present on the territory 

of Macedonia, except persons mentioned in the previous two categories. 




and the law, persons - units of the Census could, for private reasons, 



Formulas used 


revisions 





41

DEMOGRAPHY 

Short name 

Agricultural and non-agricultural population 


indicators 



The agricultural population consists of active persons who have an 

occupation according to the National Classification of occupations, 

which is applied in the Census, and it is divided into: Agriculture, hunting, 

forestry and fishery, and persons who are supported by them. 








2002 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 





References 


++3892-3295617, 




Suzana Stojanovska, ++3892-3295815, 

suzanast@stat.gov.mk 




Formulas used 


revisions 


The agricultural population consists of active persons who have an 

occupation according to the National Classification of occupations, 

which is applied in the Census, and it is divided into: Agriculture, hunting, 

forestry and fishery, and persons who are supported by them. 


persons who are performing an activity in agriculture + persons supported 

by persons who are performing an activity in agriculture 



42

DEMOGRAPHY 

Short name 

Number of households 


indicators 


Households by type and size (according to the number of household 

members and type of the household, and households absent 

abroad up to one year) 

Social statistics, Demography, Households 

A household is considered to be a family or some other community of 

persons who will declare themselves to be living together and spending 

their incomes collectively for their basic living needs (housing, food and 

other things), regardless of whether all household members are present 

at the place where the household is settled, or if some of them are staying 

for a certain period of time at some other settlement, respectively a 

foreign country for the purpose of work, education or for other reasons. 

According to the type, households can be individual and collective 

households, and according to the size can be single-person households 

(households with one member), or with two, three, four and more members. 

Unit of measurement number of households 


Source of data Census of Population, Households and Dwellings, 2002 






References 




phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++3892-3295617, 



++3892-3295614, 


Suzana Stojanovska, 

++3892-3295815, 


43



Formulas used 


revisions 









A household is also considered to be any person who lives alone (‘single 

person household’), and who has no other household elsewhere. 

A household is also considered the so-called collective (institutional) 

household, i.e. a household consisting of persons who live in institutions 

for permanent care of children and adults, in monasteries/convents and 

hospitals for incurable persons. 

According to the type, households can be individual and collective 

households, and according to the size can be single-person households 

(households with one member), or with two, three, four and more members. 

Collection of data by interview, face to face 



44

DEMOGRAPHY 

Short name 


indicators 


Average size of household 









Unit of measurement persons - household members 








References 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++3892-3295617, 



++3892-3295614, 



++3892-3295815, 










45









Formulas used 


revisions 



Total number of household members 

...................................................................... 

Total number of the individual households 



46

DEMOGRAPHY 

Short name Proportion of persons living in one-person households 

(Total population of Macedonia by age, sex and type of household, 

by municipality 


indicators 



TOTAL POPULATION: persons with their place of usual residence in 

Macedonia present in the country, persons with their place of usual residence 

in Macedonia temporarily absent abroad and foreigners present 

in the country for more than a year with permission to stay. 








Unit of measurement Percentage 








References 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++3892-3295617, 





++3892-3295815, 






47


Formulas used 


revisions 



Census units: 






































Number of persons living in one-person households 

...................................................................... 




48

DEMOGRAPHY 

Short name 

Percentage change of persons living in one-person households 


indicators 



TOTAL POPULATION persons with their place of usual residence in 

Macedonia present in the country, population (persons with their place 

of usual residence in Macedonia) temporarily absent abroad and foreigners 

present in the country for more than a year with permission to 

stay. 








Percentage change of the participation of persons in one-person households 

shows the increasing or decreasing of the number of these persons 

in 2002 in relation to 1994. 

Unit of measurement Index 






Census of Population, Households, Dwellings and Agricultural Holdings, 

1994 and Census of Population, Households and Dwellings, 2002 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 





References 




++3892-3295617, 



++3892-3295614, 



++3892-3295815, 



49



Census units: 





































Measurement method Collection of data by interview, face to face 

Formulas used Participation of persons living in one-person households in 2002 

...................................................................... + 100 

Participation of persons living in one-person households in 1994 

Status of methodology 

and revisions 




50

DEMOGRAPHY 

Short name 


indicators 


Families by type and size 

(Families by type, composition and size according to type and size 

of the household) 


Family (nuclear family) is a family union consisting of a married couple 

or parents (two or one) and their unmarried children. A family refers to a 

cohabiting male-female couple also; i.e. male partner and female partner 

who live together, but who are not legally married. 








Unit of measurement families 








References 




phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++3892-3295617, 



++3892-3295614, 



++3892-3295815, 


51



Formulas used 


revisions 















Family 





In accordance with the definition of nuclear family, the following types 

of families can be recognized: 

- married couple without children; 

- married couple with unmarried child/children; 

- partners that are not married, without children 

-parents (cohabiting couple) with unmarried child/children; 

- single mother with unmarried child/children; 

- single father with unmarried child/children 




52

DEMOGRAPHY 

Short name 

Cohabitation 


indicators 







Unit of measurement families 








References 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++3892-3295617, 



++3892-3295614, 



++3892-3295815, 








In accordance with the definition of nuclear family, the following types 

of families can be recognized: 

- married couple without children; 

- married couple with unmarried child/children; 

- partners that are not married, without children 

-parents (cohabiting couple) with unmarried child/children; 

53


Formulas used 


revisions 


- single mother with unmarried child/children; 

- single father with unmarried child/children 




54

DEMOGRAPHY 

Short name 

Percentage of single-parent families 


indicators 







Families with a single parent can be: 

- mother with unmarried child/children 

- father with unmarried child/children 









References 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++3892-3295617, 



++3892-3295614, 











55


Formulas used 

Total number of families 


revisions 





Number of families with a single parent 

...................................................................... x 100 



56

DEMOGRAPHY 

Short name 

Percentage change of single-parent families 


indicators 










Percentage change of the participation of families with a single parent 

shows the increasing or decreasing of the number of these types of families 

in 2002 compared to 1994. 

Unit of measurement Index 






Census of Population, Households, Dwellings and Agricultural Holdings, 

1994 and Census of Population, Households and Dwellings, 2002 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 





References 


++3892-3295617, 



++3892-3295614, 



++3892-3295815, 





or parents (two or one) and their never-married children. A family refers 

57

to a cohabiting male-female couple also; i.e. male partner and female 

partner who live together, but who are not legally married. 




Percentage change of the participation of families with a single parent 

shows the increasing or decreasing of the number of these types of families 

in 2002 compared to 1994. 


Formulas used percentage of families with a single parent in 2002 I 2002/1994 = 

...................................................................... x 100 

percentage of families with a single parent in 1994 


revisions 




58

DEMOGRAPHY 

Short name 

Census 1994 and 2002: The total population of Macedonia according 

to declared ethnic affiliation, by sex, by municipalities 


indicators 

Geographical data 






to stay. 











References 

Census of the Population, Households, Dwellings and Agricultural holdings 

in Macedonia, 1994 Census of the Population, Households and 

Dwellings in Macedonia, 2002 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++3892-3295617, 




Suzana stojanovska, 

++3892-3295815, 





and conducting the Census of Population, Households, Dwellings and 

Agricultural Holdings in Macedonia,1994 a category of the Total 

Population consists of the following Census units: 

1. Persons who have an official (legal) place of residence in Macedonia, 

regardless of whether at the time of the Census they are present at their 

59

official place of residence or elsewhere in Macedonia; 



have an official (legal) place of residence outside Macedonia; 


who at the time of the Census, and for a maximum of 12 months (one 

year) prior to its being conducted, are working abroad, as well as the 

members of their households; 


and during the time of the Census are working abroad at the diplomatic 

and consular representative offices of Macedonia, the United Nations 

and its organizations, representative offices or being representatives of 

the Chamber of Commerce abroad, business offices abroad, military 

representatives of the Army of Macedonia, and citizens engaged on the 

bases of international, technical and other kinds of cooperation, education, 

as well as the members of their households who are staying abroad 

with the aforesaid persons; 




Census units: 


























60


and the law, persons - units of the Census could, for private reasons, 



Formulas used 


revisions 





61

LIVING AND WORKING CONDITIONS 

Short name 

Number of living quarters by type 


indicators 

Social statistics, Living conditions, Housing 


Living quarters are dwellings (conventional) and/or other occupied 

premises or constructions which are not designed for habitation, but 

during the Census they are used for habitation. 

Unit of measurement Number of living quarters 

Last data update 31.10. 2002 







phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 





++3892-3295617, 



++3892-3295614, 


Elena Sarafinoska, 

++3892-3295797, 

elenas@stat.gov.mk 


References 

Publication and CD edited by SSO 


Definition and concepts According to the methodology for preparing and carrying out the 

Census of population, households and dwellings in Macedonia, 2002, 

Living Quarters are (conventional) dwellings for habitation and other 

occupied premises or constructions which are not designed for habitation, 

but during the Census they are used for habitation. 

Living quarters are divided into: 

Dwelling, in individual or collective building 

Other inhabited premises not designed for habitation (common space, 

laundry-room, drying-room, etc.) located in buildings for habitation; 

Occupied business premises (office, hotel room, shop etc.); 

Improvised living quarters (tent, wagon, shop, etc.); 

Collective living quarters 

Dwelling (conventional) is a constructional connected totality for habi- 

62

tation, regardless of whether in the moment of the Census was used: for 

living only, for living and performing an activity, for performing an 

activity only, for vacation and recreation or it is unoccupied but structurally 

solid dwelling. 

The dwelling should have a separate access from the street or directly 

through the yard or tract of land or access through the common space 

in the building (stairs, passage, hallway, etc.), and could have one or 

more entrances. 

Living quarters which are not conventional dwellings by the definition 

but are used as such during the Census are: other occupied premises 

which are not designed for habitation, occupied business premises, 

improvised living quarters or collective living quarters. 

Other occupied premises in residential or non-residential buildings 

which are not designed for living but are used as such during the Census, 

and that are common spaces in the buildings such as: shop, laundries, 

drying places and other premises. 


Formulas used 


revisions 


Business premises which are used as living quarters, during the Census, 

and those are: warehouses, offices, shops and similar, and hotel and 

hospital premises which are used as living quarters during the Census. 

Improvised living quarters, concerning premises or constructions which 

are not designed for habitation such as: tents, trailers, abandoned wagons 

and similar spaces adapted for living. 

Collective living quarters, concerning institutions for permanent care of 

children and adults, cloisters, long-stay sanatoria and similar institutions 

that accommodate a large number of people. 


The methodology is determined on the basis of international standards 

recommended by UN and EUROSTAT 

63


Short name 

Number of conventional dwellings 


indicators 



Dwelling (conventional) is a constructional connected totality for habitation, 

regardless of whether in the moment of the Census was used: for 




Unit of measurement Number of conventional dwellings 








References 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++3892-3295617, 



++3892-3295614, 



++3892-3295797, 





According to the methodology for preparing and carrying out the 


Conventional dwelling is a constructional connected totality for habitation, 




solid dwelling 




64


Formulas used 


revisions 



Living quarters can be considered as a dwelling if it has at least one 

room of a minimum of 6 m 2 . The dwelling should (but does not have to) 

have the following elements: 

Auxiliary facilities (kitchen, bathroom, toilet, hallway, etc.); 

installations (electricity, water supply, sewerage disposal system and 

central heating). 

The room/rooms structurally separated from the main premises of the 

dwelling, but accommodated for use of the household during the whole 

year, and located in another building on the same parcel or in the same 

building but has a separate entrance, is considered as part of the 

dwelling and its surface is included in the total floor surface of the 

dwelling. 

Total floor surface of the dwelling will also include the separately constructed 

premises (bathroom, toilet) if they are not contained within the 

dwelling. 

The Census, in general, includes only the completely finished dwellings. 

The dwelling is considered as completed if all projected construction 

works, plumbing and final (craft) works are completed, so that the 

dwelling is accommodated for occupancy. A completed dwelling can be 

located in a building which is not completely finished, for example a 

building with uncompleted plastering of the external walls. 




65


Short name 

Place in the system 

of indicators 


Number of non-/conventional dwellings ratio 







Non-conventional dwellings are living quarters which are not conventional 

dwellings by the definition but are used as such during the 

Census, and that are: other occupied premises which are not designed 

for habitation, occupied business premises, improvised living quarters 

or collective living quarters. 

Unit of measurement Number of non-conventional dwellings/ Number of conventional 

dwellings 








References 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++3892-3295617, 



++3892-3295614, 



++3892-3295797, 






66













and that are common spaces in the buildings like: shop, laundries, drying 

places and other premises. 

Business premises which are used as living quarters during the Census 










Formulas used 


revisions 



Number of non-conventional dwellings 

...................................................................... 




67


Short name 

Percentage change of number of conventional dwellings 


indicators 









Last data update 20.06.1994 and 31.10. 2002 







References 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++3892-3295617, 



++3892-3295614, 



++3892-3295797, 














68






and that are common spaces in the buildings like: shop, laundries, drying 

places and other premises. 

Business premises which are used as living quarters during the Census 









Measurement method Interview, face to face 

Formulas used Number of conventional dwellings 2002 

...................................................................... x 100 

Number of conventional dwellings 1994 


revisions 




69


Short name 

Total number of dwellings by year of construction 


indicators 









Number of dwellings 








References 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++3892-3295617, 



++3892-3295614, 


Elena Sarafinoska, ++3892-3295797, 





Formulas used 


revisions 


According to the methodology for preparing and carry out the Census of 

population, households and dwellings in Macedonia, 2002, 









70


Short name Proportion of dwellings built before 1971 


indicators 









percentage 





calculating indicator State Statistical Office, Dame Gruev 4, 1000 Skopje; +389 2 3295 600; 

fax +389 2 3111 336; 

www.stat.gov.mk 



++3892-3295617, 



++3892-3295614, 



++3892-3295797, 



References 












Formulas used Number of dwellings built before 1971 

......................................................................x 100 

Number of dwellings 2002 


revisions 




71


Short name Proportion of dwellings built after 1971 


indicators 
















References 





phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++3892-3295617, 



++3892-3295614, 



++3892-3295797, 









Measurement method Interview, face to face 

Formulas used Number of dwellings built after 1971 

......................................................................x 100 

Number of dwellings 2002 


revisions 




72


Short name 


indicators 


Unit of measurement Number of dwellings, m 2 


Useful living area in square metres (principal residence) 

Total number of dwellings according to number of rooms and total 

living area in square metres; useful living area in square metres 

per household member 







A room is a spatial unit of a dwelling intended for habitation and which 

is separated from the other rooms by stable walls, has direct daylight 

and the floor surface is at least 6m 2 . Direct daylight means the light 

entering through the window of the room and coming from outside: 

street, yard, terrace or illuminating window, etc. 

Floor surface of the dwelling is a sum of the useful floor spaces of the 

dwelling including covered porches (75 percent of floor surface), roofed 

terraces (50 percent of floor surface), balconies and open terraces (25 

percent of their floor surface). 














phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 





++3892-3295617, 


73






References 















room of a minimum of 6m 2 . The dwelling should (but does not have to) 





The room/rooms structurally separated from the main premises of the 

dwelling, but accommodated for use of the household during the whole 

year, and located in another building on the same parcel or in the same 

building but has a separate entrance, is considered as part of the 


dwelling. 

The total floor surface of the dwelling will also include the separately 

constructed premises (bathroom, toilet) if they are not contained within 

the dwelling. 

A room is a spatial unit of a dwelling intended for habitation and which 

is separated from the other rooms by stable walls, has direct daylight 

and the floor surface is at least 6m 2 . Direct daylight means the light 

entering through the window of the room and coming from outside: 

street, yard, terrace or illuminating window, etc. 

The rooms smaller than 6m 2 are not included in the total number of 

rooms, but their floor surface is included in the total floor surface of the 

dwelling. 

In the total number of rooms is included a room which is separated from 

the main premises of the dwelling but is used by the household during 

the whole year. 

If there is a kitchen in the dwelling, it is excluded from the total number 

of rooms. 

74


Formulas used 


revisions 


Floor surface of the dwelling is a sum of the useful floor spaces of the 

dwelling including covered porches (75 percent of floor surface), roofed 

terraces (50 percent of floor surface), balconies and open terraces (25 

percent of their floor surface). 

In the floor surface of the dwelling are included rooms which are presented 

as separated premises of the dwelling. 

In the floor surface of the dwelling are included bathroom and toilet 

(with all accessories) which are outside of the dwelling as a construction 

and that is only when this premises are not in the dwelling structure. 









Floor surface 

...................................................................... 

Number of household members 



75


Short name 

Total number of dwellings by type of occupancy and ownership, 

number of households and population living in 


indicators 








Occupancy status 

For living only 

For living and performing an activity 

For performing an activity only 

Non-occupied (vacant) dwelling 

Dwelling in a weekend house 

Dwelling in a family house 

Dwelling in another type of building 

Dwellings used during seasonal agricultural works 








Unit of measurement Number of dwellings/Number of households/Number of persons 








phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 









76


References 




















The room/rooms constructional separated from the main premises of 

the dwelling, but accommodated for use of the household during the 

whole year, and located in another building on the same parcel or in the 

same building but has a separate entrance, is considered as part of the 


dwelling. 



the dwelling. 

Occupancy status 

For living only is for the dwelling which is used by one or more households 

during the whole year for permanent habitation; 

For living and performing an activity is for dwelling which is used for 

permanent habitation and for performing an activity (dressmaking, 

hairdressing, shoemaking, etc., or some rooms are rented to tourists; or 

in the dwelling there is a lawyer’s office, art-studio, dentist’s office, 

agency of some business entity, etc.); 

For performing an activity that is only for dwelling, used for performing 

an activity although it has not been reconstructed (adapted) as a working 

space. This modality also concerns dwellings exclusively used for 

renting to tourists; 

Non-occupied (vacant) dwelling is a dwelling which is vacant because it 

is new and unoccupied yet (although moving in is allowed) or is empty 

due to moving out, adaptation, repairs, etc.; 

77


Formulas used 


revisions 


Dwellings for vacation and recreation in a weekend house are dwellings 

built or purchased to be used for vacation and recreation only, in a 

weekend houses, villas, fishing and hunting cabins; 

Dwellings for vacation and recreation in a family houses are dwellings 

formerly used as a permanent residence and now are unoccupied and 

used only occasionally during the year for vacation and recreation. Such 

dwellings are usually found in rural settlements; 

Dwellings for vacation and recreation in another type of building are 

dwellings located in a residential building with more dwellings where all 

or some of the dwellings are used for vacation and recreation and the 

rest of them are used for permanent residences, as well as the dwellings 

used for vacation and recreation located in another type of buildings; 

Used during seasonal agricultural work 

This modality is for dwellings used for stay during agricultural work in a 

settlement where the dwelling is located. 








Persons who are present and enumerated on the territory of Macedonia 

at the time of the Census. 




78


Short name 

Proportion of owner-occupied conventional dwellings 


indicators 








Tenure status 

Owner 

Tenant in a dwelling owned by state 

Sub-tenant in the dwelling-private property (the whole dwelling) 

Sub-tenant in the dwelling-private property (the part of the dwelling) 

User of social dwelling 

Kinship 

Other 









References 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++3892-3295617, 



++3892-3295614, 



++3892-3295797, 






79





















dwelling. 



the dwelling. 

Tenure status 

Owner of the dwelling is when one of the members of the household in 

the dwelling is an owner of the whole dwelling or on a part of it; 

Owner of the dwelling is when there is one or more owners for the same 

dwelling and when each of them owns part of the dwelling; 

Owner of the dwelling is when, besides the household who owns the 

dwelling, in the same dwelling there lives another one-person or family 

household, as a tenant of part of the dwelling, or a household in kinship. 


Formulas used 


revisions 



Number of owner-occupied conventional dwellings 

...................................................................... x 100 




80


Short name 

Prices of residential dwellings 


indicators 


Brief definition Average prices of residential dwellings for which the construction on 1 

m 2 housing area is contracted 

Unit of measurement Denars/1 m 2 

Last data update December 2003 





The data are based on the statistical survey biannual survey for the 

prices of the dwellings - GRAD 41. The prices on the new constructed 

dwellings should be covered, i.e. to be registered all housing buildings 

for which a contract for construction is signed and to provide data for 

the price of the dwelling. 

The lower level of the geographical coverage is the municipality and settlement. 

Regarding the definition for the building and dwelling, a definition 

according to the Programme of the current statistical surveys for housing 

and the definition for the statistics of construction for the countries 

in the region, is used. 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 





References 

Lence Nedanovska, Head of sector for business statistics 

Zoran Stanojkovski, Head of the Department for Industry, Energy, 

Construction and Public Statistics and Business Trends 

Zoran Naumovski, +389 2 3295 751, 

e-mail zorann@stat.gov.mk 

Statistical review for Construction, published by the State Statistical 

Office; www.stat.gov.mk; 



Construction is any separated, freestanding functional whole (subterranean, 

on the ground and waterworks), whose purpose is determined 

in advance and it is located in a determined area. 

According to the type, constructions as a part of construction activity, 

are classified into: 

81

Buildings 

Civil engineering works 

Waterwork constructions 

Measurement units 

The dwelling 

- buildings 

- civil engineering works 

- waterworks 

deal with construction of buildings which are mainly on the surface of 

the earth, and which are built up high. In this group, are included all residential 

and business buildings, respectively, all of the buildings which 

are associate units to the constructions of civil engineering works and 

waterworks (terminal buildings, airport buildings, transformer stations, 

harbour terminals, silos, etc.). 

deal with building of constructions which are mainly located on the surface 

of the earth. In this group there are included such constructions as: 

roads, railways, bridges, tunnels, etc. 

are the part of construction technique which comprises constructions 

connected with water and its exploitation. In this group are included: 

dams, dikes, land cultivation systems, drainage works, etc. 

Building units as elements of buildings and according to the nomenclature, 

are classified into two groups: residential and non-residential 

buildings. 

The constructions and construction works which are finished or they are 

still performing, are presented in the corresponding measurement units 

or value data (in denars). 

The dwellings, except by number, are presented by floor space (in m 2 ), 

which according to the methodological directions for construction statistics 

in the State Statistical Office of Macedonia, presents a sum of the 

floor space of all rooms and auxiliaries in the dwelling, measured inside 

the walls. So, it means, floor space and 75 percent of porch floor space, 

50 percent of roofed terraces floor space and 25 percent of open terraces 

floor space. 

Type of residential dwelling 

is a constructional connected totality intended for habitation, which 

comprises one or more rooms and auxiliaries (kitchen, lobby, bathroom, 

toilet, shop, etc.). The dwelling should have separated access from the 

street side or over the yard or tract of land or access over common space 

in the building (stairs, passage, hallway, etc.), and it should have one or 


Type of residential dwellings: 

- Efficiency flats and one-room dwellings 

The efficiency flat is a dwelling of one room, bathroom and lobby and it 

is with or without kitchenette. 

One-room dwelling is a dwelling of one room, kitchen and auxiliaries or 

one room without kitchen but with other auxiliaries. 

In this division are included the separated rooms relating the dwellings 

which are composed of only one room without auxiliaries. 

- two-room dwellings 

- three-room dwellings 

- four-room dwellings 

82

- five and more room dwellings 

Two-room, three-room, four-room and five and more room dwellings 

are the dwellings of two, three, four and five or more rooms and partly 

or completely with auxiliaries. 

According to the usage, the dwellings are: for habitation, for habitation 

and performing an activity, only for performing an activity, for vacation 

and recreation and they could be temporarily unoccupied or abandoned. 

Year (period) of construction 

Buildings 

Price 


Formulas used 


revisions 


Installation facilities 

The dwelling has installations for water, sewerage, electricity and central 

heating if they are installed in at least one of the premises, regardless 

of whether they are connected to the public system or to some other 

structure. 

Type of ownership 

Three types of ownership are covered with this survey: 

private 

social (communal) 

other 

The year of construction of the dwelling is the year when the dwelling 

was built, rebuilt or repaired, which could be the case with older buildings 

but which could also be the case with the dwellings that are reconstructed, 

for example: a common space in a building become a dwelling 

for habitation, or some business space becomes a habitation space, etc. 

A building is any structure which has four independent walls and one or 

more entrances (with one or more house numbers). The building could 

be detached or attached (two buildings with one common wall) or it 

could be a row of several buildings with one common wall, it could be on 

a slanting tract of land and similar. 

A contracted price of the dwelling is a money expression of the value of 

the product defined on the basis of the calculation of the cost at the 

beginning of the construction and also on the basis of the contract 

between the performer and the investor. 

The main source of the data are the statistics of the price of the dwellings 

There are no other sources. 

The calculation of the average price is according to the methodological 

procedure that provides its representativeness. 

According to the definitions for the building and dwelling, a Programme 

for the current statistical surveys for housing and the definitions for the 

definition for construction statistics for the countries in the region, are 

used. 

83


Short name 

Proportion of households living in dwellings with bath or a shower 

and an indoor flushing toilet 


indicators 















The bathroom is one of auxiliary facilities in the dwelling which should 

be equipped with a bath or shower-tub, installations for water supply, 

sewerage and electricity, regardless of whether they are connected to 

the attachments for water supply, waste water drainage and electricity 

supply. The bathroom may or may not include the toilet, representing a 

separated space. 

The toilet is one of auxiliary facilities in the dwelling which should to be 

equipped with a toilet bowl, flushing cistern tank and a washstand, 

installations for water supply, sewerage and electric supply, regardless 

of whether they are connected to the attachments for water supply and 

drainage and electric supply. The toilet can be included to the bathroom 

or it can be a separated space. 










phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++3892-3295617, 


84


++3892-3295614, 



++3892-3295797, 



References 

























dwelling. 



the dwelling. 





supply. The bathroom may or may include the toilet, representing a separated 

space. 





85


Formulas used 


revisions 












Number of households living in dwellings 

with bathroom and toilet 

...................................................................... x 100 




86


Short name 

Proportion of households living in dwellings with central heating 

system 


indicators 















The installations for central heating connected or not to the community 

heating scheme and dwellings and private central heating installations 

(with heating boiler). 









References 





phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++3892-3295617, 



++3892-3295614, 



++3892-3295797, 




87


Formulas used 


revisions 





























dwelling. 



the dwelling. 

Dwellings, which have installations for central heating, connected to a 

public system, regardless if the installations are used or the household 

use other type of heating. 

Dwellings, which have installations to be connected to a public system 

but are, not connected with the source of heating energy. 

Dwellings which have private installations connected to a private heating 

boiler regardless if it is used or the household use other type of heating. 


Number of households living in dwellings having installations for central 

heating 

...................................................................... x 100 




88


Short name 


indicators 




Proportion of households having a 

-telephone 

-mobile phone 

-one or more TV 

PC and internet connection 


In the table ‘The Household Level of Supplies with Durable Goods’ data 

are presented on the durable goods which are owned and used by the 

household in the flat/house. 





Household budget survey 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




Ajrija Causoska, 

+389 2 3295 627, 

e-mail ajrijac@stat.gov.mk 

Snezana Sipovik, 

+389 2 3295 737, 

snezanas@stat.gov.mk 


References Statistical report – Household consumption ; 

www.stat.gov.mk; 




Formulas used 


revisions 


Household budget survey definition and concept are in use. Household 

are interviewed by questionnaires for their subjective opinion. 

National methodology is established by EUROSTAT recommendation 

and is harmonized with international standards 

89


Short name 


indicators 


Total number of dwelling by having subsidiary rooms and number 

of household and persons living in 











supply. The bathroom may or may not include the toilet, representing a 

separated space. 







The kitchen is included in the auxiliary facilities of the dwelling, i.e. it is a 

working premise for food processing, but often, in shortage of other 

premises in the dwelling, the kitchen undertakes other functions of the 

housing (serving as a dining room or a living room, etc.). 










Unit of measurement Number of dwellings, Number of households and Number of persons 








phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

90



References 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++3892-3295617, 



++3892-3295614, 



++3892-3295797, 


























dwelling. 



the dwelling. 

91





supply. The bathroom may include the toilet or not, representing a separated 

space. 







The kitchen is included in the auxiliary facilities of the dwelling, i.e. it is a 

working premise for food processing, but often, in shortage of other 

premises in the dwelling, the kitchen undertakes other functions of the 

housing (serving as a dining room or a living room, etc.). 

According to its use, the kitchen can be divided in two types: 

working kitchen (only for food processing) and 

working kitchen and dining room. 


Formulas used 


revisions 


So-called kitchenette or even the constructional separated premise, 

used as kitchen, can be considered as a kitchen if there is no kitchen in 

the basic structure of the dwelling. 

If the working part of the kitchen is separated as a niche from the 

remaining part (dining room), the floor surface of both parts will be considered 

as a floor surface of the kitchen, but, such separated kitchen 

(niche) is calculated separately from the living room, i.e. only the surface 

of the niche is recorded. 






for a certain period of time at some other settlement, respectively 







92


Short name 

Total number of dwellings by having installation and number of 

household and persons living in 


indicators 








Installations for water pipeline, i.e. water supply in the dwelling. 

Installations for sewerage disposal system, i.e. for distributing of waste 

water. 

Installations for central heating connected or not to the community 

heating scheme and dwellings and private central heating installations 

(with heating boiler). 

Unit of measurement Number of dwellings, Number of households and Number of persons 








References 





phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++3892-3295617, 



++3892-3295614, 



++3892-3295797, 







93


Formulas used 


revisions 



















dwelling. 



the dwelling. 

The installations for water pipeline, i.e. water supply in the dwelling are 

connected by an outside pipeline as follows: 

On public water pipeline; 

On air compressed water tank; 

No piped water in the dwelling 

The installations for sewerage disposal system, i.e. for distributing of 

waste water of the dwelling is connected with outside sewerage as follows: 

On public sewerage 

On septic tank 

Free waste water pipeline 

No sewerage, i.e. there is no installations in the dwelling for waste water 

The installations for electricity: 

Electricity in the dwelling or in at least one room; 

No electricity in the dwelling 

Dwellings which have installations for central heating connected to a 

public system, regardless if the installations are used or the household 

use other type of heating. 

Dwellings which have installations to be connected to a public system 

but it are not connected with the source of heating energy. 

Dwellings which have private installations connected to a private heating 

boiler regardless if it is used or the household use other type of heating. 




94


Short name 


indicators 




Financial satisfaction 

Social statistics, Living conditions, Household income 

Subjective opinion of households about their financial situation and 

possibility for satisfying certain needs and the level of minimum monetary 

income needed to make ends meet 





Household budget survey 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 





References 


+389 2 3295 627, 



+389 2 3295 737, 


Statistical report – Household consumption; 





Formulas used 


revisions 


Household budget survey definition and concept are in use. Household 

are interviewed by questionnaires for their subjective opinion. 



95


Short name 


indicators 


Available funds according to the amount of financial means and 

value of natural consumption 


The available funds within a household comprise the financial means at 

the disposal of the household, the value of products used for personal 

consumption of one’s own produce and the value of consumption credits 

and loans raised and realized during whole year. 

Unit of measurement denars 






Household Budget Survey 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 





References 


+389 2 3295 627, 



+389 2 3295 737, 


Statistical report – Household consumption; 




An observation unit is each household for a single-person or a household 

comprising more members that has been selected according to the 

sample plan. 

The term ‘household’ is defined as: 

- each single person who lives on his own and does not have another 

household in some other place; 

- family or any other community of people who live and spend their 

incomes together in order to cover their basic costs (those for living, food 

and so on) regardless of whether all the members of the household are 

continually present in the place of residence or whether some of them 

96

Territorial Range 

Sample 

The Survey Method 


Formulas used 


revisions 


are staying for a longer time in other place or country for purposes of 

education or employment. 

Persons who are not members of the family, in case they work, eat and 

reside in the same house community (house-maid, permanent workers 

on private agricultural holding and so on) are classified as household 

members. 

Pupils and students are considered to be household members irrespective 

of how much time they spend outside the household (at schools and 

studying). 

The survey is carried out on the whole territory of Macedonia. 

The survey is conducted on a sample of 5,040 households over the whole 

territory of the country, which is about 1 percent of the total number of 

households in the country. 

The frame of the selection is all enumeration districts that contain over 

20 households. 

The sample is stratified to two stages. Primary sampling units are the 

enumeration districts and secondary sampling units are the addresses 

of households. 

For the needs of the sample, stratification was made on two levels with 

a total of four strata: 

Two conditional sample regions 

(geographical), determined for the needs of the HBS only 

Two contingents: urban and rural areas. 

In the Survey, two the methods are used: by use of diaries and by interview 

on the basis of questionnaire forms. In the Survey, data for incomes 

are collected for three months, while data for expenditures are collected 

for 15 days, during which each household makes records for expenditures 

in the diary. 



97


Short name 

Poverty gap index 

Poverty severity index 


indicators 



Poverty gap index-average proportional shortage of expenditures for 

the total population 

Poverty severity index: indicates the distribution of poverty 








Household budget survey conducted in SSO of Macedonia is most 

important source of data for poverty calculation and other indicators 

for living standard. 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




+389 2 3295 627, 



+389 2 3295 737, 







Poverty severity index 


Poverty gap index measures the magnitude of poverty, considering 

both the number of poor people, and how poor they are. This index 

shows the distance of average poor persons from the poverty line. 

Relation between poverty gap and head count index define the average 

level of expenditure /income which is needed for poor person to become 

non-poor. 

depends from the distribution of poor below the poverty line. 

The poverty severity index gives weight to the poverty gap (more weight 

to very poor than to less poor). 

It is the average value of the square of depth of poverty for each individual. 

98

Formulas used 


revisions 


poverty gap index 

poverty severity 

National methodology for poverty calculation is defined on the international 

standards recommended by EUROSTAT and World Bank. Revision 

is forthcoming in poverty calculation by income as a standard accepted 

in EU. Because of the bad quality of income data, such calculations have 

not been made yet. Experimental calculations are in process. 

99


Short name 

Head count index 


indicators 



Head count index- percent of the population (household /person) living 

below the poverty line. 








Household budget survey conducted in SSO of Macedonia is the most 

important source of data for poverty calculation and other indicators 

for living standard. 

HBS is carrying out on the territory of the whole with sample of 5,040 

households with annual periodicity. The sample is representative only 

on the state level. 

Through this survey are collected data for incomes, expenditures and 

consumption of the household as well for non-monetary indicators for 

the quality of living standard (about dwellings, housing, supply with 

durable goods, subjective opinion for their financial situation and possibility 

to make ends meet) 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




+389 2 3295 627, 



+389 2 3295 737, 







Having in mind orientation of Macedonian statistics for international 

standards and need for international comparable data, as a starting 

definition for poverty that of EUROSTAT is used. 

The poor shall be taken to mean persons, families and groups of persons 

whose resources (material, cultural and social) are so limited as to 

100

Poverty line 

Equivalence scale 


Formulas used 

exclude them for the minimally acceptable way of life in the Member 

State in which they live. 

Primary measurement unit of poverty is the household, for the reason 

that it is: 

basic unit of observation in the Household Budget Survey, 

basic unit for sample selection; 

living standard of each person depends from the level of all incomes in 

the household. 

is defined as a level of living standard, which should to be attained for 

one person/household to not be classified as poor. 

relative poverty line (relative standard of subsistence determined as 

necessity level of expenditures); 

subjective poverty line (subjective standard of subsistence based on 

opinion of whole population for level of income necessity to avoid 

poverty). 

In order to compare households, which have a different size and demographic 

composition, it is necessary to use equivalence scales, as a deflator 

that equalizes those differences. There are many types of equivalent 

scales used for calculation of poverty line, but State Statistical Office of 

Macedonia use the OECD equivalent scale. According to this scale all 

members of the household have certain coefficients: 

for first adult 1.0 

second and other adult 0.7 

child 0.5 

Poverty line is defined as a level of living standard, which should be 

attained for one person/household not to be classified as poor. 

relative poverty line (relative standard of subsistence determined as 

necessity level of expenditures); 

subjective poverty line (subjective standard of subsistence based on 

opinion of whole population for level of income necessity to avoid 

poverty). 

Expenditures concept is used for calculation of the relative poverty line. 

According to this concept, all expenditures for food and non-food products 

and services are taken into account and as well as the value of consumption 

from their own produce. Transfer expenditures such as membership 

fees, taxes, gifts, repayments and savings are not included in 

consumption. Also, investments such as buying and capital investment 

in private houses are not included because they are not part of the existential 

budget. 

After determination of the total household expenditures and coefficient 

of equivalence units by household, expenditures by equivalent adult are 

calculated. The most adequate indicator of central tendency in the 

expenditure distribution is the median. The median shows the expenditures 

of central households in the line. When the median equivalent 

expenditure is calculated, then poverty line is determined as 70 percent 

of the median equivalent expenditure. 

101

On the basis of determinate levels of poverty line, the percentage of 

households whose expenditures are below the level of 70 percent of the 

median equivalent expenditure is calculated. 

Q 

H= ———- * 100 Q = number of poor 

N 

N= total population 


revisions 


National methodology for poverty calculation is defined on the international 

standards recommended by EUROSTAT and World Bank. Revision 

is forthcoming in poverty calculation by income as a standard accepted 

in the EU but because of bad quality of income data. Experimental calculations 

are in process. 

102


Short name 

Number of social benefits by type 


indicators 

Social statistics, Living conditions, Social welfare 


A beneficiary of social welfare is considered to be any physical person 

who makes use of same forms, measures or services provided by social 

work centres, once or several times in the course of the reported year. 

Data for recipients of social cash benefit refer to the households whose 

monthly total is lower than fixed social cash benefits. 


Last data update September 2003 

Source of data Statistical research : 

Recipients and types of social welfare 

Social cash benefit 







phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++389 2 3295617, 


Ljiljana Kukovska, 

++389 2 3295830, 

lilek@stat.gov.mk 


References 

Social welfare for children, juveniles and adults in Macedonia 


Definition and concepts Data for forms, measures and services of social work refer to the number 

of cases of certain forms, measures and services carried out in the course 

of the reported period and not to the number of persons. 

Data for recipients of social cash benefit refer to the households whose 

monthly total is lower than fixed social cash benefits as a difference 

between the total average incomes of all members of household by all 

bases and social cash benefits. 


Formulas used 


revisions 


103


Short name 

Social benefits allocated to old age, disability and survivors situations 


indicators 



Assistance and care allowance are other supplements of permanent 

financial assistance for the family members of holder of a right which 

persons are permanently. 









References 




Formulas used 

Status of methodology and revisions 


Statistical research for recipients and types of social welfare 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++389 2 3295617, 



++389 2 3295830, 



Assistance and care allowance are other supplements of permanent 

financial assistance for the family members of holder of a right which 

persons are permanently. 

104


Short name 

Share of social benefits allocated to family and children 


indicators 



Child supplements (childcare supplements, special supplement and 

package for new-born child) are a special type of care for children, and 

refers to monthly financial assistance to families with low personal 

incomes. 









References 

Statistical research children supplement 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++389 2 3295617, 



++389 2 3295830, 






Formulas used 


revisions 


Child care supplements are attained depending on the number of the 

children in the family, their age, and from the financial situation of the 

family. 

A special supplement is attained by a child with moderate, severe and 

profound disabilities in physical and mental development. 

Package for new-born child is provided for the first new-born children in 

the form of equipment. 

105


Short name 

Births attended by skilled health personnel 


indicators 

Social statistics, Living conditions, Health 


Data on live births in this category are classified in two groups: ‘at medical 

facilities’ and ‘elsewhere’ with a medical doctor or a midwife assisting 

at the delivery 

Unit of measurement Live births 







Vital statistics, statistical survey for live births 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++3892-3295816, 



++3892-3295616, 



References 




Formulas used 


revisions 


Data on live births in this category are classified in two groups: ‘at medical 

facilities’ and ‘elsewhere’. Live birth children registered at medical 

facilities are counted as such; at the same time, we assume that complete 

medical assistance needed was given to mothers and children during, 

and shortly after, the delivery. Live birth children delivered outside of 

medical facilities are treated under the category ‘elsewhere’. Data on the 

latter are further classified by the presence/absence of medical assistance 

during delivery. Should a medical doctor or a midwife assist at the 

delivery, the case of birth is registered as being carried out ‘under medical 

assistance’. In all other cases, we assume that the delivery in question 

has been performed ‘without any medical assistance’. 

For calculation live births attended by skilled health personnel are used, 

divided by the total live births (in absolute numbers), multiplied by 100 

np = live births attended by skilled health 

Np personnel (%) 

np = ——— * 100 Np = number of live births attended by 

N skilled health personnel 

N = number of live births 

106


Short name 


indicators 









Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 


Infant mortality rate is relationship between deceased infants and the 

number of live birth infants from the same year, counted per 1,000 live 

birth children. 

Number of deceased infants per 1,000 live birth children. 

Vital statistics, statistical survey for live birth and deceased 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++3892-3295816, 



++3892-3295616, 



References 




Formulas used 


revisions 


Infant mortality rate is relationship between deceased infants and the 

number of live birth infants from the same year, accounted per 1,000 live 

birth children. 

For calculation the number of deceased infants are used divided by the 

number of live birth children, multiplied by 1000 

md = Infant mortality rate 

Mo 

md = ————- * 1000 Mo = deceased during the one 

N 

year 

N = number of live birth children 

107


Short name 

Number of under five mortality 


indicators 


Brief definition Number of under fives’ mortality cover all deaths from 0-4. 

Unit of measurement absolute numbers 








References 

Vital statistics, statistical survey for deaths 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++3892-3295617 



++3892-3295-614 





Formulas used 


revisions 


Death is the permanent disappearance of all evidence of life at any time 

after live birth has taken place. This definition therefore excludes still 

births. 

108


Short name 


indicators 









Under five mortality rate (U5MR) 


U5MR covers deaths in any one year of infants and children under five 

years of age. 

in thousands 




phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++3892-3295617 



++3892-3295-614 



References 




Formulas used 


revisions 


Deaths in any one year of infants and children under five years of age 

divided by the number of live births averaged over the previous five 

years, multiplied by 1,000. 

For calculation, data for deaths and live births are used (in absolute 

numbers). 

109


Short name 


indicators 









Maternal mortality rate 


Maternal death is a death of a women from any cause related to pregnancy 

or delivery (630-676, ICD-IX) 

per 100,000 live births 




phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++3892-3295617 



++3892-3295-614 



References 




Formulas used 


revisions 


Maternal death is a death of a women from any cause related to pregnancy 

or delivery (630-676, ICD-IX) 

Maternal mortality rate is calculated from the number of maternal 

deaths (630-676) divided by the total number of live birth and multiplied 

by 100,000. ) 

110


Short name 

Main causes of death 


indicators 



Deaths by main causes of death, the IX International Classification of 

Diseases, Injuries and Causes of Death, 17 groups 

Unit of measurement dead person 










phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++3892-3295816, 



++3892-3295616, 



References 




Formulas used 


revisions 


For each deceased person certificate of death and medical report on the 

cause of death is required and on the basis of this data medical doctors 

are engaged in the logical check and data coding, specifying the final 

datum of the cause of death in each case. Data processing in the area of 

mortality statistics is done in accordance with the IX International 

Classification of Diseases, Injuries and Causes of Death 



111


Short name 

Deaths by suicide 


indicators 



Depending on each particular external cause, data on suicides are 

grouped according to the kind of weapon used, i.e. the way(s) or the 

means by which the suicide has been committed. The relevant classification 

used in this publication presents a condensed version of the ‘E’ list of 

the IX International Classification of Diseases, Injuries and Causes of 

Death. 

Unit of measurement dead person by suicide 










phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++3892-3295816, 


Ace Pavlovski, ++3892-3295616, 



References 




Formulas used 


revisions 


Depending on each particular external cause, data on suicides are 

grouped according to the kind of weapon used, i.e. the way(s) or the 

means by which the suicide has been committed. The relevant classification 

used in this publication presents a condensed version of the ‘E’ list of 

the IX International Classification of Diseases, Injuries and Causes of 

Death. 



112


Short name 


indicators 


Mortality infants 


Infant deaths are every live birth person in which there is permanent disappearance 

of all evidence of life, before the first birthday 

Unit of measurement infant deaths 








References 




phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++3892-3295816, 



++3892-3295616, 





Formulas used 


revisions 


Infant deaths are every live birth person in which there is permanent disappearance 

of all evidence of life, before the first birthday 




113


Short name 

Length of the road network excluding motorways 


indicators 

Social statistics, Living conditions, Mobility and transport 


Road network-all roads in a given area 

Unit of measurement km 








References 

Fund for national and regional roads and State Statistical Office. 

The lower level of the geographical coverage is the NUTS 1 and NUTS 5. 

Definition for the road network is in accordance with the Recommendations 

of the Inland Transport Committee and with this international 

data comparability is achieved (AGR 75) 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




Violeta Krsteva, Head of the Department for Home and Foreign trade, 

Transport, Tourism and Catering trade 

Ljubica Damceska, 

+389 2 3295 751, 

e-mail ljubicad@stat.gov.mk 

Statistical review for Transport and other communications, published 

by the State Statistical Office; 


Glossary for transport statistics 



Line of communication using a stabilized base different than rails or air 

strips open to public traffic, primarily for the use of road motor vehicles 

running on their own wheels. Bridges, tunnels, supporting structures, 

junctions, crossings and interchanges are included. Ring roads are also 

included. Excluded are designated cycle paths. 

Category of road 

According to the road meaning there are: magisterial, regional and local 

roads. From the total road network, the railways and ‘E’ roads are being 

separately selected 

Road network - all roads in a given area 

114

Carriageway - part of the road intended for the movement of road 

motor vehicles. 

Line-one of the longitudinal strips into which a carriageway is divisible, 

whether or not defined by longitudinal road markings, which is wide 

enough for one moving line of motor vehicles other than motorcycles. 


Formulas used 


revisions 


The main sources of the data are the statistics of magisterial and regional 

roads and statistics of local roads 


115


Short name 

Length of the motorways network 


indicators 



Road, specially designed and built for motor traffic 









References 

Fund for national and regional roads 

The lower level of the geographical coverage is the NUTS 1. 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 







+389 2 3295 751, 



by the State Statistical Office; www.stat.gov.mk; 





Formulas used 


revisions 


Road, especially designed and built for motor traffic, which does not 

serve properties bordering on it and which: 

a) is provided, except at special points or temporarily, with separate carriageways 

for the two directions of traffic, separated from each other, 

either by a dividing strip not intended for traffic, or exceptionally by 

other means; b) does not cross at any level with any road, railway or 

tramway track, or footpath; c) is specially sign-posted as a motorway 

and is reserved for specific categories of road motor vehicles. Entry and 

exit lanes of motorways are included irrespectively of the location of the 

sign-posts. Urban motorways are also included. (Glossary for Transport 

Statistics Second edition) 

The main sources of the data are the statistics of magisterial and regional 

roads 


116


Short name 

Length of buses routes 


indicators 



Length of one line is a distinction expressed in km between the starting 

and final destination. The length of the line is calculated in one direction 

only. 









References 

Data source for urban transport statistics are the regular monthly and 

annual surveys from business subjects, whose main activity according 

NACE, are urban and sub-urban transport. 

The lower level of the geographical coverage is the NUTS 1 3. 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 







+389 2 3295 751, 







Urban and sub-urban line 


Formulas used 


revisions 


Length of one line is a distinction expressed in km between the starting 

and final destination. The length of the line is calculated in one direction 

only. 

is considered to be a line, whose starting and final point is placed in the 

frames of an urban area, consequently a part of it is placed in the urban 

area, and the other part of it in the sub-urban area 

Source for urban transport statistics 


117


Short name 

Number of public transport road vehicles 


indicators 



Bus-passenger road motor vehicle designed to seat more than nine persons 

(including the driver) designation only for transport of passenger. 

Mini-buses designed to seat more than nine persons (including the 

driver) 

Unit of measurement number 








References 

Data source for urban transport statistics are the regular monthly and 


NACE, are urban and sub-urban transport. 

The lower level of the geographical coverage is the NUTS 1 and NUTS 3. 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 







+389 2 3295 751, 







Transport of passenger in 

urban transport 

Bus-passenger road motor vehicle designed to seat more than nine persons 

(including the driver) designation only for transport of passenger. 

Mini-buses designed to seat more than nine persons (including the 

driver) 

Definitions of attributes 

main indicator is passenger carried and passenger kilometres and data 

include the both national and international transport. 

118


Formulas used 


revisions 


Vehicle kilometre - unit of measurement representing the movement 

of a road motor vehicle over one kilometre. It includes movements of 

empty road motor vehicles (without passengers). 

Source for urban transport statistics 


119


Short name 

Number of passengers embarking by air 


indicators 



All persons who embark on an aeroplane for flying a certain distance 









References 

Data source for air transport statistics are the regular monthly and 


NACE, is air transport. (Skopje and Ohrid airports) 




phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 







+389 2 3295 751, 




Manual on the ICAO Statistics Programme 




Formulas used 


revisions 



The number of passengers carried is obtained by counting each passenger 

on a particular flight (with one flight number) once only and not 

repeatedly on each individual stage of that flight, with a single exception 

that a passenger flying on both the international and domestic 

stages of the same flight should be counted as both a domestic and an 

international passenger. 

Source for air transport statistics 

Manual on the ICAO Statistics Programme 

120


Short name 

Transport mode share for goods 


indicators 



Any goods moved by road goods vehicles 

Unit of measurement tonnes 








References 

Data source for road transport statistics are regular monthly and annual 

surveys submitted by business subjects, whose main activity according 

NACE is road transport. 




phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 







+389 2 3295 751, 


Statistical review for Transport and other communications, published by 

the State Statistical Office; 






Formulas used 


revisions 



Transport of goods in road transport - main indicator is tonnes and 

tonnes-kilometres. 

Tonne of goods-main unit of measure for weight of goods. 

Tonne kilometre-unit of measure which represents the transport of one 

tonne of goods over a distance of one kilometre. 

Source for road transport statistics 


121


Short name 

Number of facilities for disabled and elderly people, children 

orphaned, mentally ill children and adults 


indicators 

Social statistics, Public services, Social welfare 


Data for institutions of social welfare refer to: Institutions for children 

lacking parental care, Institutions for care of physically and mentally 

handicapped children and juveniles, Institutions for educationally neglected 

children and juveniles and Institution for housing and care of 

adults 

Unit of measurement Institutions and persons 








References 

Statistical research: 

Institutions for children lacking parental care 

Institutions for care of physically and mentally handicapped children 

and juveniles 

Institutions for educationally neglected children and juveniles 

Institution for housing and care of adults 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++389 2 3295617, 



++389 2 3295830, 





Institutions for children lacking parental care provide lodging, care, 

health care, welfare and education for children and juveniles who need 

a home. Infant homes and small children and children’s homes are also 

included here. 

Institutions for care of physically and mentally handicapped children 

and juveniles include institutions that provide lodging, food, care, 

health care and education for physically and mentally handicapped 

122


Formulas used 


revisions 


children and juveniles in the course of schooling and training. 

Institutions for educationally neglected children and juveniles include 

reception centres, institutions and homes for educationally neglected 

children and juveniles. These institutions provide housing, education 

and vocational training. 

Institution for housing and care of adults provides housing, food and 

health care for adults. Homes for old and sick persons are included here. 

123


Short name 

Number of social welfare centres within the municipality 


indicators 

Social statistics, Public services, Social work 


Centres for social work are organizations through which social welfare is 

provided, involving social work in one or more municipalities. 

Unit of measurement Institutions 








References 

Statistical research for centres for social work 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++389 2 3295617, 



++389 2 3295830, 






Formulas used 


revisions 


Centres for social work are organizations through which social welfare is 

provided, involving social work in one or more municipalities. 

124

EDUCATION, CULTURE AND CIVIL LIFE 

Short name 

Number of kindergartens and number of students-children by sex 


indicators 

Social statistics, Public services, Social work 


Institutions eligible for care and education of pre-school children 

(kindergartens) and children of infant schools at primary schools providing 

health care, food and daily stay for children in accordance with 

their development needs up to the age of seven years till school age. 

Unit of measurement Institutions and persons 








References 

Statistical research: 

Pre-school organizations for children care and education 

Infant schools at primary schools for children care and education 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++389 2 3295617, 


Ljiljana Kukovska, ++389 2 3295830, 


Pre-school organizations and infant schools at primary schools for child 

care and upbringing in Macedonia 



Infant nurseries take complete care and have a low level of education on 

the children up to two years of age. 

Kindergartens and infant schools in pre-school organizations (kindergartens) 

and infant schools at primary schools are occupied with education 

and upbringing of children up to two years of age till the beginning 

of primary education. 


Formulas used 


revisions 


125


Short name 

Number of primary and lower secondary schools 


indicators 

Social statistics, Education and Culture 


This category of school is considered to be an organization or pedagogical-educational 

unit that performs education of a definite type, according 

to a separate educational plan or programme, with one or more 

teachers, irrespectively of whether it is independent or under the management 

of other administrations. 

The primary and lower secondary schools have the main aim of obtaining 

general education and preparing the students for further general or 

vocational education on the next level. 

Unit of measurement Organization or pedagogical-educational unit 

Last data update 2000, 2001, 2002 






Regular annual statistical survey for all Primary, Lower Secondary and 

Upper Secondary Schools in Macedonia, at the end of the school year. 

The lowest territorial level NUTS 5 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




+ 389 2 3295 617, 


Marika Trajkovska and Irena Mladenova, 

+389 2 3295 630 and 3295 730, 

marikat@stat.gov.mk and irenam@stat.gov.mk 

Other contributing agencies - 

References 

Publication - Primary, Lower Secondary and Upper Secondary Schools in 

Macedonia, at the end of the school year (publisher: State Statistical 

Office). 








The primary and lower secondary education in Macedonia has the main 

126

aim of obtaining general education and preparing the students for further 

general or vocational education on the next level. The primary and 

lower secondary education in Macedonia lasts eight years and is both 

compulsory and free of charge. The typical age of the students is from 6 

or 7 to 14 or 15. Primary and lower secondary schools are: the regular 

primary and lower secondary schools, that can be independent or local; 

special primary and lower secondary schools - for the students with special 

needs; adult schools which allow students older than 15 years of age 

to complete their general education and primary and lower secondary 

schools. 

Measurement method Regular annual statistical survey for all Primary, Lower Secondary and 


Formulas used - 


revisions Educational System in Macedonia, ISCED 97 

Alternative indicator - 

127


Short name 

Number of upper secondary schools 


indicators 








The upper secondary education allows obtaining knowledge and developing 

the skills for the labour market or preparing for further education 

on the next level. 













phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




+ 389 2 3295 617, 



+389 2 3295 630 and 3295 730, 



References 

Publication- Primary, Lower Secondary and Upper Secondary Schools in 


Office). 





to separate educational plan or programme, with one or more 



The upper secondary education allows obtaining knowledge and devel- 

128

oping the skills for the labour market or preparing for further education 

on the next level. According to the law, the upper secondary education 

performed through educational plans and programmes as generalgymnasium 

education, vocational upper secondary education, art 

upper secondary education and special upper secondary education for 

the students with special needs. The gymnasium and art upper secondary 

education last four years, but the vocational upper secondary education 

lasts three or four years depending on the gained??? for which the 

students decide. Besides these types of education, religious upper secondary 

education exists in our country and lasts four or five years. The 

typical age of the students in upper secondary education is from 14 or 15 

to 18 or 19. The upper secondary education is performed in the upper 

secondary schools that are organized as public or private schools. 







129


Short name 

Number of Special schools 


indicators 




unit that is carrying out education of a definite type, 

according to separate educational plan or programme, with one or 

more teachers, irrespective it is independent or under the management 

of other administration. 

The Special primary and lower secondary schools have the main aim of 

obtaining the general education and preparing the students for further 

general or vocational education on the next level of the students with 

special needs. 













phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




+ 389 2 3295 617, 



+389 2 3295 630 and 3295 730, 



References 


Macedonia, at the end of the school year (publisher- State Statistical 

Office). 









130

aim of obtaining the general education and preparing the students for 

further general or vocational education on the next level. The primary 

and lower secondary education in Macedonia lasts eight years and is 

both compulsory and free of charge. The typical age of the students is 

from 6 or 7 to 14 or 15. Primary and lower secondary schools are: the 

regular primary and lower secondary schools, that can be independent 

or local; special primary and lower secondary schools - for the students 

with special needs; adult schools which allow students older than 15 

years of age to complete their general education and primary and lower 

secondary schools. 







131


Short name 

Number of schools in tertiary education by type 


indicators 



According to the Law on Tertiary Education, tertiary educational institutions 

are: the university, the faculties and the higher schools. The Faculty 

for Arts that perform art educational activity can be named as Art 

Academy. 

Faculty is the tertiary educational institution with tertiary educational, 

scientific-research or applied activity in one or several related scientific 

or vocational spheres. 

Higher school is the tertiary educational institution with tertiary educational 

activity for vocational and educational studies in one or several 

subject matter spheres. 

Unit of measurement Number of institution 

Last data update July 2004 







References 

The presented data are the result of the annual statistical surveys for tertiary 

educational institutions 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 



Marina Mijovska; 

3295617; 

Marinam@ stat.gov.mk 

Marica Aleksic; 

3295629; 

Maricaa@ stat.gov.mk 

Statistical review for tertiary institutions; 





Formulas used 


revisions 


Faculty is the tertiary educational institution with tertiary educational, 

scientific-research or applied activity in one or several related scientific 

or vocational spheres. 

Higher school is the tertiary educational institution with tertiary educational 

activity for vocational and educational studies in one or several 

subject matter spheres. 

Sources for data collection are the annual statistical surveys for enrolled 

students at tertiary educational institutions. 

National methodology is defined on the basis of the Law on Tertiary 

Education and it is compatibility with international classification on 

education ISCED 97 

132


Short name 

Number of primary and lower secondary students 


indicators 



Persons who learn in the primary and lower secondary schools and have 

the main aim of obtaining general education and preparing for further 

general or vocational education on the next level. 









References 









phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




+389 2 3295 617, 



+389 2 3295 630 and 3295 730, 




Office). 

Students are persons who learn in the primary and lower secondary 

schools and have the main aim of obtaining general education and 

preparing for further general or vocational education on the next level. 

The typical age of the students is from 6 or 7 to 14 or 15. Primary and 

lower secondary schools are: the regular primary and lower secondary 

schools, that can be independent or local; special primary and lower secondary 

schools - for the students with special needs; adult schools which 

allow students older than 15 years of age to complete their general education 

and primary and lower secondary schools. 







133


Short name 

Number of upper secondary education students 


indicators 



Persons who learn in upper secondary education and have the main aim 

of obtaining knowledge and developing the skills for the labour market 

or preparing for further education on the next level. 













phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




+ 389 2 3295 617, 



+389 2 3295 630 and 3295 730, 



References 



Office). 


Definition and concepts Persons who learn in upper secondary education and have the main aim 



The typical age of the students in upper secondary education is from 14 

or 15 to 18 or 19. 







134


Short name 

Number of upper secondary education students by type of school 


indicators 














References 

Unpublished data 






phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




+ 389 2 3295 617, 



+389 2 3295 630 and 3295 730, 




Persons who learn the upper secondary education and have the main 

aim of obtaining knowledge and developing the skills for the labour 

market or preparing for further education on the next level. 

According to the law, the upper secondary education is carried out 

through educational plans and programmes as general-gymnasium 

education, vocational upper secondary education, art upper secondary 

education and special upper secondary education for the students with 

special needs. The gymnasium and art upper secondary education last 

four years, but the vocational upper secondary education lasts three or 

four years depending on the vocation students have chosen as well on 

the educational programme. Besides these types of education, religious 

upper secondary education exists in our country and lasts four or five 

years. The typical age of the students in upper secondary education is 

135

from 14 or 15 to 18 or 19. The upper secondary education is performed 

in the upper secondary schools that are organized as public or private 

schools. 







136


Short name 

Proportion of vocational education in upper secondary education 

students 


indicators 



Participation of the students in vocational education in upper secondary 

education, in relation to the total number of students in the upper 

secondary education. 









References 





Formulas used 






phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




+ 389 2 3295 617, 



+389 2 3295 630 and 3295 730, 


Participation of the students in vocational education in upper secondary 

education, in relation to the total number of students in the upper 

secondary education. 



Number of the students in vocational education in upper secondary 

education to be divided by the total number of students in upper secondary 

education and multiplied by 100. 




137


Short name 

Enrolled students in undergraduate studies at faculties and higher 

schools 


indicators 



Enrolled students are persons that are continuing with their education 

at tertiary educational institutions in Macedonia as full-time or parttime 

students, after completing their upper secondary cation and fulfilling 

the conditions for enrolling in tertiary educational institutions. 

The title Master of Sciences is obtained by the person that has completed 

university education, postgraduate studies of two years’ duration 

and has passed the master’s tasks. 

The title specialist is obtained by the person that has completed university 

education, postgraduate studies of at least one year’s duration and 

has passed the specialist’s work. 

The title Doctor of Sciences is gained by the person that has completed 

university education, first and second degree, and has passed the doctor’s 

tasks/dissertation. 

Unit of measurement Number of persons 








References 

The annual statistical surveys for enrolled students in tertiary educational 

institutions, finished postgraduate studies for masters, specialists, and 

doctors of sciences. 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




3295617; Marinam@ stat.gov.mk 


3295629; 


Statistical review for tertiary education; 





at tertiary educational institutions in Macedonia as full-time or part- 

138


Formulas used 


revisions 


time students, after completing their upper secondary education and 

fulfilling the conditions for enrolling in tertiary educational institutions. 






has passed the specialist’s work. The specialization in medical sciences is 

not included, as it does not confer a scientific title but enlarging the 

vocational knowledge. 



tasks/dissertation. The typical age for the persons is 26 years of age. 


students in tertiary educational institutions, finished postgraduate studies 

for masters, specialists, and doctors of sciences. 


Education and its compatibility with international classification on education 

ISCED 97 

139


Short name 

Percentage change of number of students attending tertiary 

education 


indicators 





students, after completing their upper secondary education and 










References 

The annual statistical surveys for enrolled students in the universities. 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




3295617; 



3295629; 







Formulas used 


revisions 







students in tertiary educational institutions. 



ISCED 97 

140


Short name 

Number of students attending tertiary education by communityplace 

of residence. Proportion of students in second stage of tertiary 

education 


indicators 







Graduates are the persons that have finished studies at higher schools 

or faculties as full-time or part-time students. 






has passed the specialist’s work. 



tasks/dissertation. 









References 


institutions, graduates, finished post graduation studies for masters, 

specialists, and doctors of sciences. 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




3295617; 



3295629; 




141




Formulas used 


revisions 













has passed the specialist’s work. The specialization in medical sciences is 

not included, as it does not confer a scientific title but enlarging the 

vocational knowledge. 



tasks/dissertation. The typical age for the persons is 26 years of age. 


students in tertiary educational institutions, graduates, finished postgraduate 

studies for masters, specialists, and doctors of sciences. 



ISCED 97 

142


Short name 

Breakdown by sex of primary and lower secondary students 


indicators 



Persons by sex who learn in the primary and lower secondary schools 

and have the main aim of obtaining the general education and preparing 

for further general or vocational education on the next level. 













phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




+ 389 2 3295 617, 



+389 2 3295 630 and 3295 730, 



References 



Office). 




Students are persons who learn in the primary and lower secondary 

schools and have the main aim of obtaining the general education and 

preparing for further general or vocational education on the next level. 

The typical age of the students is from 6 or 7 to 14 or 15. Primary and 

lower secondary schools are: the regular primary and lower secondary 

schools, that can be independent or local; special primary and lower secondary 

schools - for the students with special needs; adult schools which 

allow students older than 15 years of age to complete their general education 

and primary and lower secondary schools. 



143

Formulas used 

Number of the students in vocational education in upper secondary 

education to be divided by the total number of students in upper secondary 

education and multiplied by 100. 




144


Short name 

Breakdown by sex of upper secondary students 


indicators 



Persons by sex who learn in upper secondary education and have the 

main aim of obtaining knowledge and developing the skills for the 

labour market or preparing for further education on the next level. 













phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




+ 389 2 3295 617, 



+389 2 3295 630 and 3295 730, 



References 



Office). 







The typical age of the students in upper secondary education is from 14 

or 15 to 18 or 19. 







145


Short name 

Breakdown by sex of students completing upper secondary school 


indicators 



Persons by sex who have finished upper secondary education and 

obtained knowledge and developed the skills for the labour market or 

prepared for further education on the next level. 









References 










phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




+ 389 2 3295 617, 



+389 2 3295 630 and 3295 730, 


Persons by sex who have finished upper secondary education and 

obtained knowledge and developed the skills for the labour market or 

prepared for further education on the next level. 







146


Short name 

Breakdown by sex and age of students in tertiary education 


indicators 

















References 


institutions and graduates. 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




3295617; 


Marica Aleksic; 3295629; Maricaa@ stat.gov.mk 


www.stat.go ; v.mk 




Formulas used 


revisions 









institutions and graduates. 



ISCED , 97 

147


Short name 

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and lower secondary school 


indicators 



Number of girls in relation to the number of boys in primary and lower 

secondary school 









References 





Formulas used 






phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




+ 389 2 3295 617, 



+389 2 3295 630 and 3295 730, 


Number of girls in relation to the number of boys in primary and lower 

secondary school 



The total number of girls to be divided by the total number of boys in primary 

and lower secondary school and multiplied by 100. 




148


Short name 

Ratio of girls to boys in upper secondary school 


indicators 



Number of girls in relation to the number of boys upper secondary 

school 









References 





Formulas used 






phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




+ 389 2 3295 617, 



+389 2 3295 630 and 3295 730, 


Number of girls in relation to the number of boys upper secondary 

school 



The total number of girls to be divided by the total number of boys in 

upper secondary school and multiplied by 100. 




149


Short name 

Ratio of girls to boys, in tertiary education-Number of students 

attending tertiary education 


indicators 















References 


institutions. 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 






3295629; 







Formulas used 


revisions 










ISCED 97 

150


Short name 

Median age of students (Together with indicator -Breakdown by 

sex and age of students in tertiary education) 


indicators 















References 


institutions. 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




3295617; 



3295629; 







Formulas used 


revisions 










ISCED 97 

151


Short name 

Number of schools with ethnic mix of students by level of education 


indicators 















References 


institutions. 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 






3295629; 







Formulas used 


revisions 








National methodology is defined of the basis the Law on Tertiary 


ISCED 97 

152


Short name 

Average number of pupils per teacher in tertiary education 

(Teachers and supporting staff by sex and ethnic affiliation and 

sex) 


indicators 



Teachers and supporting staff are the persons that perform education at 

tertiary educational institutions. 









References 

The annual statistical surveys for teaching personnel in tertiary educational 

institutions, the faculties and higher schools. 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




3295617; 



3295629; 







Formulas used 


revisions 


Teachers and supporting staff are the persons that perform education in 

tertiary educational institutions which according to the educational-scientific 

titles are: professors, associate professors, docents, senior lecturers 

at faculty, lecturers at faculty, professors at higher school and lecturers 

at higher school. 

Sources for data collection are the annual statistical surveys for teaching 

personnel in tertiary educational institutions. 


Education 

153


Short name 

Number of primary and secondary schools, number of enrolled 

students and number of students completed school, according to 

sex and age by classes 


indicators 






teachers, irrespectively whether it is independent or under the management 


The primary and lower secondary schools have the main aim of obtaining 

the general education and preparing the students for further general 

or vocational education on the next level. 



on the next level. 

Enrolled persons in primary and lower secondary schools and have the 

main aim of obtaining the general education and preparing for further 


Enrolled persons in upper secondary education and have the main aim 



Persons who have finished primary and lower secondary schools and 

obtained general education and prepared for further general or vocational 

education on the next level. 

Persons who have finished upper secondary education and obtained 

knowledge and developed the skills for the labour market or prepared 

for further education on the next level. 

Unit of measurement Organization or pedagogical-educational unit and persons 








The lowest territorial level NUTS 1 and NUTS 5 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 



154



+ 389 2 3295 617, 



+389 2 3295 630 and 3295 730, 



References 



Office). 






teachers, irrespectively whether it is independent or under the management 



aim of obtaining general education and preparing the students for further 

general or vocational education on the next level. The primary and 

lower secondary education in Macedonia lasts eight years and is both 

compulsory and free of charge. The typical age of the students is from 6 

or 7 to 14 or 15. Primary and lower secondary schools are: the regular 

primary and lower secondary schools, that can be independent or local; 

special primary and lower secondary schools - for the students with special 

needs; adult schools which allow students older than 15 years of age 

to complete their general education and primary and lower secondary 

schools. 



on the next level. According to the law, the upper secondary education is 

performed through educational plans and programmes as generalgymnasium 

education, vocational upper secondary education, art 

upper secondary education and special upper secondary education for 

the students with special needs. The gymnasium and art upper secondary 

education last four years, but the vocational upper secondary education 

lasts three or four years depending on the vocation, which the 

students have chosen as well on the educational progremme. Besides 

these types of education, religious upper secondary education exists in 

our country and lasts four or five years. The typical age of the students in 

upper secondary education is from 14 or 15 to 18 or 19. The upper secondary 

education is performed in the upper secondary schools that are 

organized as public or private schools. 

Enrolled persons in primary and lower secondary schools and have the 

main aim of obtaining the general education and preparing for further 


Enrolled persons in upper secondary education and have the main aim 

155



Persons who have finished primary and lower secondary schools and 

obtained general education and prepared for further general or vocational 

education on the next level. 

Persons who have finished upper secondary education and obtained 

knowledge and developed the skills for the labour market or prepared 

for further education on the next level. 







156


Short name 

Children reaching grade 5 of primary education 


indicators 



The total number of children reaching grade 5 in primary and lower secondary 

school in year t, in relation to the total number of children in 

grade 1 in year t-4 in primary and lower secondary school 









References 





Formulas used 






phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




+ 389 2 3295 617, 



+389 2 3295 630 and 3295 730, 



school in year t, in relation to the total number of children in 

grade 1 in year t-4 in primary and lower secondary school 




school in year t, divided by the total number of children in grade 

1 in year t-4 in primary and lower secondary school and multiplied by 

100. 




157


Short name 

Tertiary students in science, maths and engineering (as a percentage 

of all tertiary students) 


indicators 















References 


institutions. 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




3295617; 



3295629; 







Formulas used 


revisions 








National methodology is defined on the basis the Law on Tertiary 


ISCED 97 

158


Short name 

Field of study choices of students in tertiary education 


indicators 















References 


institutions. 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 





Marica Aleksic; 3295629; 







Formulas used 


revisions 










ISCED 97 

159


Short name 

Average number of foreign languages per pupil 


indicators 



Number of foreign languages per pupil 

Unit of measurement Foreign languages 








References 





Formulas used 


Upper Secondary Schools in Macedonia, at the beginning of the school 

year. The lowest territorial level NUTS 1 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




+ 389 2 3295 617, 



+389 2 3295 630 and 3295 730, 


Number of foreign languages per pupil in primary, lower secondary and 

upper secondary schools 



year. 

Sum of the students who learn foreign languages (compulsory and facultative) 

from 4 grade to 8 grade to be divided by the total number of 

students from 4 grade to 8 grade in primary and lower secondary school. 

Sum of the students who learn foreign languages (first compulsory, second 

compulsory and facultative) in upper secondary school to be divided 

by the total number of students in upper secondary school. 




160


Short name 

Number of school buildings (primary and secondary) 


indicators 



Wholly, almost wholly or in partly used buildings for a school’s aim from 

primary, lower secondary and upper secondary schools. 

Unit of measurement Buildings 







School space in primary, lower secondary and upper secondary schools 

in Macedonia - Census of School space, 1994 




phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




+ 389 2 3295 617, 



+389 2 3295 630 and 3295 730, 



References 


in Macedonia - Census of School space, 1994 (publisher: State Statistical 

Office). 


Definition and concepts Wholly, almost wholly or in partly used buildings for a school’s aim from 

primary, lower secondary and upper secondary schools. 

Measurement method Regular ten-year statistical survey for School space in primary, lower 

secondary and upper secondary schools in Macedonia - Census of 

School space, 1994 



revisions 

Educational System in Macedonia 


161


Short name 

Size of schools (1-5, 6-8, 9-12 and 13+classrooms) by type of 

schools 


indicators 



Number of classrooms in school buildings in primary, lower secondary 

and upper secondary schools. 

Unit of measurement Classrooms 








References 







phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




+ 389 2 3295 617, 



+389 2 3295 630 and 3295 730, 



Definition and concepts Number of classrooms in school buildings in primary, lower secondary 

and upper secondary schools. 

Measurement method Regular ten-year statistical survey for School space in primary, lower 


School space, 1994 



revisions 



162


Short name 

Main sources of heating: central or district heating, building furnace, 

individual heating sources in classrooms. 


indicators 



Sources of heating in school buildings 

Unit of measurement Buildings 








References 










phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




+ 389 2 3295 617, 



+389 2 3295 630 and 3295 730, 


Sources of heating in schools buildings: 

Central heating and individual sources of heating (hard fuels, liquid 

fuels, gas-juice, tempers and other build furnace, mobile furnace of hard 

fuels, mobile furnace of liquid fuels and gas, electric furnaces, radiators, 

heaters and stuff. 

Regular ten-year statistical survey for School space in primary, lower 


Schools’ Room, 1994 



revisions 



163


Short name 

Percentage of students are provided public transportation to 

schools 1-20 percent, 21-40 percent, 41-60 percent, 61-80 percent, 

81+ percent 


indicators 



Persons-students who learning in primary and lower secondary schools 

and use free transport to school in relation to the total number of students 

in primary and lower secondary schools. 









References 





Formulas used 



year. 




phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




+ 389 2 3295 617, 



+389 2 3295 630 and 3295 730, 


Persons-students who learn in primary and lower secondary schools 

and use free transport to school in relation to the total number of students 

in primary and lower secondary schools. 



year. 

Persons-students who learning in primary and lower secondary schools 

and use free transport to school to be divided by the total number of students 

in primary and lower secondary schools and multiplied by 100. 




164


Short name Number of cinemas 1998 -2002 


indicators 

Social statistics, Culture 


Until 2000, the reported units comprised all the cinemas that existed in 

Macedonia, regardless of whether they were active or not; since 2001, 

reported units are only the active cinemas which had shown at least one 

cinema performance during the reference year. 

Unit of measurement number (cinemas) 



Annual statistical survey - Cinemas in Macedonia 






phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 



Contact person Marina Mijovska, ++389 2 3295617, 


(Katerina Palevska ++389 2 3295798, 

katep@stat.gov.mk) 


References 



Cinema 

Types of cinemas: 

Statistical report - Cinemas in Macedonia 

Statistical Review - Culture and Public Information in Macedonia, 2002 


is a hall or an open space having its own equipment for public projection 

of films. 

Organizationally, a cinema may be an autonomous business subject or 

unit incorporated within business subjects for film projection, community 

culture centres, schools and other business subjects. 

operating all year round, outdoor cinemas and mobile cinemas. 


Formulas used 


revisions 


165


Short name Number of theatres 1998 - 2002 


indicators 



Number of theatres in Macedonia 

professional theatres 

professional youth and children’s theatres 

amateur theatres 

Unit of measurement number (theatres) 

Last data update 2002/2003 







References 

Annual statistical survey - Theatres in Macedonia 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++389 2 3295617, 




Statistical report - Theatres in Macedonia 





Professional theatres 

Professional theatres for 

youth and children 

Amateur theatres 


Formulas used 


revisions 


The data are obtained by the statistical survey - Theatres in Macedonia, 

which is conducted annually. Reference period is from 1.09. previous 

till 31.08. current year. 

are independent cultural and artistic organizations with a permanent 

administration and permanent professional artistic ensemble. 

are independent cultural and artistic organizations with a permanent 

administration and permanent professional artistic ensemble which 

regularly gives performances for children and youth. 

are cultural and artistic organizations which mostly consist of amateurs, 

organizationally independent or part of some business subject. 

166


Short name Number of libraries 1998, 2001 


indicators 



Number of libraries in Macedonia by types: 

national libraries 

libraries of tertiary educational institutions 

special libraries 

other major non-specialized libraries 

public libraries 

Unit of measurement number (libraries) 








References 

Triannual statistical survey - Libraries in Macedonia 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++389 2 3295617, 




Statistical report - Libraries in Macedonia 




Library: irrespective of the title, any organized collection of printed 

books and periodicals or of any other graphic or audio-visual materials, 

and the services of the staff to provide and facilitate the use of such 

materials in order to meet the informational, research, educational or 

recreational needs of its users. 

The data refer to the number of libraries by type: 

national libraries 

libraries of tertiary educational institutions 

special libraries (the ones maintained by other business subject - excluding 

university institutes) 

167


Formulas used 

Status of methodology and revisions 


other major non-specialized libraries (in the Report the data for 

libraries of that kind refer to Macedonian Academy of Sciences and 

Arts - MANU) 

public libraries 

168


Short name 


indicators 

Number of museums 



Number of museums in Macedonia: 

general museums 

specialized museums 

Unit of measurement number (museums) 






Triannual statistical survey - Museums in Macedonia 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 








References 



Complex museums: 

Specialized museums: 


Formulas used 


revisions 


Statistical report - Museums in Macedonia 



Statistical survey - Museums in Macedonia is conducted every three 

years, with reference period of 31.12. 

Museums and museum collections systematically collect, scientifically 

process, conserve and display exhibits relevant for the education, science 

and art. 

The art galleries are considered as art museums. 

they have more different thematic collections that refer to narrow or 

broader fields. 

collect materials of certain types and they can be: socio-historical, natural 

scientific, economic-technical and art museums. 

169


Short name People’s and workers’ universities and cultural homes (1996/97, 

1999/2000, 2002/2003 


indicators 



Number of people’s and workers’ universities and community centres: 

people’s universities 

workers’ universities 

community centres 

culture centres 

memory centres 

pioneer centres 


Last data update 2002/2003 





Triannual statistical survey – People’s and Workers’ Universities and 

Community Centres 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 








References 

Statistical Review: 




Formulas used 


revisions 


Report – People’s and Workers’ Universities and Community Centres in 

Macedonia 

Culture and Public Information in Macedonia 

Those institutions are active in the area of education and culture; they 

achieved their activity through seminars and courses, organizing of 

public lectures, cultural-art and cultural-entertainment performances, 

visiting of other institutions with same or similar activity. Presented data 

covers the part of these activities. 

170


Short name 

Number of radio stations and number of hours of performed programme 

according to the language and theme (177) 

Number of TV stations and number of hours of performed programme 

according to the language and theme (178) 


indicators 



Number of radio and TV stations on national and local levels which 

transmit radio and TV programme according to the Law on 

Broadcasting Activity (The Official Gazette of Macedonia No. 20/97) 

Unit of measurement number ( radio and TV stations) 

hours (of transmitted programme) 



Annual statistical surveys - Public Broadcasting Enterprises and Trade 

Broadcasting Companies in Macedonia 






phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 








References 





Reported units: 

Statistical Report: Public Broadcasting Enterprises and Trade 

Broadcasting Companies in Macedonia 

Culture and Public Information in Macedonia 

Public Broadcasting Enterprises and Trade Broadcasting Companies in 



The surveys are conducting annually, according to the Law on 

Broadcasting Activity (The Official Gazette of Macedonia No. 20/97) 

Macedonian radio-television 

the public local broadcasting enterprises 

trade broadcasting companies 

The data are presented according the level of transmitted programme 

171

(local and national) and also according to the ownership of the broadcasting 

organizations). 

The national public broadcasting enterprise (Macedonian radio-television) 

is state owned, the public broadcasting enterprises on local level 

are socially owned and trade broadcasting companies are private 

Within transmitted radio and TV programme by language, the hours of 

music and retransmitted programme are not included. 


Formulas used 


revisions 


172


Short name 

Data on library members and users, number of visitors in cinemas, 

theatres, cultural events, people’s and workers’ universities and 

cultural centres 

*(in our opinion, in this indicator museum’s visitors should be 

included too) 


indicators 



Number of 

library members 

library users 

cinema goers 

theatre goers 

exhibition and visitors at the exhibitions (people’s and workers’ universities 

and cultural centres) 

*museum visitors 


Last data update 2001, 2000, 2002, 2002/2003, 







Statistical surveys: 

Libraries in Macedonia (triannual) 

Cinema in Macedonia (annual) 

Theatres in Macedonia (annual) 

Peoples and workers universities and cultural centres (triannual) 

*Museums in Macedonia (triannual) 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++389 2 3295617, 




References 

Report 

Report 

Report 

–Libraries in Macedonia 

- Cinemas in Macedonia 

- Theatres in Macedonia 

173

Report 

Report 

Statistical Review 



Library user: 

People’s and worker’s 

universities and community 

centres 


Formulas used 


revisions 


– People’s and Workers’ Universities and Community Centres in 


- Museums in Macedonia 

- Culture and Public Information in Macedonia 


*Report - Museums in Macedonia 

Library member is person registered in the library, for the purpose of 

using library material 

a person utilizing the services of the library in or out the library. 

If one person has used library material several times during the reference 

year, the person should be registered as a user any time when the library 

material is used - in or out of the library. 

are active in the area of the education and the culture, they achieved 

their activity through seminars and courses, organizing of public lectures, 

cultural-art and cultural-entertainment performances, visiting of 

other institutions with same or similar activity. 

Presented data refer to the total number of performances and visitors. 

Those institutions are active in the area of education and culture; 

they achieved their activity through seminars and courses, organizing 

of public lectures, cultural-art and cultural-entertainment performances, 

visiting of other institutions with same or similar activity. 

Presented data cover the part of these activities. 

174


Short name Periodicals - newspapers and magazines 1998 - 2002 

Number of titles 

Printed copies 


indicators 



Published newspapers and magazines 1998-2002, - Number of titles 

Published newspapers and magazines 1998-2002, - printed copies 

Unit of measurement absolute number (titles and printed copies) 






Annual statistical survey - Editions in Macedonia 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 





(Katerina Palevska 

++389 2 3295798, 



References Statistical Review - Editions in Macedonia, 2002 




Periodical publication 

Newspapers 

Magazines 


Formulas used 


revisions 


is one that is published in continuity as a series under the same title, in 

equal or non-equal intervals, during an undetermined time period. 

Different numbers of the series are regularly numerated or every number 

has a determined date 

are periodical publications which are published for regular informing of 

the public and their main task is to be a written source of information for 

relevant events (domestic and foreign) from political, economic, literary 

and sports character. 

are periodical publications issued under the same title in more or less 

fixed intervals of an unlimited period treating questions of general interest 

or of some specialized nature such as: politics, economy, culture, 

techniques, sports, fashion, etc. 

The data about circulation are presented in thousands 

In the tables where there are data for ‘circulation’ discrepancy can occur 

within the ‘total’ as the data are given in thousands. 

175

ECONOMY 

Short name 

Average annual change in consumer price index 


indicators 

Business statistics, Labour market and Employment 


Consumer price index is special type of retail price index of good and 

services for personal consumption. 









References 




Retail price movement survey. Retail prices are monitored in eight cities 

within the state in a determinate period by clearly defined specification. 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




+389 2 3295 627, 



+389 2 3295 737, 


Formulas used 


revisions 

National methodology 


Report – Retail and Consumer price index: www.stat.gov.mk; 

Based on the average retail price and their dynamics as well as turnover 

and personal consumption structure, CPI is calculated. Average CPI is 

considered as relation between the average CPI in the current year with 

the average CPI in the base period. 

Consumer price index is calculated on a basis of fixed basket of product 

and services for personal consumption and their prices weighted by the 

structure of personal consumption 

Laspeyr 

176

ECONOMY 

Short name 

Number of employed / unemployed 


indicators 



Following the recommendations of the ILO within the employed are 

included persons of 15 years of age and more who: 

- During the week of the report have worked for money or for profit at 

least one hour; 

- During the week of the report were temporarily absent from work, but 

were formally employed; 

- Were helping on the family estate or in the family enterprise without 

pay. 

According to the ILO standards the persons who meet the following 

three conditions are considered as unemployed: 

- During the week of the report they did not work, 

- Have searched actively for a job or have undertaken concrete activities 

to find a job; 

- Were prepared to accept work in the week of the report or in the week 

that followed. 









References 



The data result from the yearly statistical Survey - Labour Force Survey, 

which has been conducted by the State Statistical Office since 1996, on 

the basis of the representative sample. 

Since 2004 the data are processed quarterly. 

The lowest level of geographical representation is NUTS 3. 

The definitions for Labour Force, employed and unemployed are defined 

according to the international standards, established from International 

Labour Organization. 

State Statistical Office, Dame Gruev, 4, 1000 Skopje 

Tel: +389 2 3295 600 

Fax: +389 2 3111 336; 

E-mail: Publikum@stat.gov.mk; 

http: www.stat.gov.mk 

Ajrija Chausoska, 

Tel: +389 2 3295 627, 

E-mail: ajrijac@stat.gov.mk 

Publications-LFS of State Statistical Office, 


www.ilo.org 

According to international standards, work is a basic criterion for separating 

the population by economic activity. This means that first to be 

177

Active population 

Economic active population 


Formulas used 


revisions 


separated is the category of the employed, then the category of the 

unemployed, at the end is the category of the economically inactive. This 

classification of the population guarantees that every person will fit into 

one category only. 

comprises every person between 15 to 80 years of age. This limit of age 

is not a concrete recommendation, so in different countries is different. 

comprises the employed and unemployed (labour force). 








pay. 

The employed are classified by the activities where they practise their 

main activity, according to NACE Classification. 



- During the week of the report they did not work (according to the 

above-mentioned criteria); 





The registered unemployment includes those persons who claimed that 

during the week of the report they were signed on in the Employment 

Bureau of Macedonia, no matter if they did or did not take unemployment 

benefits, other kind of money compensation or other social welfare. 

The persons that are not included in both categories are making the 

group of those that are not labour force. 

The main indexes for following the changes of the labour force are: 

- Activity rate, as a participation of the labour force in the total population 

over 15 years of age; 

- Employment rate, as a participation of the number of employed in 

the total population over 15 years of age; 

- Unemployment rate, as a participation of the number of unemployed 

in the total labour force. 

The basic source of data for employed and unemployed persons is 

Labour Force Survey. 

The other sources are: Census of the population, statistical survey - 

Labour-1, administrative sources of data from Employment Office. 

The national methodology is defined according to international standards, 

recommended by the International Labour Organization. There 

are international discrepancies in the age groups of the labour force. 

178

ECONOMY 

Short name 

Percentage engaged in employment sectors 


indicators 



Following the recommendations of the ILO in the employed are included 

persons of 15 years of age and more who: 






pay. 

The employed are classified by the activities, according to NACE 

Classification. 









References 







according to the international standards, established from 

International Labour Organization. 


Tel: +389 2 3295 600 

Fax: +389 2 3111 336; 




Tel: +389 2 3295 627, 




www.ilo.org 



According to the international standards, work is a basic criterion for 

separating the population by economic activity. This means that first to 

be separated is the category of the employed, then the category of the 

179




Formulas used 


revisions 















pay. 










180

ECONOMY 

Short name 

Breakdown by sex of employed persons 


indicators 










pay. 









References 












Tel: +389 2 3295 600 

Fax: +389 2 3111 336; 




Tel: +389 2 3295 627, 




www.ilo.org 







181




Formulas used 


revisions 












pay. 










182

ECONOMY 

Short name 

Breakdown by sex of unemployed population 


indicators 





- During the week of the report they did not work; 




















Tel: +389 2 3295 600 

Fax: +389 2 3111 336; 



Contact person Ajrija Chausoska , 

Tel: +389 2 3295 627, 



References 



www.ilo.org 









183




Formulas used 


revisions 





Following the recommendations of the ILO within the unemployed are 









The other sources are: Census of the population, administrative sources 

of data from Employment Office. 




184

ECONOMY 

Short name 

Breakdown by age of unemployed persons (five-year age groups) 


indicators 





-During the week of the report they did not work; 













References 










Tel: +389 2 3295 600 

Fax: +389 2 3111 336; 




Tel: +389 2 3295 627, 




www.ilo.org 









185




Formulas used 


revisions 
























186

ECONOMY 

Short name 

Breakdown by ethnic group of unemployed population 


indicators 


















References 










Tel: +389 2 3295 600 

Fax: +389 2 3111 336; 




Tel: +389 2 3295 627, 




www.ilo.org 









187




Formulas used 


revisions 
























188

ECONOMY 

Short name 

Portion of men and women in the economically active population 


indicators 



According to the ILO standards, Economic active population comprises 

the employed and unemployed (labour force). 









References 










Tel: +389 2 3295 600 

Fax: +389 2 3111 336; 




Tel: +389 2 3295 627, 




www.ilo.org 














Within the employed are included persons of 15 years of age and more 

who: 

189


Formulas used 


revisions 


- During the week of the report have worked for or for profit at least one 

hour; 




pay. 















190

ECONOMY 

Short name 

Duration of waiting/searching for an employment/job 


indicators 


















References 










Tel: +389 2 3295 600 

Fax: +389 2 3111 336; 




Tel: +389 2 3295 627, 




www.ilo.org 









191




Formulas used 


revisions 






who: 




-Were prepared to accept work in the week of the report or in the week 






The basic source of data for unemployed persons is Labour Force Survey. 




recommended by International Labour Organization. There are 

international discrepancies in the age groups of the labour force. 

192

ECONOMY 

Short name 

Percentage of unemployment 


indicators 





- During the week of the report they did not work 













References 










Tel: +389 2 3295 600 

Fax: +389 2 3111 336; 




Tel: +389 2 3295 627, 




www.ilo.org 









193




Formulas used 


revisions 






who: 







during the week of the report were sign on in the Employment Bureau of 

Macedonia, no matter if they did or did not take unemployment benefits, 

other kind of money compensation or other social welfare. 







194

ECONOMY 

Short name 

Unemployment by education 


indicators 



Unemployed persons are the active population that are not working, 

persons that have interrupted their employment because of bankruptcy 

of employer/own enterprise, or because of the seasonal character of the 

work, pupils, students, pensioners, housewives and other persons that 

are looking for a job. 

The highest completed schooling means the type of school where the 

person has acquired the highest level of education. 

Unit of measurement Number of unemployed persons 








References 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++3892-3295617, 





++3892-3295815, 




In relation to the economic activity the population is grouped into two 

basic groups: 

- active population and 

- non-active population 

The active population consists of persons at 15 years of age and over: 

- employed persons - persons that perform an activity as employees or 

independently 

- unemployed persons 

Unemployed persons, in accordance with ILO standards are persons that 

are not working, persons that have interrupted their employment 

195

ecause of bankruptcy of employer/own enterprise, or because of the 

seasonal character of the work, pupils, students, pensioners, housewives 

and other persons that are looking for a job, i.e. persons that are covered 

by the following three conditions: 

they are not working during the reference week 

they are looking for a job 

they were prepared to accept a job in the reference week or in the following 

week 

Persons that are not included in the two categories of the active population 

comprise the group of persons that are not in the labour force, i.e. 

they comprise the non-active population. 

The highest completed school means the type of school where the person 

has acquired the highest level of education. No difference should be 

made between acquiring education at a regular school or a school that 

replaces the regular one (example: school for education of adults), 

respectively acquired by exams taken in a regular school or some programme 

of abbreviated education. 


Formulas used 


revisions 





196

ECONOMY 

Short name Youth unemployment (percentage of labour force aged 15-24), 

total - female - male 


indicators 








Youth unemployment aged 15-24 is counted as percentage of this category 

of economic active population from the total labour force (economic 

active population) aged 15-24. 









References 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++3892-3295617, 



++3892-3295614, 



++3892-3295815, 




In relation to the economic activity the population is grouped into two 

basic groups: 



The labour force (Economic active population consists of persons at 15 

years of age and over: 

197


independently 

unemployed persons 



because of bankruptcy of employer/own enterprise, or because of the 


and other persons that are looking for a job i.e. persons that are covered 





week 

Youth unemployment aged 15-24 is counted as percentage of this category 

of economic active population from the total labour force (economic 

active population) aged 15-24. 





Formulas used Unemployed - total aged 15-24 

......................................... x 100 Labour force - total aged 15-24 

Unemployed - female aged 15-24 

........................................ x 100 Labour force - female aged 15-24 

Unemployed - male aged 15-24 

........................................ x 100 Labour force - male aged 15-24 


revisions 




198

ECONOMY 

Short name 

Proportion of persons in employment working part-time 


indicators 





- During the week of the report have worked for money (in cash or in 

kind) or for profit at least one hour; 

- During the week of the report were temporarily absent from work 

(because of illness; leaves; studies; break of the activity of the firm, etc.), 

but were formally employed; 


pay. 

Working part time comprises the employed persons who work no more 

than 30 hours a week. 
















Tel: +389 2 3295 600 

Fax: +389 2 3111 336; 




Tel: +389 2 3295 627, 



References 




www.ilo.org 

199





Formulas used 


revisions 












who: 



- During the week of the report have worked for money) or for profit at 





pay. 












200

ECONOMY 

Short name 

Unemployment rate 


indicators 








The unemployment rate means participation of the number of unemployed 










phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 










References 



In relation to the economic activity the population is grouped on two 

basic groups: 


- non active population 

The labour force (Economic active population consists of persons at 15 

years of age and over: 


independently unemployed persons 



because of bankruptcy of employer/own enterprise, or because of the 


201

and other persons that are looking for a job, i.e. persons that are covered 





week 

The unemployment rate means participation of the number of unemployed 






Formulas used 


revisions 



Number of unemployed 

........................................ x 100 

Total labour force (economic active population) 



202

ECONOMY 

Short name 

Long-term unemployment (as percentage of labour force) 


indicators 





-During the week of the report they did not work 



-Were prepared to accept work in the week of the report or in the 

week that followed. 

Long-term unemployment comprises unemployed persons who are 

unemployed for one year and more. 


















Tel: +389 2 3295 600 

Fax: +389 2 3111 336; 




Tel: +389 2 3295 627, 





Active population comprises every person between 15 to 80 years of 

age. This limit of age is not a concrete recommendation, so in the different 

countries is different. 


Within the unemployed are included persons of 15 years of age and 

more who: 


203


Formulas used 


revisions 






Long-term unemployment comprises unemployed persons who are 

unemployed for one year and more. 







204

ECONOMY 

Short name 

Activity rate according to sex and five year age groups 


indicators 



TOTAL POPULATION IN THE COUNTRY 

The total population in the country is the total population in Macedonia 

minus the population absent abroad for less than one year whilst working 

for a foreign employer or working independently as well as the members 

of their households who are staying together with them. 

It means that the total population present in the country, except persons 

that have their place of usual residence in Macedonia and they are present 

at the time of the Census, including persons with their place of usual 

residence in Macedonia, but who at the time of the Census are: 

- sent for work at diplomatic, consular and other representative offices 

of Macedonia, at the UN organizations, other missions and international 

organization, in Macedonian mixed firms and business of a firm from 

Macedonia; 

- sent for work abroad to perform civil engineering or other works for a 

firm; 

- sent for studying or specialization abroad; 

- persons that are staying as a family members of the above-mentioned 

categories of persons, and 

- persons absent abroad for up to one year for business or a private trip, 

medical treatment and other reasons 

According to economic activity, the population is grouped into two 

basic groups: 





independently 





The activity rate means participation of the labour force (economic 

active population) - both sexes in the Total Population in the country 

aged 15 years and over. 




205






References 

State statistical Office, 


phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++3892-3295617, 



++3892-3295614, 



++3892-3295815, 


















firm; 







basic groups: 




206


independently 






active population) - both sexes in the Total Population in the country 



Formulas used 


revisions 



Total economic active population (both sexes and five year age groups) 

........................................ x 100 

Total population in the country aged 15 years and over 



207

ECONOMY 

Short name 

Long working hours 


indicators 



Long working hours - Employed persons who in the reference week work 

more than 48 hours 
















Tel: +389 2 3295 600 

Fax: +389 2 3111 336; 




Tel: +389 2 3295 627, 



References 



www.ilo.org 





age. This limit of age is not a concrete recommendation, so in different 




more who: 






208


Formulas used 


revisions 


Long working hours - Employed persons who in the reference week work 

more than 48 hours 

The basic source of data for employed persons is Labour Force Survey. 






209

ECONOMY 

Short name 

Activity rate of women 


indicators 

















firm; 







basic groups: 





independently 






active population) - female in the Total Female Population in the country 





210






References 





phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




++3892-3295617, 



++3892-3295614, 



++3892-3295815, 
















firm; 







basic groups: 





independently unemployed persons; 

211





active population) - female in the Total Female Population in the country 



Formulas used 


revisions 



Total economic active population - female 

........................................ x 100 

Total female population in the country aged 15 years and over 



212

ECONOMY 

Short name 

Proportion of women in employment working part-time 


indicators 










pay. 



Unit of measurement Persons, percentage 








References 










Tel: +389 2 3295 600 

Fax: +389 2 3111 336; 




Tel: +389 2 3295 627, 




www.ilo.org 




age. This limit of age is not a concrete recommendation, so in different 


213



Formulas used 


revisions 




more who: 








The basic source of data for employed persons is Labour Force Survey. 






214

ECONOMY 

Short name 

Activity rate breakdown by sectors of activity 


indicators 

















firm; 







basic groups: 





independently 





The activity rate means participation of the economic active population 

- employed persons by sectors of activity in the Total Population in the 

country aged 15 years and over. 




215






phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 






++3892-3295614, 



++3892-3295815, 



References 

















firm; 







basic groups: 





216


Formulas used 


revisions 


independently unemployed persons; 




An employment, according to the international standards, means every 

economic activity for salary or other type of compensation, in duration 

of at least one hour in the reference week. 

Industry (on business entity) is a combination of the sources as equipment, 

labour, technique of production, informative net or products 

(goods and services). 

The assessment of industry on the business entities has been performing 

with the National Classification of industry. The structure of the classification 

is completely harmonized with the structure and contents of the 

European Classification of industry NACE Rev .1. 

The National Classification of industry has 17 sectors, 

The activity rate means participation of the economic active population 

- employed persons by sectors of activity in the Total Population in the 

country aged 15 years and over. 


Total economic active population - employed persons by sectors of 

industry 

........................................ x 100 

Total population in the country aged 15 years and over 



217

ECONOMY 

Short name 

Number of shops, inhabitants per a shop 


indicators 

Business statistics, Trade 


Observation unit is the shop with their characteristics: location, trade 

activity, type of shop, number of inhabitants per shop... 

Unit of measurement shops, inhabitants 








References 

The data are based on a five year survey - Census of retail trade sale 

capacities which the State Statistical Office has conducted since 1996 as 

Census. Lowest level of geographical presentation is NUTS 5. 

Definition of the number of shops is comparable with international 

standards. 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 



Slavka Stojanovska, 

+389 2 3295656 , 

slavkas@stat.gov.mk 

Publication of Census of retail trade sale capacities, State Statistical 

Office 




Formulas used 

Status of methodology 

and 

revisions 


By international standards, the shop is local (space) or especial object by 

which goods are procured, displayed and sold in retail trade to consumers. 

There are different types of shops: conventional shops, self-service 

shops, supermarkets, mini-markets, pharmacists, discount, kiosks, car 

showrooms, boutiques, department shops, petrol stations. 

Supermarkets are shops of a large type which have selling space from 

200m 2 to 2,500m 2 . Equipment is constructed with elements which display 

goods well and provide self-service. 

Main source of statistic data of sale capacities is Census of retail trade 

sale capacities 2003 

National methodology is defined by international standards 

Number of inhabitants per a shop 

218

ECONOMY 

Short name 

Number of hotels and similar establishments per 100,000 inhabitants 

(or in absolute number) 


indicators 

Business statistics, Tourism 


Catering objects for accommodation, hotels, and similar establishments, 

are establishments which provide the conditions for accommodation 

services and other services. Hotel and similar establishments rent 

out rooms, not beds. 

Unit of measurement Number 








References 

The data are based on the statistical survey TU.11and Census on the 

catering capacities UG.31/SO 

The lower level of the geographical coverage is the level of municipality 

NUTS 4 and NUTS 5 

Definition for hotels and similar establishment is based on the 

Programme for statistical researches and international standards 

recommended by WTO and EUROSTAT 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




Violeta Krsteva, Head of the Department for Trade, Transport, Tourism 

and Catering trade 

Zlatko Mircevski, 

+389 2 3295 754, 

e-mail zlatkom@stat.gov.mk 

Statistical review for Tourism and Catering trade and services, published 





Catering objects for accommodation, hotels, and similar establishments, 

are establishments which provide the conditions for accommodation 

services and other services. Hotel and similar establishments rent 

out rooms, not beds. 

Number of hotels and similar establishment as a catering trade estab- 

219

lishment: hotels, pensions, motels, overnight lodging houses and tourist 

facilities 

Number of rooms is the total number of rooms which are available for 

renting by guests. The apartment is presented as a one-room room. The 

apartment is considered as a group of rooms minimally composed of: a 

two-bed room, living room and bathroom, and can have a kitchen. 

Number of beds is the total number of all constant and auxiliary beds for 

renting. As constant beds are considered the beds which are ready for 

renting. As auxiliary beds are considered the beds for rest in the afternoon, 

as additional beds with which accommodation capacity is 

amended during the season. A French bed is considered as a single bed. 


Formulas used 


revisions 

The main sources of the data are the statistics of the tourism and catering 

trade cervices 


Methodology for similar establishment is based on the Programme for 

statistical researches and international standards recommended by 

WTO and EUROSTAT 


220

ECONOMY 

Short name Number of restaurants and number of cafes and bars per 100,000 

inhabitants (or in absolute number) 


indicators 



Any facility whose activity is legally defined by the act for hotel and 

restaurant services performed (restaurant, cafe, stand-up bars, etc.) is 

considered to be a board and lodging establishment. Working units in 

other establishments, where catering trade and services are a secondary 

activity, are defined in the same way. 









References 

The data are based on the statistical quarterly survey UG.11 and Census 

on the catering capacities UG.31 



Definition catering objects for nutrition and drinks is based on the 

Regulation for minimal-technical conditions for performing the catering 

and tourist activities and the conditions for the categorization of the 

objects of the tourist offer (The Official Gazette of Macedonia 

No.59/95) 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 







+389 2 3295 754, 







Any facility whose activity is legally defined by the act for hotel and 

restaurant services performed (restaurant, cafe, stand-up bars, etc.) is 

221

considered to be a board and lodging establishment. Working units in 

other establishments, where catering trade and services are a secondary 

activity, are defined in the same way. 

In a restaurant the conditions for preparing and serving all kind of foods, 

drinks should be fulfilled. 

In a restaurant garden the conditions should be fulfilled for preparing 

and serving hot and cold meals, drinks with an organized place for the 

tables. Part of the serving place should be under a roof. 

A summer garden should have an organized place and tables and 

should fulfil the conditions for preparing and serving hot and cold meals 

and drinks. 

In an express restaurant and self-service restaurant hot and cold meals 

should be prepared and served in advance, with drinks for self-service. 

In a milk bar restaurant and similar objects the conditions for preparing 

and serving milk and milk products should be fulfilled, with all kinds of 

pastry, confectionery, non-alcoholic drinks, and also there should be 

tables and a counter for self-service. 

In public kitchen and restaurant should be fulfilled the conditions for 

preparing and serving hot meals, meat preparing on grill and drinks. 

In a buffet the conditions for serving drinks, beverages, cold meals (delicatessen, 

cheese, fish in tin and similar) and meat prepared on grill 

should be fulfilled. 

In a grill house, grill and similar objects the conditions for serving of 

meat prepared on grill, drinks and beverages should be fulfilled. 

In a café the condition for preparing and serving drinks, beverages, ordinary 

meals (all kinds of breakfast, delicatessen, small meals and similar) 

and confectionery should be fulfilled. 

In a café bar, snack bar, aperitif bar and other similar bars the conditions 

for serving drinks and beverages, and also simple hot and cold meals, 

which are prepared in front of the guests and serve on counter should be 

fulfilled. 

In a night club, cabaret, disco club and other similar objects which offers 

services in night, the conditions for entertainment (such dancing, music 

and cabaret programme and similar) should be fulfilled. 

In a beer house the conditions for serving different kinds of beer and 

preparing and serving hot and cold meals and meat on grill should be 

fulfilled. 

In a pizza house and similar catering objects the conditions for preparing 

and serving meals of pasta, drinks and beverages should be fulfilled. 

In a teahouse the condition for preparing and serving different kind of 

tea, beverages and non-alcoholic drinks should be fulfilled. 

In a kiosk and other similar objects the conditions for preparing and 

serving meat on grill, sausage, sandwiches, cold meals, non-alcoholic 

drinks and beers, through window should be fulfilled. 

222


The main sources of the data are the statistics of the tourism and catering 



Formulas used 


revisions 

Methodology for definition of catering objects for nutrition and drinks is 

based on Regulation for minimal-technical conditions for performing 

the catering and tourist activity and the conditions for the categorization 

of the objects of the tourist offer (The Official Gazette of 

Macedonia No.59/95) 


223

ECONOMY 

Short name 

Average number of bed places per hotels and similar establishments 


indicators 



Average number of bed places per hotels and similar establishments is: 

the total number of bed places in hotels and similar establishments 

divided by Number of hotels and similar establishments 









References 

The data are based on the statistical survey TU.11and Census on the 

catering capacities UG.31/SO 

The lower level of the geographical coverage is the level Macedonia 


Definition for hotels and similar establishment is based on the 

Programme for statistical researches and international standards recommended 

by WTO and EUROSTAT 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 







+389 2 3295 754, 







Average number of bed places per hotels and similar establishments is: 


divided by Number of hotels and similar establishments. 



renting. 

224

As auxiliary beds are considered the beds for rest in the afternoon, as 

additional beds with which accommodation capacity is amended during 

the season. A French bed is considered as a single bed. 

Number of hotels and similar establishment as a catering trade establishment: 

hotels, pension, motels, overnight lodging houses and tourist 

facilities 

Measurement method The main sources of the data are the statistics of the tourism and catering 



Formulas used Average number of bed places per hotels and similar establishments = 

Number of beds in hotels and similar establishments / Number of hotels 

and similar establishments 


revisions 


Methodology for similar establishment is based on the Programme for 

statistical researches and international standards recommended by 

WTO and EUROSTAT 

225

ECONOMY 

Short name 

Nights spent by residents and non-residents in all types of accommodations 

in absolute number 


indicators 



A tourist is any person who temporarily spends at least one night in 

some accommodation establishment not located in his or her usual 

place of residence. 









References 

The data are based on the statistical survey TU.11 



Definition for tourist is based on the Programme for statistical researches 

and international standards recommended by WTO and EUROSTAT 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 







+389 2 3295 754, 


Statistical review for Tourism, published by the State Statistical Office; 




The reported units comprise all the business subjects that according to 

the national classification of activity are in sector H, in the group 55.1 

Hotels and 55.2 Camps and other type of short stay accommodation, as 

well as business subjects, which in their content have business units 

whose activity belongs to this group. 

Nevertheless, a certain number of tourists and their nights spent are not 

included because tourists, particularly those in private rooms, cottages 

and those staying with relatives and friends, remain unreported. 


226



A domestic tourist is a person with permanent residence in Macedonia 

who is temporarily present at some other place, different from his/her 

usual place of residence, and who spends at least one night in some 

accommodation establishment. 

A foreign tourist is considered to be anyone, permanently resident outside 

Macedonia, who is temporarily present in Macedonia and who 

spends at least one night in some accommodation establishment. 


Formulas used 


revisions 

The main source of the data are the statistics of the tourism 


Methodology for tourism is based on the Programme for statistical 

researches and international standards recommended by WTO and 

EUROSTAT 


227

ECONOMY 

Short name 

Gross occupancy rate of bed-places in hotels and similar establishment 

on an annual level 


indicators 



Gross occupancy rate of bed-places in hotels and similar establishment 

is: the total number of bed places in hotels and similar establishments 

multiplied by 360, divided by the total number of nights spent in similar 

establishments 









References 

The data are based on the statistical survey TU.11 

The lower level of the geographical coverage is the level Macedonia 


Definition for tourist and number of bed places is based on the 





phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 







+389 2 3295 754, 


Statistical review for Tourism, published by the State Statistical Office; 




The reported units comprise all the business subjects that according to 

the national classification of activity are in sector H, in the group 55.1 

Hotels and 55.2 Camps and other type of short stay accommodation, as 

well as business subjects, which in their content have business units 

whose activity belongs to this group. 

Nevertheless, a certain number of tourists and their nights spent are not 

included because tourists, particularly those in private rooms, cottages 

228

and those staying with relatives and friends, remain unreported. 




A domestic tourist is a person with permanent residence in Macedonia 

who is temporarily present at some other place, different from his/her 

usual place of residence, and who spends at least one night in some 

accommodation establishment. 

A foreign tourist is considered to be anyone, permanently resident outside 

Macedonia, who is temporarily present in Macedonia and who 

spends at least one night in some accommodation establishment. 



renting. As auxiliary beds are considered the beds for rest in the afternoon, 

as additional beds with which accommodation capacity is 

amended during the season. A French bed is considered as a single bed. 


Formulas used 


revisions 

The main source of the data are the statistics of the tourism 


Gross occupancy rate of bed-places in hotels and similar establishment= 


multiplied by 360, divided by the total number nights spent in 

similar establishments 

Methodology for tourism and number of bed places is based on the 




229

ENVIRONMENT 

Short name 

Water consumption and refining of waste water 


indicators 


Unit of measurement M 3 

Last data update December 2003 







References 

Environment and quality of life 

The total amount of covered and water consumed for drinking and 

refining of waste water. 

The data are based on the statistical survey: an Annual survey for public 

water supply and an Annual survey for public sewerage system. 

Providing of the data for the total amount of the covered and wasted 

water. 

The lower level of the geographical coverage is the municipality and settlement. 

Regarding the definition for the covered amount of drinking water and 

waste water, a definition according to the Programme of the current statistical 

surveys for housing and the definition for communal statistics for 

the countries in the region, are used. 



phone: ++389 2 3295 600, 

fax: ++389 2 3111 336, 




Zoran Stanojkovski, Head of the Department for Industry, Energy, 

Construction and Public statistics and Business tendencies 

Zoran Naumovski, 

+389 2 3295 751, 

e-mail zorann@stat.gov.mk 



From the Annual survey for the public water supply and public sewerage 

one gets the data for the total amount of water that was distributed to 

the consumers, the number and the type of sources from which the 

water is obtained. Then for the waste water: the amount of the waste 

water, the way of refining and the equipment for that procedure and 

similar, are provided. 

230

Subject of the survey 

Observation unit 

Reported units 

Definitions for 

explanation of the subjects 

and observation units 


Formulas used 


revisions 

The subject of the survey is the total amount of the covered waste water 

and the length of the public water supply and the public sewerage system 

network. 

For the observation units - covered and waste water, the following data 

are collected: consumed water in the households, economic and noneconomic, 

released waste water (refined and unrefined) in underground 

and aboveground water, the way of refining of the waste water by 

mechanical or chemical processes, the equipment that are used for 

refining and sewerage system network according to the length and the 

number of the connections and drains. 

This survey provides the data according to the drains for Macedonia. 

Reported units comprise all public enterprises for water supply and sewerage 

and also the enterprises that are dealing with this or similar activity. 

Public water supply is a sum of mechanical equipment that is used for 

water supply of the settlements from the central source under the 

unique management and control. Water supply is of a public character, 

as all water consumers should be connected on the water network. 

Public sewerage is the network of closed street channels and collectors 

that are used for common drainage of the atmosphere and waste water 

(i.e. a common system of sewerage) or a separate net for drainage of the 

water from the atmosphere, therefore for drainage of the waste water 

(separation system for sewerage). 

The main source of the data are the statistics of the price of the dwellings 


According to the definitions for the Public water supply and Public sewerage, 

a Programme for the current statistical surveys for the communal 

statistics and the definitions for the definition for communal statistics 

for the countries in the region, are used. 


231

ENVIRONMENT 

Short name 


indicators 




Short name 


indicators 




Short name 


indicators 




Short name 


indicators 




Emission of air pollution substances (P) 


MoEPP 

Macedonian Environment Information Centre 

Air quality by municipalities 

MoEPP Macedonian Environmental Information Center 


MoEPP 

Macedonian environment Information centre 

Human health exposure and risk by air pollutants (I) 


MoEPP 

Macedonian environment Information centre 

Production of ODP by sector (D) 


Ozone office 

Within the MoEPP 

Short name 


indicators 




Sales/Consumption of ODP by sector (P) 


Ozone office 

Within the MoEPP 

232

Short name 


indicators 




Short name 


indicators 




Short name 


indicators 




Emissions of key source sectors (energy, transport, industry agriculture, 

waste) 

Inventory of greenhouse gases emissions (P) 


UNDP Climate Change Office 

State and impact due to Climate change (S) 


UNDP Climate Change Office 

Species diversity, endemic species, threatened species and their abundance 

in RM (S) 


MoEPP 

Environmental Agency 

233

ENVIRONMENT 

Short name 


indicators 




Short name 


indicators 




Short name 


indicators 




Short name 


indicators 




Short name 


indicators 




Designated areas and treats on biodiversity 


MoEPP 


Sector for protection of natural rarities 

Biodiversity sector 

Soil pollution 


MoEPP 

Macedonian Environmental Information Centre 

Soil erosion 


MoEPP 


Land use and land cover changes 


MoEPP 

Physical planning 

Water exploitation and the total freshwater resources in RM (P) 


State Statistical Office 

Hydro-meteorological administration 

MoEPP 


234

Short name 


indicators 




Short name 


indicators 




Short name 


indicators 




Drinking water quality (I) 


Republic Health Institute 

Urban waste water treatment 


MoEPP 

Macedonian Environmental Information 

Centre 

Hazardous substances discharge by sectors in groundwater lakes and 

rivers (S) 


MoEPP 


Centre 

235

ENVIRONMENT 

Short name 


indicators 




Short name 


indicators 




Short name 


indicators 




Short name 


indicators 




Short name 


indicators 




Categories (quality) of water systems (S) 


MoEPP 


Centre 

Total generation of waste by the type of waste 


MoEPP 

Macedonian Environmental information Centre 

MoEPP 

Total generation of waste by the type of waste 


MoEPP 

Macedonian Environmental information Centre 

MoEPP 


Waste recovery by operation categories and waste stream: 

Sewerage sludge, waste tyres, paper and cardboard, glass, plastic. 


MoEPP 


Land use of landfills, number and capacity of legal and illegal landfills as 

well as current volume 


MoEPP 


236

Short name 


indicators 




Short name 


indicators 




Current type of treatment in the municipalities in percentage of type of 

treatment mechanical sorting, composting, incineration, deposition, 

recycling) 


MoEPP 


Noise measurement locations and sources of noise. 


MoEPP 


237

Macedonia MUNICIPAL INDICATORS – DEFINITIONS AND SOURCES

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