pdf (5.0 MB) - Metro Group

1. Data, Figures and Facts regarding the 

structure of the retail and wholesale 

industry in Germany, Europe and worldwide 

germany: paGE 16 EUROPe: paGE 44 worldwide: paGE 74

1. Data, Figures and Facts

Data, Figures and Facts 

p. 016 Germany 

Importance of the retail and wholesale 

industry as an economic sector 

Gross value added in € billion 

Public and private 

service providers 

517.5 

17.4 Agriculture and 

forestry, fishery 

474.7 

Manufacturing 

(excluding construction) 

2009 total: €2,152 bn. 

97.8 

Construction 

and housing 

Source: Federal Statistical Office Germany 

Financing, leasing and 

business service 

providers 

668.9 

158.0 

10.2% 

218.6 Wholesale 

and retail trade 

Hotels and restaurants, 

transport and communication 

The retail and wholesale industry makes a major contribution to the value added. 

METro rETail CoMPEnDIUM 2010/2011


Breakdown of private household consumption 

expenses in Germany, 1999 – 2009 

Private household consumption in percent (nominal) 

1. Data, Figures and Facts 

1999 2004 2009 

16.0 

17.5 

17.2 

Others (e.g. health, education, 

personal hygiene, financial services) 

23.1 

23.7 

24.4 

Housing, water, energy 

16.3 

17.0 

17.1 

Transport and communication 


10.0 

5.6 

13.9 

15.1 

9.5 

5.4 

12.3 

14.7 

9.3 

5.6 

11.9 

14.4 

Leisure time, entertainment and culture 

Accomodation and restaurant services 

Textiles, furniture, household appliances and others 

Food and beverages, tobacco and others 

The proportion of expenditure on housing, water and energy has been increasing for several 

years at the expense of other consumer goods segments. 

© METro AG 2010



Development of demand for consumer goods 

and the share in private consumption 

Market volume in € billion 

1993 94 95 96 97 98 99 2000 01 02 03 04 05 06 

07 08 09 

Sources: FERI, Federal Statistical Office Germany, METRO GROUP; as of July 2010 

387 390 390 389 388 394 398 405 401 391 388 385 386 391 396 403 397 

39.2 

Anteil am privaten Konsum in% 

28.2 

k Share of private consumption in % 

40% 

30% 

20% 

10% 

The volume of private demand for consumer goods has largely stagnated at early 1990s 

levels. At the same time, the demand for consumer goods as a share of overall private 

consumption is sinking. 



Development of private demand for food 

and nonfood consumer goods, 1999 – 2009 

Change in percent (nominal) 


Food 

Nonfood 

Total 

+ 10% 

+ 8% 

9.2 

+ 6% 

+ 4% 

+ 2% 

0% 

– 2% 

– 0.2 

Sources: BBE, METRO GROUP 

– 4% 

– 6% 

– 8% 

– 7.6 

With an overall stagnation in private demand for consumer goods, developments have varied 

in the food and nonfood segments. An increase in consumer demand for food is counterbalanced 

by declines in the nonfood segment. 

© METro AG 2010



Private demand broken down by 

consumer goods groups, 2009 

Share in percent 

5.2 Games, sports, leisure time 

5.4 Furniture 

6.0 Tobacco 

5.1 Cleaning, hygiene, cosmetics 

3.3 Individual demand 

3.1 Entertainment electronics, 

image and sound carriers 

Office supplies, 

computers, 

telecommunications 

DIY, home improvement 

8.9 

9.6 

Total: €397.3 billion 

2.3 Electrical appliances, 

lamps, lighting fixtures 

1.2 Home appliance, 

glass, china 


Textiles, garments, shoes 

10.8 

39.1 Food and beverages 

Foods and beverages, with a 40 percent share of private demand, represent the biggest 

segment of demand for consumer goods. 



Private demand broken down by 

consumer goods groups, 2009 

Spending in € billion 

Total: €397.3 bn. 

Change from 1999 total: – 0.2% 


Food and beverages 

155.1 

Textiles, garments, shoes 

DIY, home improvement 

Games, sports, 

leisure time 

Home appliance, 

glass, china 

Office supplies, computers, 

telecommunications 

Tobacco goods 

Furniture 

Cleaning, hygiene, cosmetics 

Accessories 

Entertainment electronics, 

image and sound carriers 

42.9 

37.9 35.4 

Electrical appliances, 

lamps, lighting fixtures 

23.6 21.4 20.5 20.4 

12.9 12.4 

9.2 

4.8 


1 

+ 9.1 

5 

– 16.6 

5 

– 0.6 

5 

– 4.4 

1 

+ 12.4 

5 

– 22.6 

5 

– 6.2 

1 

+ 28.9 

k Change from 1999 in % 

1 

+ 2.1 

1 

+ 5.6 

5 

– 2.3 

5 

– 19.5 

The individual consumer goods segments show highly uneven development. Significant 

declines in demand in areas such as textiles, furniture and home appliance are counterbalanced 

by growth in other areas. 

© METro AG 2010



Trends in private demand for 

consumer goods, 2006 – 2009 

Food/FMCG¹ 

Change in percent 

Paper towels, sanitary paper 10.3 

Washing, cleaning agents 6.5 

Food and beverages 4.6 

– 0.1 Tobacco 

– 1.7 Flowers, plants 

Food and beverages 


← losers 

winners → 


Chilled Food 20.7 1.5 

Jams and spreads 15.8 0.8 

Eggs 15.5 0.7 

Cereals 12.3 0.4 

Delicatessen 12.2 2.4 

Alcoholic beverages 11.0 13.9 

Sweets and confectionery 11.0 7.5 

Ice Cream 11.0 1.2 

Non-alcoholic beverages 10.1 7.4 

Frozen goods 9.9 3.7 

Convenience foods 9.4 4.8 

Meat, meat products 6.5 18.0 

Dairy products 5.9 11.1 

Bread, bakery goods 5.3 11.7 

Canned goods 4.1 0.7 

Home beverages 3.3 3.3 

Fish 2.6 1.0 

Fats & Oils 0.9 1.8 

– 2.2 Fruit, vegetables 8.1 

k Share of total consumption in % 

¹Fast Moving Consumer Goods (consumer goods für everyday use, e.g. food) 



Nonfood 


← losers 

winners → 

Gardening tools, equipment, furniture 12.6 1.6 

Radio, TV, audio 10.9 4.6 

Electrical appliances (excluding built-in types) 10.0 3.2 

Socks, gloves, accessories 9.6 1.6 

Personal hygiene, cosmetics, perfumes 7.9 6.1 

Optical products 5.5 1.6 

Toys 5.2 2.4 

Leather goods, umbrellas 5.1 0.8 

Electrical installations 3.8 1.8 

Construction materials, building elements, tiles 3.3 3.9 

Office machines 2.4 0.7 

Stationary 1.8 3.6 

Office furniture, equipment 1.6 1.1 

Everything for children 1.3 1.3 

PC-Computer-Software 1.2 4.3 

Books, magazines 0.8 4.4 

Fur, leather garments 0.1 0.6 

Wood, building elements made from wood 0.0 3.1 

– 0.2 Shoes excluding sport shoes 3.4 

– 0.6 Glass, china, gifts 1.3 

– 0.8 Ladies‘ wear 6.9 

– 0.8 Watches, jewellery 1.7 

– 1.1 Hardware, metal fittings, tools 0.9 

– 1.1 Men‘s underwear, shirts, woollen 1.8 

– 1.8 Lamps, lighting fixtures 1.3 

– 2.3 Men‘s wear 1.8 

– 3.7 Sports and camping 3.2 

– 5.5 PC, computer hardware 5.2 

– 5.9 Household supplies 1.1 

– 5.9 Bathroom ceramics, installations, accessories 1.8 

– 6.5 Carpets, flooring 0.8 

– 6.6 Paints, varnishes, wallpaper, glue 1.4 

– 6.7 Ladies‘ underwear, other ladies‘ wear 0.9 

– 6.9 Furniture 9.7 

– 7.5 Photography 2.2 

– 8.8 Home fabrics, bed linens 1.4 

– 8.9 Telecommunications (terminals) 2.5 

– 9.7 Car accessories (including radios), car chemicals 1.2 

– 10.6 Curtains, decoration, textile fabrics, haberdashery 1.2 

– 11.1 Image and sound carriers 1.5 

k Share of total consumption in % 


© METro AG 2010



Change in consumer prices and 

retail prices, 2004 – 2009 

Year-on-year price change in percent 

→ 

In detail 

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 

3.0% 


2.5% 

2.0% 

1.5% 

1.0% 

0.5% 

1.7 

–0.1 

Consumer prices 

1.6 1.6 

0.7 

0.5 

2.3 

1.9 

2.6 

Retail prices 

0.3 

–0.2 

In the past, retail prices have often risen more slowly than consumer prices in general. In 

2009, retail prices even fell slightly. 



Change in consumer prices 

and retail prices, 2009 

Change in consumer prices in percent 


1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 

2.7 

1.4 

0.4 

1.7 

1.0 

1.7 

2.2 

– 1.3 

– 1.9 

– 2.2 

– 4.1 

10.4 3.9 4.9 30.8 5.6 4.0 13.2 3.1 11.6 0.7 4.4 

k Basket weights in %¹ 

1. Food 

2. Alcohol, tobacco 

3. Clothing, footwear 

4. Rent & utilities 

5. Household goods 

6. Healthcare 

7. Transport 

8. Post & telecoms 

9. Leisure 

10. Education 

11. Hotels & restaurants 

1 

Total < 100 percent because the “other goods and services” category is omitted 

© METro AG 2010



Purchasing power in Germany 

by age group, 2009 

Share of total purchasing power in percent 

< 25 years 

> 65 years 

22.1 

5.2 

11.0 

25 – 34 years 

55 – 64 years 

16.4 

21.9 

35 – 44 years 

23.4 

Source: GfK 

45 – 54 years 

The distribution of purchasing power shows the high importance of consumption by 

people over the age of 55. Today, this age group already accounts for almost 40 percent 

of all purchasing power. In the coming years, the importance of those aged over 55 will 

rise further. 



Development of the financial situation of 

the population in Germany, 2001 – 2010 


Question: “How would you describe your current financial situation?” 


2001 2008/09 2009/10 

2.0 

2.0 

3.0 

“I can afford whatever I want.” 

27% 

25.0 


28.0 

31% 

“I‘m comfortable and can 

afford quite a few luxuries.” 

Source: GfK European Consumer Study 2009 / 2010 – Trendsensor Konsum 

18% 



3.0 

46.0 

21.0 

6.0 

47.0 

18.0 

5.0 

23% 

“All in all I‘m doing ok.” 

“I‘m just barely getting by.” 

“I can‘t make ends meet.” 

The proportion of Germans with limited disposable income rose between 2001 and 2010. In 

comparison to last year, however, the proportion has fallen. 

© METro AG 2010



The structure of retailing 

in Germany 

RETAILING 

Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) 

Food 

Nearfood 

General food retailing Specialty/single-line retail Non-stationary retail 

Source: METRO GROUP 

R Hypermarket 

R Large superstores 

R Small superstores 

R Supermarkets 

R Self-service stores 

R Discounter 

R Chemist‘s 

R Beverage stores 

R Pet shops 

R Specialty stores¹ 

R Bakeries/butcher‘s etc. 

R Other 

R (Weekly) markets 

R Sales vehicles 

R Home delivery 

R Mail-order sales 

Retailing offers consumers a wide selection of business formats in all sectors. 



RETAILING 


Nonfood 

Furniture Electronics 2 Textiles 

Home improvement 

and diy 

Household 

goods 

Others 

R Department stores “Kaufhaus” type 

R Specialty centres 

R Specialised trade 

R Department stores “Warenhaus” type 

R Mail-order sales 

R Marginal products assortments from suppliers outside the industry 

R Other 

¹Includes specialty stores for items such as fruit, vegetables, seafood and confectionery 

²Consumer electronics, information technology and telecommunication 

© METro AG 2010



Food supply alternatives 

for private households¹ 

Self-supply 

Institutional Supply 

Direct sales 

Industry/agriculture 

Handcrafts 

Institutional wholesale 

Total supply 

Stationary retailing 

Institutional retailing 

Source: Dr Lademann & Partner 

External supply 

Mail-order retailing 

Itinerant retailing 

About half of private household food¹ demand is covered by general retailing. 



R Self-supply 


R Manufacturers, farmers, vintners and purchases from acquaintances 

R Bakeries, pastry shops, butcher‘s shops 

R C & C wholesale stores, purchases from acquaintances 

R General retailing 

• Hypermarkets 

• Superstores 

• Supermarkets 

• Neighbourhood stores 

• Discounters 

• Department stores 

R Specialty retailers 

• Fruit and vegetable shops 

• Delicatessens 

• Fishmonger's 

• Offlicences 

• Sweet shops 

• Tobacconist's 

• Health food stores 

• Chemist's 

• Kiosks, vending machines 

• Petrol stations 

R Mail-order retailing 

R Sales vehicles, home delivery and farmer‘s markets 

R Restaurants, hotels, cafeterias and snack bars 

¹Food and beverages, detergents and cleaning products 

© METro AG 2010



Market share and sales trends for 

food retailing formats, 2004 – 2009 

Food retailing formats’ share of FMCG 1 

sales in percent 

2004 2009 

28.2 28.0 

Hypermarkets/large-scale superstores 

(> 2,500 sqm) 

14.5 15.3 

13.6 11.0 

6.6 

4.1 

Small scale supermarkets/superstores 

(1,000 – 2,499 sqm) 

Large supermarkets (400 – 999 sqm) 

Small supermarkets (100 – 399 sqm) 

37.0 

41.6 

Discounters 

Development of FMCG 1 sales in 2009 compared to 2004 in percent 

Source: The Nielsen Company 

Hypermarkets/large-scale superstores (> 2,500 sqm) 8.2 

Small scale supermarkets/superstores (1,000 – 2,499 sqm) 15.2 

– 12.0 Large supermarkets (400 – 999 sqm) 

– 32.5 Small supermarkets (100 – 399 sqm) 

Discounters 22.5 

Food retailing models in total 9.1 

The various food retailing formats developed differently in the past 6 years: supermarket 

formats lost sales and market share to discounters in particular. 

¹Fast Moving Consumer Goods 



Development in the number of food retail 

outlets by retailing formats, 2005 – 2010 1 

Share of all outlets in food retailing in percent 1 

2005 2010 

4.7 5.4 

10.3 13.0 

Hypermarkets/large-scale superstores (> 2,500 sqm) 

Small scale supermarkets/superstores (1,000 – 2,499 sqm) 


16.3 

14.2 

Large supermarkets (400 – 999 sqm) 

30.1 

21.5 

Small supermarkets (100 – 399 sqm) 

38.6 

45.9 

Discounters 

Change in number of outlets in 2005 compared to 2010 in percent 1 


Hypermarkets/large-scale superstores (> 2,500 sqm) 7.4 

Small scale supermarkets/superstores (1,000 – 2,499 sqm) 16.2 

– 20.1 Large supermarkets (400 – 999 sqm) 

– 34.5 Small supermarkets (100 – 399 sqm) 

Discounters 9.5 

– 8.0 Food retailing models in total 

The number of food retail outlets in Germany has declined by around 8 percent over the past 

6 years. In particular, the number of supermarkets has been severely reduced. 

1 

On 1 January of each year 

© METro AG 2010



The 10 largest food retailers in 

Germany by total sales, 2009 

Total sales worldwide and sales in 

Germany in € billion¹ 

Total sales worldwide 

Sales in Germany 

1. 

65.53 

2. 

54.80 

3. 

50.91 

4. 

48.64 

5. 

42.06 

1. METRO GROUP 

2. Schwarz Group 

3. REWE Group² 

4. Aldi ² 

5. Edeka Group 

6. Tengelmann² 

7. Lekkerland 

8. Schlecker² 

9. Globus² 

10. dm² 

34.89 

Sources: PlanetRetail, Corporate Information, METRO GROUP 

26.51 

24.66 

23.10 

6. 

16.71 

7. 

8. 9. 10. 

12.00 6.31 

4.98 4.46 

6.29 6.72 

4.12 3.65 3.21 

41% 45% 69% 48% 100% 38% 56% 65% 73% 72% 

k Share of sales generated in Germany as percentage of total company sales 

The 10 leading German food retailers account for a sales volume of about €306 billion in 

2009 with their food and nonfood sales brands, of which about €175 billion was generated in 

Germany. 

¹Net sales 

²Estimates 



Who belongs to whom? 

Food retailing in Germany 

Totel sales¹ in Germany and the 

main sales brands 


Sources: PlanetRetail, Trade Dimensions, company data, METRO GROUP; as of 26th may 2010 

1 Edeka Group R €42.06 billion 

Sales brand 

Marktkauf, E center, Aktiv Discount 

E aktiv markt 

(Neukauf, Comet, Reichelt, Edeka, Kupsch) 

Netto, NP, Diska, Treff, Plus, Treff 3000 

E C+C Großmarkt 

Store format 

Hypermarket, superstore 

Supermarket 

Discounter 

Cash+carry 

2 REWE Group² R €34.89 billion 

Sales brand 

Toom, Rewe Center, Akzenta 

Rewe, Vierlinden, Rewe City, Standa Perfetto, 

Kaufpark, Karstadt 

Penny, Netto 

Toom, B1 

ProMarkt 

Fegro, Selgros, C-Gro, SB-Handelshof 

Atlasreisen, der, Derpart 

ITS, Dertour, Jahn, Tjaereborg, Meier's etc. 

Store format 

Hypermarket, superstore 

Supermarket 

Discounter 

Home improvement centre 

Consumer electronics store 

Cash+carry 

Travel agency 

Tour operator 

¹Revenues are based on the financial year 2009 

² Estimates 

© METro AG 2010



3 Metro Group R €26.51 billion 

Sales brand 

Store format 

Metro Cash & Carry, C+C Schaper 

Cash+carry 

Real 

Hypermarket 

Media Markt, Saturn 

Consumer electronics store 

Galeria Kaufhof 

Department store 

Sources: PlanetRetail, Trade Dimensions, company data, METRO GROUP; as of 26th may 2010 

4 Schwarz Group² R €24.66 billion 

Sales brand 

Store format 

Kaufland, KaufMarkt, Handelshof 

Hypermarket, superstore 

Lidl 

Discounter 

5 Aldi² R €23.10 billion 

Sales brand 

Store format 

Aldi Nord, Aldi Süd 

Discounter 

6 Lekkerland R €6.72 billion 

Sales brand 

Store format 

Lekkerland 

Other food wholesale 

¹Revenues are based on the financial year 2009 

² Estimates 



7 Tengelmann Group² R €6.29 billion 

Sales brand 

Store format 

Kaiser’s, Tengelmann 

Supermarket 

OBI, OBI Gartenparadies 

Home improvement centre/garden centre 

KiK 

Textiles store 


8 Schlecker² R €4.12 billion 

Sales brand 

Store format 

Schlecker, Ihr Platz, Drospa, Ihr Platz Express Chemist’s 

Schlecker 

Hypermarket 

9 Globus² R €3.65 billion 

Sales brand 

Store format 

Globus 

Hypermarket 

Alpha Tecc 

Consumer electronics store 

Globus Baumarkt, Hela 

Home improvement centre 

10 dm² R €3.21 billion 

Sales brand 

Store format 

dm 

Chemist’s 

© METro AG 2010



The 10 largest cash & carry 

wholesalers in Germany, 2009 

Gross sales in € million 

Total volume of top 10: 10,332 

6,136 

1. Metro C&C, C+C Schaper (METRO GROUP)¹ 

2. Fegro, Selgros (REWE Group) 

3. E C+C Großmarkt (Edeka Group) 

4. Handelshof 

5. Ratio² 

6. Hamberger Großmarkt 

7. SB-Zentralmarkt (Brülle & Schmeltzer) 

8. Mattfeld 

9. Wasgau C+C 

10. Frische Paradies 

Sources: Trade Dimensions, METRO GROUP 

1,584 

1,322 

536 

304 

141 126 71 66 46 

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 

59.4% 15.3% 12.8% 5.2% 2.9% 1.4% 1.2% 0.7% 0.6% 0.4% 

k Share of total volume of top 10 

The 10 topselling cash & carry wholesalers in Germany generated a sales volume of more 

than €10 billion. The METRO GROup is the market leader with its Metro cash & carry sales 

division. Following in second and third place are the REWE Group with Fegro/Selgros and 

the Edeka Group with E C+C. 

1 

Net sales including value added tax composite rate ²Excluding Ratio hypermarket 



The 10 largest hypermarket and superstore 

retailers in Germany, 2009 




12,250 

9,695 

6,765 

1. Kaufland (Schwarz Group) 

2. Real (METRO GROUP)¹ 

3. Marktkauf, E center (Edeka Group) 

4. Globus 

5. Toom, Rewe West (REWE Group) 

6. Citti, Famila (Bartels-Langness) 

7. Hit, AEZ (Dohle Group) 

8. Famila, Combi (Bünting) 

9. V-Markt (Kaes) 

10. Ratio² 

2,975 

Sources: Trade Dimensions, METRO GROUP 

1,887 

1,480 1,298 

835 

405 322 

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 

32.3% 25.6% 17.8% 7.8% 5.0% 3.9% 3.4% 2.2% 1.1% 0.8% 


The 10 topselling hypermarket and superstore retailers in Germany generated a sales 

volume of about €38 billion. 

1 

Net sales including value added tax composite rate ²Excluding Ratio Cash & Carry 

© METro AG 2010



The largest discounters in Germany, 2009 



25,450 

1. Aldi Nord, Aldi Süd (Aldi)¹ 

2. Lidl (Schwarz Group)¹ 

3. Netto (Edeka Group) 

4. Penny (REWE Group) 

5. Norma¹ 

6. Netto (Stavenhagen)² 

15,050 

10,950 

7,683 

2,550 

1,097 

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 

Source: Trade Dimensions 

40.6% 24.1% 17.4% 12.3% 3.8% 1.8% 


The 6 topselling discounters in Germany generated a sales volume of about €63 billion. 

1 

Estimate 2 

Edeka holds a 25% share 



Chemist‘s in Germany, 2009 




4,365 

1. Schlecker¹ 

2. dm 

3. Rossmann 

4. Müller¹ 

5. Budnikowsky 

3,748 

3,093 

2,200 

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 

360 

Source: Trade Dimensions 

31.7% 27.2% 22.5% 16.0% 2.6% 


The 5 topselling chemist's in Germany generated a sales volume of about €14 billion. 

1 

Estimate 

© METro AG 2010



The largest retailers of consumer 

electronics stores in Germany, 2009 ¹ 



Sources: Corporate Publications, Planet Retail, Articles from trade magazines 

10,837 

3,600 3,600 

3,146 

1,580 

1. Media Markt, Saturn (METRO GROUP)² 

2. Euronics Deutschland³ 

2. Expert Deutschland³ 

4. Electronic Partner Deutschland 

5. amazon.com 4 

6. pC Spezialist, Microtrend (Synaxon) 5 

7. EDA Telering 

8. Conrad Electronic 6 

9. proMarkt (REWE Group) 

1. 2. 2. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 

The 9 topselling consumer electronics businesses or purchasing cooperations in Germany 

generated a sales volume of about €27 billion. 

1,390 

1,060 

821 655 

¹Only the electronics specialty stores and electronics specialty businesses are considered in this diagram 

²Net sales plus estimated value added tax composite rate ³Company statement regarding members’ external sales 

4 

Estimate for electronics/entertainment (also supplied to other countries) 5 

Estimate 6 

Sales 2008 



Development of online 

retailing¹ sales in Germany 

in € billion 


Sources: German E-Commerce and Distance-selling Trade Association, TNS Infratest 2010 

1.0 

1.8 

2.7 

3.6 

5.2 

7.4 

Increase 2009 compared 

to previous year: 16% 

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006² 2007 2008 2009 

10.0 

10.9 

13.4 

15.5 

1 

Only transactions involving material goods; not services, licenses or information 

2 

Statistical jump because of change in method of data collection 

Online retailing in material goods is still recording high annual rates of growth in Germany. 

In 2009, sales reached around €15.5 billion; that corresponds to a 16 percent increase on the 

previous year. 

© METro AG 2010


p. 044 Europe 

Consumer goods trade 

Western Europe 

ICELAND 

0.3 m. €2.4 bn. 

0.0% 0.1% 

IRELAND 

4.5 m. €28.4 bn. 

0.6% 1.0% 

GREAT- 

BRitAIN 

61.6 m. €313.2 bn. 

7.6% 11.1% 

Belgium 

10.7 m. €71.1 bn. 

1.3% 2.5% 

NethERlANDs 

16.6 m. €89.2 bn. 

2.0% 3.2% 

LuxEMbouRG 

0.5 m. €3.8 bn. 

0.1% 0.1% 

ScandiNAvia 

BENElux 

GERMANY 

82.1 m. €349.2 bn. 

10.1% 12.4% 

FRANCE 

62.3 m. €397.9 bn. 

7.7% 14.1% 

Austria 

8.4 m. €49.9 bn. 

1.0% 1.8% 

Portugal 

10.7 m. €39.7 bn. 

1.3% €1.4% 

Sources: FERI, IGD, Iceland data of 2008 

Spain 

44.9 m. €199.7 bn. 

5.5% 7.1% 

SwitzERlAND 

7.6 m. €69.7 bn. 

0.9% 2.5% 

Italy 

59.9 m. €261.9 bn. 

7.4% 9.3% 


p. 045 Europe 

NorwAY 

4.8 m. €39.0 bn. 

0.6% 1.4% 

SwEDEN 

9.3 m. €52.6 bn. 

1.1% 1.9% 

FinlAND 

5.3 m. €33.0 bn. 

0.7% 1.2% 


DENMARk 

5.5 m. €36.0 bn. 

0.7% 1.3% 

Consumer goods trade Western Europe 

Population 


In total 811 million (100%) €2,823 billion (100%) 

In Western Europe 395 million (48.7%) €2,037 billion (72.1%) 

Approximately 50 percent of the European population lives in 

Western Europe. However, their share of European consumer 

goods retailing amounts to more than 70 percent. 

countRY 

in million in € billion 

in % in % 

Share of consumer goods trade 

Share of the European population 

© METro AG 2010


p. 046 Europe 


Eastern Europe 

LithuANia 

3.3 m. €6.5 bn. 

0.4% 0.2% 

Estonia 

1.3 m. €3.7 bn. 

0.2% 0.1% 

Latvia 

2.3 m. €4.7 bn. 

0.3% 0.2% 

PolAND 

38.1 m. €73.6 bn. 

4.7% 2.6% 

BelARus 

9.6 m. €8.2 bn. 

1.2% 0.3% 

SlovENia 

2.0 m. €8.0 bn. 

0.2% 0.3% 

Croatia 

4.4 m. €9.6 bn. 

0.5% 0.3% 

CzECh REPublic 

10.4 m. €31.8 bn. 

1.3% 1.1% 

Slovakia 

5.4 m. €13.0 bn. 

0.7% 0.5% 

HuNGARY 

10.0 m. €21.2 bn. 

1.2% 0.8% 

Moldova 

3.6 m. €1.5 bn. 

0.4% 0.1% 

RoMANia 

21.3 m. €38.1 bn. 

2.6% 1.3% 

Bosnia AND 

hERzEGoviNA 

3.8 m. €3.6 bn. 

0.5% 0.1% 

BulGARia 

7.5 m. €13.5 bn. 

0.9% 0.5% 

Serbia 

9.9 m. €11.4 bn. 

1.2% 0.4% 

Sources: FERI, IGD, Georgia Dates of 2008 

AlbANia 

3.2 m. €2.6 bn. 

0.4% 0.1% 

MACEDonia 

2.0 m. €2.1 bn. 

0.3% 0.1% 

GREECE 

11.2 m. €53.8 bn. 

1.4% 1.9% 


p. 047 Europe 

RussiAN FEDERAtion 

140.9 m. €336.2 bn. 

17.4% 11.9% 

UkRAiNE 

45.7 m. €17.5 bn. 

5.6% 0.6% 

Consumer goods trade Eastern Europe 

Population 


In total 811 million (100%) €2,823 billion (100%) 

In Eastern Europe 416 million (51.3%) €787 billion (27.9%) 

At present, Eastern Europe still accounts for less than 30 

percent of consumer goods retailing. More than one-third 

of the total demand for consumer goods here comes from 

Russia, which has by far the biggest retail trade. 

countRY 


in % in % 

Share of consumer goods trade 

Share of the European population 


GeoRGia 

4.3 m. €3.4 bn. 

0.5% 0.1% 

TurkEY 

74.8 m. €118.2 bn. 

9.2% 4.2% 

Cyprus 

0.9 m. €5.1 bn. 

0.1% 0.2% 

© METro AG 2010


p. 048 Europe 

Comparison of the gross domestic product (GDP) and 

private consumption figures for 2009 in Europe 

Inhabitants 

2009 

gdP 2009 

nominal 

gdP per 

inhabitant 

Source: FERI 

Country in million in € billion in € 

Belgium 10.7 337 31,700 

Bulgaria 7.5 33 4,500 

Denmark 5.5 223 40,700 

Germany 82.1 2,407 29,400 

Finland 5.3 171 32,100 

France 62.3 1,907 30,600 

Greece 11.2 238 21,300 

Great Britain 61.6 1,568 25,400 

Ireland 4.5 164 36,200 

Italy 59.9 1,520 25,400 

Croatia 4.4 45 10,300 

Netherlands 16.6 570 34,400 

Norway 4.8 275 57,100 

Austria 8.4 277 33,100 

Poland 38.1 310 8,100 

Portugal 10.7 164 15,300 

Romania 21.3 116 5,400 

Russia 140.9 889 6,300 

Sweden 9.3 288 31,100 

Switzerland 7.6 355 46,900 

Slovakia 5.4 63 11,700 

Spain 44.9 1,051 23,400 

Czech Republic 10.4 137 13,200 

Turkey 74.8 442 5,900 

Ukraine 45.7 80 1,800 

Hungary 10.0 93 9,300 

Highest 

Lowest 


p. 049 Europe 

Private consumption 

2009 

nominal 

Private 

consumption per 

inhabitant 

in € billion in € 

Ratio of private 

consumption 

to gdP 

176 16,500 52.2% Belgium 

22 2,900 65.4% Bulgaria 

110 20,100 49.2% Denmark 

1,410 17,200 58.6% Germany 

95 17,700 55.3% Finland 

1,112 17,800 58.3% France 

172 15,400 72.6% Greece 

1,023 16,600 65.2% Great Britain 

84 18,600 51.5% Ireland 

906 15,100 59.6% Italy 

26 5,800 56.9% Croatia 

264 15,900 46.3% Netherlands 

139 24,100 42.2% Norway 

151 18,100 54.6% Austria 

191 5,000 61.4% Poland 

108 10,100 65.9% Portugal 

73 3,400 62.8% Romania 

485 3,400 54.6% Russia 

140 15,100 48.6% Sweden 

206 27,300 58.2% Switzerland 

38 7,100 60.5% Slovakia 

589 13,100 56.0% Spain 

69 6,700 50.6% Czech Republic 

316 4,200 71.6% Turkey 

53 1,200 66.3% Ukraine 

49 4,900 53.1% Hungary 


The figures for the individual European countries (still) differ enormously. For example, 

the GDP per capita ranges from approx. €1,800 in Ukraine to around €57,000 in Norway. 

Private consumption per capita also varies greatly, with figures (not adjusted for purchasing 

power) ranging from €1,200 ukraine to over €27,000 in Switzerland. 

© METro AG 2010


p. 050 Europe 

Gross domestic product EU-15 countries 

vs. new EU-12 countries, 1999 – 2009 

Growth rates in percent (real) 

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 

7.0% 

5.0% 

3.0% 

1.0% 

New EU-12 

4.4 

3.0 

3.9 

2.9 

3.0 

2.9 

1.9 

1.2 1.2 

5.6 

4.7 

EU-15 

2.2 

1.8 

6.6 

3.0 

6.3 

2.6 

0.5 

3.9 

– 1.0% 

– 3.4 

– 3.0% 

Source: FERI 

– 5.0% 

– 4.3 

In recent years, the gross domestic product in the 12 new Eu member states constantly grew at 

a faster rate than the average GDp in the core EU-15 countries. 


p. 051 Europe 

Gross value added by economic sector 

EU-15 countries vs. EU-27 countries, 2009 

Gross value added in percent of the GDP 


EU-15 countries 

EU-27 countries 

29.8 29.1 

Company-related financial services 

20.5 20.8 

Trade, hotels and restaurants, 

transport and communication 

17.6 18.1 

Production industries, including energy 

6.2 6.3 

1.5 1.6 

Construction and housing 

Agriculture and forestry, fishing 

Source: Eurostat 

24.4 24.0 

Other services 

The distribution of gross value added in the EU-15 countries is different to that of the 

EU-27 countries viewed as a whole. The proportion of company-related financial services 

and also other miscellaneous services is higher in the EU-15 countries. The trade and 

production sectors, however, are slightly lower than average. 

© METro AG 2010


p. 052 Europe 

Breakdown of consumer spending in 

private households in Europe, 2008 

In percent (nominal) 

Germany Italy France 

Others (e.g. healthcare, education, 

personal hygiene, financial services) 

17.3 

14.1 15.0 

Housing, water, energy 24.3 

21.2 

25.3 


16.6 

15.5 

6.8 

17.4 

Leisure time, entertainment, culture 

9.4 

10.0 

9.1 

Accomodation and restaurant service 

Textiles, furniture, household appliances, etc. 

5.7 

12.1 

15.1 

6.2 

10.5 

Source: Eurostat 

Food and beverages, tobacco, etc. 

14.6 17.3 16.5 

There are considerable differences in how much money private households throughout 

Europe spend on the various types of consumer spendings. 


p. 053 Europe 


Great Britain Spain Poland Hungary 

16.3 

14.6 

18.3 

13.1 

Others (e.g. healthcare, 

education, personal hygiene, 

financial services) 

21.1 

17.7 

23.7 

19.3 

Housing, water, energy 

17.5 

11.6 

10.7 

14.2 

12.5 

8.6 

7.6 

17.7 2.8 

8.4 

19.4 

7.4 

5.1 

8.3 


Leisure time, entertainment, culture 

Accomodation and restaurant service 

Textiles, furniture, household 

appliances, etc. 

10.4 

10.5 

26.7 

27.4 

Food and beverages, tobacco, etc. 

12.3 

16.8 

© METro AG 2010


p. 054 Europe 

Development of retail sales in 

Western Europe, 2006 – 2009 

Average annual growth (CAGR) in 

percent (nominal) 

Source: FERI 

Eastern Europe Western Europe 

Sweden 4.0 

Switzerland 3.3 

Belgium 3.0 

Finland 2.9 

Great Britain 2.8 

Austria 2.5 

France 0.8 

Netherlands 0.7 

Italy 0.5 

Portugal – 0.5 

Germany – 0.6 

Spain – 1.4 

Denmark – 1.4 

Ireland – 1.6 

Ukraine 25.0 

Russia 18.9 

Romania 13.5 

Poland 7.9 

Turkey 6.8 

Slovakia 2.5 

Greece 0 

Croatia 0 

Hungary – 2.1 

Retail sales figures for Western Europe reveal very different growth rates on average for 

recent years. In many Eastern European countries, growth rates were high on average for 

recent years, despite the retail downturn in 2009. However, retail developments were weak 

in Hungary, Croatia and Greece. 


p. 055 Europe 

Consumer prices and retail 

prices in Europe, 2005 – 2009 

Average price increase in percent 


5.1 

Consumer prices 

Retail prices 

3.6 

2.8 2.7 

1.4 

2.3 

2.5 

2.0 

2.0 

1.7 

1.6 

0.1 

0.5 

Source: FERI 

Hungary Poland Spain Great Britain Italy Germany France 

– 0.5 

In the European countries examined, retail prices increased at a slower rate than consumer 

prices in general in recent years. 

© METro AG 2010


p. 056 Europe 

Development of the financial situation 

of the population in Europe, 2009 


Question: “How would you describe your current financial situation?” 

I 

E RUS F D A UK PL NL 

Source: GfK European Consumer Study 2009 / 2010 – Trendsensor Consumption 

0.5 1.1 1.3 

14.7 20.4 6.1 

52.9 

23.4 

8.4 

52.6 

68.0 

3.7 2.9 3.0 

8.7 

64.3 

27.5 

46.7 

30.6 

48.2 

4.1 

13.5 

1.3 

13.7 

65.7 69.5 

19.2 21.4 17.2 17.7 15.5 11.4 12.0 

6.7 3.2 6.1 5.1 2.6 5.3 3.5 

21.7 

29.2 

38.4 

7.5 

3.1 

“I can afford whatever I want.” 

“I‘m comfortable and can afford 

quite a few luxuries.” 

“All in all I‘m doing ok.” 

“I‘m just barely getting by.” 

“I can‘t make ends meet.” 

Italy, Spain and Russia have the highest proportion of citizens with limited financial means. 


p. 057 Europe 

Food retail space density in 

Western and Eastern Europe 

In sqm per 1,000 citizens 


400 – 600 300 – 400 100 – 300 1 – 100 

Sources: sales area: Planet Retail, population: UN 

Finland 

Norway 

Iceland 

Sweden 

Estonia 

Russian 

Latvia 

Federation 

Denmark 

Lithuania 

Ireland 

Netherlands 

Poland 

Germany 

Belarus 

Great Britain 

Belgium 

Czech Republic Slovakia Ukraine 

France 

Austria 

Moldova 

Hungary 

Switzerland Slovenia 

Romania 

Croatia 

Bulgaria 

Georgia 

Portugal 

Italy 

Spain 

Turkey 

Greece 

Bosnia and 

Herzegovina 

Cyprus 

Serbia 

Albania Macedonia 

The retail space density per inhabitant is highest in Northern and Central Europe. A slight 

decrease can be seen in more southerly areas of Europe, while retail space density falls 

increasingly sharply towards Eastern Europe. 

© METro AG 2010


p. 058 Europe 

Number of outlets in modern 

food retailing (> 400 sqm), 2009 

Per million citizens in Europe 

> 2,500 sqm 

1,000 – 2,500 sqm 

400 – 1,000 sqm 

439 

325 

248 

213 

198 

196 

194 

171 

143 

116 

97 

94 

9 

35 

395 


23 

52 

251 

8 

73 

168 

3 

82 

128 

10 

71 

116 

26 

48 

121 

A D B NL E F CH GR H PL GB 

22 

58 

114 

5 

51 

114 

15 

19 

109 

7 

109 

23 

22 

52 

23 

71 

SK 

The number and size of outlets in food retailing varies greatly from country to country. 


p. 059 Europe 

The 10 largest food retailers 

in Europe, 2009¹ 

Net sales¹ in € billion 

Total volume of top 10: 471.34 


Sources: Company information, PlanetRetail, METRO GROUP (average exchange rates for the financial year ) 

67.65 

63.21 

54.80 54.37 

50.91 

1. Carrefour (F) 

2. METRO GROUP (D) 

3. Schwarz Group (D)² 

4. Tesco (GB) 

5. REWE Group (D)² 

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 

Note: Figures translated at average exchange rates for the financial year 

¹The sales figures relate to each company’s total revenue in Europe (not exclusively food) 

²Estimates 

42.06 

38.43 

34.91 

6. Edeka Group (D) 

7. Aldi (D)² 

8. Auchan (F)² 

9. Leclerc (F)² 

10. ITM (Intermarché) (F)² 

33.80 

31.20 

The 10 largest food retailers in Europe (with indication of the home market) posted a total 

turnover of more than €470 billion in 2009. 

© METro AG 2010


p. 060 Europe 

Concentration of companies in 

European food retailing, 2009 

Food sales market share of the top 5 

in percent 

Source: PlanetRetail 

Sweden 88.0 

Denmark 84.7 

Finland 83.6 

Norway 77.5 

Belgium 75.3 

Luxembourg 72.5 

Switzerland 69.3 

Austria 66.9 

France 63.0 

Germany 62.9 

Portugal 61.5 

Spain 60.5 

Ireland 56.9 

Netherlands 54.1 

Slovakia 53.4 

Great Britain 51.7 

Hungary 49.6 

Czech Republic 46.2 

Greece 45.6 

Italy 32.9 

Ukraine 24.3 

Romania 23.5 

Russia 21.3 

Poland 21.2 

The concentration of food retailers in Western European countries is particularly high. In 

Germany, the 5 largest companies generate about 63 percent of the total food sales; in 

Sweden, the figure is almost 88 percent. 


p. 061 Europe 



Food retailing in Europe 

1 Carrefour (F) R €67.65 billion 

Sales brand Store format With outlets in¹ 

Carrefour Hypermarket B, BG, E, F, GR, I, PL, RO, RUS, TR 

Promocash Cash+carry F 

Champion Supermarket B 

Shopi Neighbourhood store F 

ED Discounter F 

Carrefour Petrol station F 

GB Supermarket B 

Express Neighbourhood store B 

Carrefour Marinopoulos Supermarket GR 

5’ Marinopoulos Convenience store GR 

Dia Discounter E, GR, TR 

GS Supermarket I 

Di Per Di Convenience store I 

Docks Market Cash+carry I 

Minipreço Discounter P 

Carrefour Express Supermarket E, F, GR, PL, RO, TR 

5 minut Convenience store PL 

Carrefour City Convenience store E 

With European outlets in: France, Belgium, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Spain, 

Turkey 


Only those country operations are shown in which the given company has a share of at least 

50 percent. 

1 

See page 65 for a key to the country abbreviations 

© METro AG 2010


p. 062 Europe 



2 Metro Group (D) R €63.21 billion 


Metro Cash & Carry Cash+carry A, BG, D, DK, F, H, HR, I, MD, RO, RUS, 

SK, SRB, TR, UA 

Makro Cash & Carry Cash+carry B, CZ, E, GB, GR, NL, P, PL 

Real Hypermarket D, PL, RO, RUS, TR, UA 

Media Markt Consumer electronics store A, B, CH, D, E, GR, H, I, NL, P, PL, RUS, 

S, TR 

Saturn Consumer electronics store A, B, CH, D, E, F, GR, H, I, L, NL, PL, TR 

Galeria Kaufhof Department store D 

Galeria Inno Department store B 

With European outlets in: Germany, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Great 

Britain, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Luxembourg, Moldova, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Serbia, 

Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine 

Source: PlanetRetail; as of 23th june 2010 

3 Schwarz Group (D)² R €54.80 billion 


Kaufland, KaufMarkt Hypermarket, superstore BG, CZ, D, HR, PL, RO, SK 

Handelshof Superstore D 

Mega Cent Discounter D 

Lidl Discounter A, B, CH, CZ, D, DK, E, F, FIN, GB, GR, H, 

HR, I, IRL, L, M, NL, P, PL, S, SK, SLO 

With outlets in: Germany, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Great Britain, 

Greece, Hungary Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, 

Sweden, Spain, Switzerland 

1 

See page 65 for a key to the country abbreviations ²Some of the figures are estimates 


p. 063 Europe 

4 Tesco (GB) R €54.37 billion 


Tesco Supermarket CZ, H, IRL, PL, SK 


Tesco Hypermarket CZ, H, PL, SK 

Tesco Superstore GB, IRL 

Tesco Extra Hypermarket GB, IRL 

Tesco Metro Supermarket GB 

Tesco Express, One Stop Convenience store CZ, GB, H, IRL, SK 

Kipa Hypermarket TR 

Kipa Ekspres Convenience store TR 

Tesco Homeplus Nonfood store GB 

Dobbies Garden centre GB 

With outlets in: Great Britain, Czech Republic, Hungary, Ireland, Poland, Slovakia, Turkey 

5 REWE Group (D)² R €50.91 billion 


Rewe, Akzenta Superstore D 

Rewe, Vierlinden, Rewe City, 

Rewe Center, Akzenta, Contra, 

Kaufpark, Temma Supermarket D 

Netto Discounter D 

Penny Discounter A, BG, CZ, D, H, I, RO 

With European outlets in: Germany, Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, France, Hungary, Italy, Poland, 

Romania, Russia, Switzerland, Ukraine 

rewe Group continued R 


50 percent. 

© METro AG 2010


p. 064 Europe 



REWE Group continued 

5 REWE Group (D)² R €50.91 billion 


Toom, Rewe Center Hypermarket D 

Toom, B1 Home improvement centre D 

Nahkauf etc. Neighbourhood store D 

ProMarkt Consumer electronics store D 

SB-Handelshof, Fegro, C-Gro Cash+carry D 

Selgros Cash+carry D, PL, RO, RUS 

Pro Direst, Aldis Service Plus Food service CH, F 

Howeg Food service CH 

Atlasreisen, der, Derpart Travel agency D 

ITS, Dertour, Jahn, Tjaereborg, 

Meier's etc. Tour operator D 

Billa Supermarket A, BG, CZ, HR, I, PL, RO, RUS, SK, Ua 

Billa Superstore Superstore I 

Magnet Superstore A 

Standa Supermarket D, I 

Merkur, Adeg, Sutterlüty Supermarket A 

Bipa Chemist’s A, I, HR 


Prodega Cash+carry CH 

AGM Cash+carry A 

With European outlets in: Germany, Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, France, Hungary, Italy, Poland, 

Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Switzerland, Ukraine 


50 percent. 

1 



p. 065 Europe 

6 EDEKA Group (D) R €42.06 billion 


Marktkauf, E center Hypermarket, superstore D 

E neukauf Superstore D 

E aktiv markt (Comet, Reichelt, 

Kupsch etc.) 

Neighbourhood store, supermarket D 


Nah & Gut Neighbourhood store D 

Netto, NP, Diska, Treff, Plus Discounter D 

E C+C Großmarkt Cash+carry D 

With European outlets in: Germany 

7 Aldi (D)² R €38.43 billion 


Aldi Süd Discounter CH, D, GB, GR, H, IRL 

Aldi Nord Discounter B, D, DK, E, F, L, NL, P, PL 

Hofer Discounter A, SLO 

With European outlets in: Germany, Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Great Britain, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, 

Luxembourg, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland 

Country Abbreviations 

A Austria GB Great Britain P Portugal 

B Belgium GR Greece Pl Poland 

BG Bulgaria H Hungary RO Romania 

BIH Bosnia and Herzegovina Hr Croatia RUs Russia 

CH Switzerland I Italy S Sweden 

CZ Czech Republic IRL Ireland SK Slovakia 

D Germany L Luxembourg SLO Slovenia 

DK Denmark LT Lithuania SRB Serbia 

E Spain LV Latvia Tr Turkey 

EST Estonia M Malta Ua Ukraine 

F France MD Moldova 

Fin Finland NL Netherlands 

© METro AG 2010


p. 066 Europe 




8 Auchan (FR)² R €34.91 billion 


Auchan Hypermarket F, H, I, L, PL, RO, RUS, UA 

Easy Marché Supermarket F 

Chronodrive, Alcampo Drive Food Service (drive-in) E, F 

Sma, Simply Market Supermarket F, I 

Simply Market Supermarket E, PL 

Alcampo Hypermarket E 

Aro Rojo Supermarket E 

Eurobounta Discounter (nonfood) F 

7 d, Aro Rojo Neighbourhood store E 

Jumbo Hypermarket P 

Pão de Açúcar Superstore P 

Box Consumer electronics store P 

Radouga Superstore RUS 

Atak Discounter RUS 

Les Halles d'Auchan Superstore F 

Alinéa Furniture store F 

With European outlets in: France, Italy, Luxembourg, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Spain, Ukraine, Hungary 


50 percent. 

1 



p. 067 Europe 

9 Leclerc (FR)² R €33.80 billion 


Leclerc Hypermarket E, F, PL, SLO 

Leclerc Supermarket F, P, PL 

Espace Culturel Music/video store E, F, P, PL 

L'Auto Automative service centre F 

Brico Jardin Home improvement centre F 

Leclerc Petrol stationshop F 

With European outlets in: France, Poland, Portugal, Slovenia, Spain 


10 Intermarché (FR)² R €31.20 billion 


Intermarché Supermarket B, E, F, P, PL 

Ecomarché Supermarket (small) B, F, P 

Le Relais des Mousquetaires Neighbourhood store F 

Bricomarché Home improvement centre F, P, PL 

Veti Textiles store F, P 

Stationmarché/Roady Garages F, P 

Culture et Loisirs Music/video store F 

Restaumarché Restaurant F 

InterEx Supermarket BIH, RO, SRB 

Netto Discounter F 

With European outlets in: France, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Spain 

© METro AG 2010


p. 068 Europe 

The 9 largest consumer electronics 

stores in Europe, 2009 

Gross sales 1 in € million 


Sources: Corporate publications, Planet Retail, articles from trade magazines 

23,414 

12,779 

11,593 

9,136 

6,873 

1. Media Markt and Saturn (METRO GROUP) 

2. Euronics 

3. DSG International 

4. Expert² 

5. KESA Electricals 

6. Electronic Partner 

7. Amazon.com³ 

8. Fnac (ppR Group) 4 

9. EDA Telering² 

5,148 

4,300 4,194 3,877 

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 

¹Net sales including value added tax composite rate ²Without Spain ³Estimates electronics/entertainment 

4 

Excluding books 

The 9 largest consumer electronics store operators by sales volume in Europe (with 

indication of the home market) reported a total turnover of more than €80 billion in 2009. 


p. 069 Europe 

The 10 largest department 

stores in Europe, 2009 

Net sales 1 2009 in € million 

Total Volume of top 10: 42,454 


Sources: Verdict Global Department Store Retailing 2010, 

Corporate information, METRO GROUP 

10,758 

9,667 

4,904 

4,095 

3,539 

¹Only department stores ²Net sales 2008 ³Estimate 

1. Marks & Spencer (GB) 

2. El Corte Inglés (E) 1, 2 

3. Argos (GB) 

4. Karstadt (D) 3 

5. Galeria Kaufhof/Inno (METRO GROUP) (D) 

6. Debenhams (GB) 

7. Galeries Lafayette (F) 2, 3 

8. John Lewis (GB) 

9. Manor (CH) 3 

10. Stockmann (FIN) 

2,214 2,166 2,065 1,977 

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 

1,069 

The 10 largest department store operators (with indication of the home market) 

reported a total turnover of more than €40 billion in 2009. 

© METro AG 2010


p. 070 Europe 

Share of sales accounted for by private labels 

in the European food retail sector 1 , 2009 

Share of sales in percent 


Switzerland 46.2 – 0.4 

Great Britain 42.5 – 1.1 

Germany 31.7 0.7 

Spain 31.4 5.5 

Slovakia 29.7 3.0 

Austria 28.0 0.9 

France 27.7 2.4 

Belgium 26.6 – 0.6 

Portugal 25.0 3.9 

Netherlands 24.8 3.3 

Czech Republic 23.6 0.8 

Denmark 21.5 0.5 

Hungary 19.6 3.3 

Italy 14.6 1.5 

Poland 13.9 2.0 

Greece 12.2 1.9 

Turkey 11.5 4.2 

k Variation of sales share of own brands 2007-2009 in %-pts. 

In most European countries, private labels accounted for a growing share of sales of fastmoving 

consumer goods 1 in the food retail sector in the past 3 years. 

¹Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) excluding fresh produce 


p. 071 Europe 

European comparison of Internet 

users and online shoppers 

Diameter corresponds to average 

annual online spending per online 

shopper 


k Percentage Internet user 1 

100 

75 

50 

Spain 

Germany 

Netherlands 

France 

Great Britain 

Sweden 

Italy 

Poland 

25 

Source: Forrester Research, 2010 

0 25 

50 75 100 

k Percentage online shoppers 2 

In Sweden, the Netherlands, Germany and the UK, the percentage of Internet users and 

online shoppers is above average. 

¹Percentage of the total population over the age of 16 who use the Internet 

²Internet users who have purchased goods online as a percentage of the total population over the age of 16 

© METro AG 2010


p. 072 Europe 

Store opening hours in Europe 

Sources: METRO GROUP, EuroCommerce, Germany: Federal law 

Rank 

Monday – Friday 

Saturday 

6 12 18 6 12 18 

1 Great Britain 0 – 24 0 – 24 

Ireland 0 – 24 0 – 24 

Poland 0 – 24 0 – 24 

Russia 0 – 24 0 – 24 

Sweden 0 – 24 0 – 24 

Slovakia 0 – 24 0 – 24 

Czech Republic 0 – 24 0 – 24 

Ukraine 0 – 24 0 – 24 

Hungary 0 – 24 0 – 24 2 

2 Portugal 0 – 24 0 – 24 

3 Germany 0 – 24 3 0 – 24 3 

France 0 – 24 0 – 24 

Greece 0 – 24 0 – 24 

Norway 0 – 24 0 – 24 

Spain 0 – 24 0 – 24 

4 Denmark 0 – 24 0 – 17 

5 Belgium 5 – 22 5 – 21 

6 Italy 5 – 21 5 – 21 

Netherlands 6 – 22 6 – 22 

7 Austria 6 – 21 6 – 18 

8 Finland 7 – 21 7 – 18 

1 

Stores less than 280 sqm; otherwise 6 hours between 10 am to 6 pm 

2 

Until 2 pm on December 24, but subject to some local restrictions between 10 pm and 6 am 

³In most states; in some cases 6 am to 8/10 pm 


p. 073 Europe 

Sunday 

6 12 18 

Total hours 

0 – 24 1 168 Great Britain 1 

0 – 24 168 Ireland 

0 – 24 168 Poland 

0 – 24 168 Russia 

0 – 24 168 Sweden 

0 – 24 168 Slovakia 

0 – 24 168 Czech Republic 

0 – 24 168 Ukraine 

0 – 24 2 168 Hungary 

6 – 24 162 Portugal 2 

> 10 Sundays /year 144 Germany 3 

— 144 France 

> 18 Sundays /year 144 Greece 

3 Sundays /year 144 Norway 

12 Sundays /year 144 Spain 

12 Sundays /year 137 Denmark 4 

— 101 Belgium 5 

— 96 Italy 6 

12 Sundays /year 4 96 Netherlands 

— 87 Austria 7 

12 – 21 5 81 / 90 Finland 8 

Rank 


4 

Sunday shopping allowed in Amsterdam, Rotterdam and tourist centres 

5 

May, June, July, August, November and December only 

© METro AG 2010


p. 074 Worldwide 

Consumer goods world trade 

World population, total: 6,829 million people 

Consumer goods trade, total: €9,459 billion 

NAFta / 

North America 

458 m. €2.518 bn. 

6.7% 26.6% 

Central and 

South America 

430 m. €605 bn. 

6.3% 6.4% 

Sources: FERI, IGD 



Nearly 60 percent of consumer goods retailing focuses on one-fifth 

of the world’s population (Europe and North America). 

Europe 

Share of the 

world’s population 

Share of global 

consumer goods trade 

Western Europe 395 million (5.8%) €2,036 billion (21.5%) 

Eastern Europe 416 million (6.1%) €787 billion (8.3%) 

Europe total 811 million (11.9%) €2,823 billion (29.8%) 


Asia 

4,086 m. €3.136 bn. 

59.8% 33.2% 

Africa 

1,009 m. €239 bn. 

14.8% 2.5% 

Oceania 

35 m. €132 bn. 

0.5% 1.4% 

Continent 


in % in % 

Share of global consumer goods trade 

Share of the world’s population 

© METro AG 2010



Economic development in Germany, 

Europe and the world 

GDP (real) in percent 

2005 2006 

7.2 



5.4 

4.8 

3.4 

3.1 

5.2 

3.8 

Asia 

1.9 

World 

Source: FERI 

Overall, the Asian economy has overcome the financial and economic crisis best. Its development 

in 2009 was also stable, unlike every other region. 



2007 2008 2009 


7.3 

5.8 

5.0 

3.7 

2.7 

2.5 

0.5 

1.4 

– 0.1 

– 2.2 

– 4.2 

– 5.8 

© METro AG 2010



Change in GDP and private consumption 

in selected countries, 2009 

Real, in percent 

– 14 – 12 – 10 – 8 – 6 – 4 – 2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 

China 

India 

3.9 

5.7 

7.2 

8.7 

Poland 

1.7 

2.3 

Asia – 0.1 1.3 

– 2.5 

0.6 

France 

– 3.6 

– 4.9 

Spain 

– 4.2 

– 1.5 


– 4.7 

– 2.3 

Turkey 

Source: FERI, as of June 2010 

– 10.6 

– 4.9 

– 4.9 

– 5.2 

– 5.8 

– 5.6 

– 7.1 

– 7.8 

– 7.7 

– 3.2 

– 1.0 

– 0.1 

Great Britain 

Germany 

Japan 


Romania 

Russia 

GDP 

Private consumption 

China and India experienced the greatest economic growth again in 2009, whereas most countries 

reported decreases during the financial and economic crisis. private consumption also 

increased most in the Asian countries. 



The 10 largest food 

retailers worldwide 

Net sales 2009 in € billion 

Total volume of top 10: 811.60 


Sources: Corporate information METRO GROUP, PlanetRetail 

289.53 

85.93 

65.53 64.19 

Note: average exchange rates for the financial year 

¹Estimates 

1. Wal-Mart (USA) 

2. Carrefour (F) 

3. METRO GROUP (D) 

4. Tesco (GB) 

5. Schwarz Group (D) 

6. Costco (USA) 

7. Kroger (USA) 

8. REWE Group (D) 

9. Aldi (D) 1 

10. Target (USA) 

54.80 52.87 52.58 50.91 49.60 

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 

45.34 

The 10 food retailers with the highest turnover generated total sales around €812 billion. 

METRO GROup is the world‘s third largest food retailer. The diagram shows the 10 food 

retailers in terms of sales volume (together with their domestic markets). 

© METro AG 2010




Food retailing worldwide 


1 Wal-Mart (USA) R €289.53 billion 


Wal-Mart Supercenter Hypermarket BR, CDN, MEX, PRI, RA, RC, USA 

Wal-Mart Discounter (nonfood, large scale) CDN, PRI, USA 

Sam’s Club Cash+carry BR, MEX, PRI, RC, USA 

Wal-Mart Neighborhood Market Superstore RC, USA 

Todo Dia Superstore BR 

Bompreço Superstore BR 

Big Hypermarket BR 

Nacional, Mercadorama Supermarket BR 

Maxxi Atacado Cash+carry BR 

Hiper Magazine Book trade BR 

Asda Wal-Mart Supercentre Hypermarket GB 

Asda Superstore GB 

Asda Living Discounter (nonfood, large scale) GB 

Livin, Seiyu Hypermarket J 

Seiyu, Sunny, Seiyu The Food Factory Superstore J 

Wakana Fast-food chain J 

Aurrerá, Bodega Aurrerá Superstore MEX 

Superama Supermarket MEX 

Suburbia Textiles store MEX 

Vips Restaurant MEX 

Wal-Mart continued R 

1 




Wal-Mart continued 

1 Wal-Mart (USA) R €289.53 billion 


Amigo Superstore PRI 

Hiper Paiz Hypermarket ES, GCA, HN 

Despensa Familiar Discounter ES, GCA, HN 

La Despensa de Don Juan Supermarket ES 

Hipermas Hypermarket CR 

Pali Discounter CR, NIC 

Mas-x-menos Superstore CR 

Supertiendas Paiz Supermarket GCA, HN 

ClubCo Cash+carry GCA 

Maxi Bodega Supermarket CR, HN, GCA 

La Union Supermarket NIC 

Changomas Superstore RA 

Marketside Supermarket USA 

Hiper Lider Hypermarket RCH 

aCuenta, Express de Lider Supermarket RCH 

Ekono Discounter RCH 

Smart Choice Supermarket RC 

Best Price Modern Wholesale Cash+carry IND 

Super Ahorros Discounter PRI 

With outlets in: USA, Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, El Salvador, Great Britain, Guatemala, Honduras, India, 

Japan, Mexico, Nicaragua, Puerto Rico, Costa Rica 



50 percent. 

© METro AG 2010








Carrefour Hypermarket B, BG, BR, CO, E, F, GR, I, MA, MAL, PL, 

RA, RC, RI, RO, SGP, SYR, THA, TR 

Promocash Cash+carry F 

Champion, Carrefour Market Supermarket B, F 

Shopi Convenience store F 

ED Discounter F 

Carrefour Petrol station F 

GB Supermarket B 

Express Convenience store B 

5 Marinopoulos, Carrefour 

Marinopoulos Supermarket GR 

Dia Discounter BR, E, GR, RA, RC, TR 

GS Supermarket I 

Di Per Di Convenience store I 

Docks Market Cash+carry I 

Hyperstar Hypermarket IR 

Minipreço Discounter P 

Carrefour Express Supermarket E, GR, RA, RI, TR, PL 

Carrefour Market Supermarket MAL, RO 

Carrefour Express Convenience store BR, MAL 

Carrefour continued R 

1 




Carrefour continued 



Carrefour Bairro Supermarket BR 

Atacadão Cash+carry BR, CO 

5 minut Convenience store PL 

Carrefour City Convenience store E 

With outlets in: France, Argentina, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, China, Colombia, Greece, Indonesia, Iran, Italy, Malaysia, 

Marocco, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Singapore, Spain, Syrien, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey 


3 Metro Group (D) R €65.53 billion 


Metro Cash & Carry Cash+carry A, BG, D, DK, F, H, HR, I, IND, J, KZ, 

MD, PK, RC, RO, RUS, SK, SRB, TR, 

UA, VN 

Makro Cash & Carry Cash+carry B, CZ, E, EG, GR, GB, MA, NL, P, PL 

Real Hypermarket D, PL, RO, RUS, TR, UA 

Media Markt Consumer electronics store A, B, CH, D, E, GR, H, I, NL, P, PL, RUS, 

S, TR 

Saturn Consumer electronics store A, B, CH, D, E, F, GR, H, I, L, NL, PL, 

TR 

Galeria Kaufhof Department store D 

Galeria Inno Department store B 

With outlets in: Germany, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, China, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, France, 

Great Britain, Greece, Hungary, India, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Luxembourg, Marocco, Moldova, Netherlands, Pakistan, 

Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, Vietnam 


50 percent. 

© METro AG 2010








Tesco Supermarket CZ, H, IRL, PL, SK 

Tesco Hypermarket CZ, H, MAL, PL, SK 

Tesco Superstore CZ, GB, H, IRL, MAL, PL, SK 

Tesco Department store CZ, SK 

Tesco Extra Hypermarket IRL, GB 

Tesco Metro Supermarket GB 

Tesco Express Convenience store CZ, GB, H, IRL, J, SK 

One Stop Convenience store GB 

Homeplus Express Convenience store ROK 

Hymall Hypermarket RC 

Kipa Hypermarket TR 

Tsurukame, Tsurukame Land Supermarket J 

Foodlet Tsurukame Discounter J 

Masushin Cash+carry J 

Tesco Cash+carry I 

Homeplus Hypermarket ROK 

Talad Lotus Supermarket THA 

Tesco Lotus Hypermarket, superstore THA 

Tesco Lotus Express Convenience store THA 

Tesco continued R 

1 

See page 89 for a key to the country abbreviations 2 

Estimates 



Tesco continued 



Tesco Lotus Express Convenience store THA 

Tesco Homeplus Nonfood store GB 

Kipa Ekspres Convenience store TR 

Tesco Legou Express Convenience store RC 

Fresh & Easy Supermarket USA 

Dobbies Garden centre GB 

With outlets in: Great Britain, China, Czech Republic, Hungary, India, Ireland, Japan, Malaysia, Poland, Slovakia, 

South Korea, Thailand, Turkey, USA 


5 Schwarz Group (D)² R €54.80 billion 


Kaufland, KaufMarkt Hypermarket, superstore BG, CZ, D, HR, PL, RO, SK 

Handelshof Superstore D 

Lidl Discounter A, B, BG, CH, CY, CZ, D, DK, E, F, FIN, 

GB, GR, H, HR, I, IRL, L, M, NL, P, PL, 

S, SK, SLO 

With outlets in: Germany, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, 

Great Britain, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, 

Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Switzerland, Spain 


50 percent. 

© METro AG 2010





6 Costco (USA) R €52.87 billion 


Costco Cash+carry A, CDN, GB, J, MEX, PRI, RC, ROK, USA 

With outlets in: USA, Austria, Canada, Great Britain, Japan, Mexico, Puerto Rico, South Korea, Taiwan 


7 Kroger (USA) R €52.58 billion 


Fred Meyer, Fry’s Food & Drug Store, 

King Soopers Hypermarket USA 

Food 4 less, Ralphs, Smith’s Food & Drug 

Center, Kroger, Dillons Food Store Hypermarket, superstore USA 

QFC Quality Food Center, Jay C Food Store Superstore USA 

Kwik Shop, Loaf’N Jug, Quick Stop 

Markets, Tom Thumb Food Stores, Turkey 

Hill Minit Markets Petrol stationshop USA 

Fred Meyer Jewelers Jeweller’s USA 

With outlets in: USA 

1 




8 REWE Group (D) R €50.91 billion 


Rewe, Akzenta Superstore D 

Rewe, Vierlinden, Rewe City, Kaufpark Supermarket D 

Penny Discounter A, BG, CZ, D, H, I, RO 

Toom, Rewe Center, Akzenta Hypermarket D 

Toom, B1 Home improvement centre D 

ProMarkt Consumer electronics store D 

SB-Handelshof, Fegro, C-Gro Cash+carry D 

Selgros Cash+carry D, PL, RO, RUS 

Pro Direst, Aldis Service Plus, Howeg Food service CH, F 

Atlasreisen, der, Derpart Travel agency D 

Penny XXL Discounter RO 

ITS, Dertour, Jahn, Tjaereborg, Meier's etc. Tour operator 

Billa Supermarket A, BG, CZ, HR, I, RO, RUS, SK, UA 

Billa Superstore Superstore I 

Standa Supermercati Supermarket D, I 

Merkur, Adeg, Magnet, Sutterlüty Supermarket A 

Bipa Chemist’s A, HR, I 

Prodega Cash+carry CH 

AGM Cash+carry A 

With outlets in: Germany, Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, France, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Romania, 

Russia, Slovakia, Switzerland, Ukraine 

D 



50 percent. 

© METro AG 2010





9 Aldi (D)² R €49.60 billion 


Aldi Süd Discounter AUS, CH, D, GB, GR, H, IRL, USA 

Aldi Nord Discounter B, D, DK, E, F, L, NL, P, PL 

Trader Joe's Supermarket USA 

Hofer Discounter A, SLO 

With outlets in: Germany, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Great Britain, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, 

Luxembourg, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, USA 


10 Target (US) R €45.34 billion 


SuperTarget Hypermarket USA 

Target Discount superstore USA 

With outlets in: USA 

1 

See page 89 for a key to the country abbreviations 2 

Some of the figures are estimates 



A 

Country Abbreviations 

Austria 

ES 

El Salvador 

LT 

Lithuania 

RO 

Romania 


AUs Australia 

B Belgium 

BG Bulgaria 

BIH Bosnia and 

Herzegovina 

BR Brazil 

Cdn Canada 

CH Switzerland 

CO Colombia 

CR Costa Rica 

CZ Czech Republic 

D Germany 

DK Denmark 

DZ Algeria 

E Spain 

EST Estonia 

F France 

Fin Finland 

GB Great Britain 

GCa Guatemala 

GR Greece 

H Hungary 

Hn Honduras 

Hr Croatia 

I Italy 

IND India 

IRL Ireland 

J Japan 

KZ Kazakhstan 

L Luxembourg 

LV Latvia 

M Malta 

MA Marocco 

MAL Malaysia 

MD Moldova 

MEX Mexico 

NIC Nicaragua 

NL Netherlands 

P Portugal 

Pl Poland 

Pri Puerto Rico 

RA Argentina 

RC China, Taiwan 

RCH Chile 

RI Indonesia 

ROK South Korea 

RUs Russia 

S Sweden 

SGP Singapore 

SK Slovakia 

SLO Slovenia 

SRB Serbia 

T Thailand 

Tr Turkey 

Ua Ukraine 

Usa United States 

of America 

Vn Vietnam 


50 percent. 

© METro AG 2010



International presence of selected 

food retail companies in 2010 

Number of countries per continent/region¹ 

Western 

Europe 

Eastern 

Europe 

naFTA 

Central and 

South America 

Sources: Corporate information, METRO GROUP, PlanetRetail 

METRO GROup 13 14 

Schwarz Group 17 9 

Carrefour 6 6 3 

Aldi 12 4 1 

Wal-Mart 1 3 9 

REWE Group 5 9 

Tesco 2 5 1 

Tengelmann 3 10 

Auchan 5 5 

Casino 2 5 

In terms of country coverage, METRO GROup is the world‘s leading retail company. 

1 

Only those country operations are shown in which the given company has a share of at least 50 percent 




Asia 

Oceania 

Middle East 

and Africa 

Totel number 

of countries 

5 2 34 METRO GROup 

26 Schwarz Group 

8 1 24 Carrefour 

1 18 Aldi 

3 16 Wal-Mart 

14 REWE Group 

6 14 Tesco 

13 Tengelmann 

2 1 13 Auchan 

2 2 11 Casino 

© METro AG 2010



The 20 largest FMCG companies 

according to food sales 

Total volume of top 20: US-Dollar 694.94 billion 

Source: LZnet 

Rank Company Business activity 

1 Nestlé (CH) Food and beverages in general 

2 Procter & Gamble (USA) Personal hygiene, food and beverages in general 

3 Unilever (GB/NL) Food and beverages in general, detergents 

4 PepsiCo (USA) Non-alcoholic beverages, snacks 

5 Kraft Foods (USA) Candies, pet food 

6 ABInBev (B) Beer 

7 Coca-Cola Co.(USA) Non-alcoholic beverages 

8 Mars/Wrigley (USA) Candies, pet food 

9 Tyson Foods (USA) Meat, sausage 

10 L'Oréal (F) Cosmetics 

11 Philip Morris Int. (CH) Tobacco 

12 Japan Tobacco (J) Tobacco, food and beverages 

13 British American Tobacco (GB) Tobacco 

14 Groupe Danone (F) Chilled food, water 

15 Kirin Brewery (J) Beer, dairy products 

16 Heineken (NL) Beer 

17 Henkel (D) Detergents 

18 Kimberly-Clark (USA) Consumer healthcare 

19 Philip Morris (USA) Tobacco 

20 SABMiller (GB) Beer 

The 20 largest food companies worldwide generate sales of almost $695 billion. 



Sales in billion US-Dollar (net) Annual change Rank 

101,823 + 2.2% 1 

79,029 – 3.3% 2 

59,623 + 0.8% 3 

43,251 + 16.8% 4 

42,201 + 9.6% 5 

39,200 + 3.3% 6 

31,944 + 10.7% 7 

30,000 1 + 20.0% 8 

26,862 + 4.4% 9 

25,810 + 2.8% 10 

25,705 + 12.7% 11 

22,951 + 11.0% 12 

22,488 + 21.0% 13 

22,394 + 19.1% 14 

22,344 + 27.9% 15 

21,068 + 27.3% 16 

20,773 + 8.1% 17 

19,415 + 6.3% 18 

19,356 + 3.7% 19 

18,703 – 12.6% 20 


¹Estimates 

© METro AG 2010

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