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Advances in Solid-State Joining at EWI

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L<strong>in</strong>ear Friction Weld<strong>in</strong>g<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

New technology<br />

─ Concepts derived from direct-drive<br />

friction weld<strong>in</strong>g<br />

─ Young technology, developed only ~15<br />

years ago<br />

─ Modern systems largely hydraulically<br />

based<br />

Process <strong>in</strong>puts<br />

─ Normal force<br />

─ Transl<strong>at</strong>ional frequency<br />

─ Transl<strong>at</strong>ional displacement<br />

─ Deceler<strong>at</strong>ion sequence for align<strong>in</strong>g parts<br />

Advantages<br />

─ High deform<strong>at</strong>ions (~10s of thousands<br />

of percent) along bond l<strong>in</strong>e<br />

─ Weld morphologies similar to other<br />

friction welds<br />

─ Rapid (seconds) cycle times<br />

L<strong>in</strong>ear friction weld<strong>in</strong>g system (Courtesy Thompson<br />

Friction Weld<strong>in</strong>g Mach<strong>in</strong>es)<br />

Schem<strong>at</strong>ic Diagram of the l<strong>in</strong>ear friction weld<strong>in</strong>g<br />

process (Courtesy APCI Inc.)

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