Optimized Phases for reactor dismantling â an efficient and ...
Optimized Phases for reactor dismantling â an efficient and ...
Optimized Phases for reactor dismantling â an efficient and ...
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<strong>Optimized</strong> <strong>Phases</strong> <strong>for</strong> Reactor Dism<strong>an</strong>tling<br />
–<br />
<strong>an</strong> <strong>efficient</strong> <strong>an</strong>d sustainable concept<br />
Steph<strong>an</strong> Krüger, Jörg Winter, AREVA GmbH<br />
Varna, June 05 - 07, 2013
Content<br />
Key driver of <strong>reactor</strong> <strong>dism<strong>an</strong>tling</strong><br />
Social tr<strong>an</strong>sition m<strong>an</strong>agement<br />
Cost optimization potential<br />
Dism<strong>an</strong>tling strategies <strong>an</strong>d scenarios<br />
Summary<br />
Varna - June 2013 - <strong>Optimized</strong> <strong>Phases</strong> <strong>for</strong> Reactor Dism<strong>an</strong>tling - AREVA GmbH - Steph<strong>an</strong> Krüger, Jörg Winter - Page 3<br />
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Key driver of <strong>reactor</strong> <strong>dism<strong>an</strong>tling</strong><br />
‣ Nuclear safety / technology are the key drivers!<br />
in operation<br />
Really?<br />
after shutdown<br />
Cooling 20.000 kg/s a few kg/s<br />
Reaction time in case of events max. few hours 2 – 5 days<br />
<br />
Only fuel unloading <strong>an</strong>d a Full System Decontamination (FSD) reduces the<br />
activity inventory of a light water <strong>reactor</strong> by the factor 100 Million<br />
‣ So what are the key drivers?<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Operational safety (safety at work, radiation <strong>an</strong>d environmental protection,<br />
org<strong>an</strong>isation on site, …) in a dynamic safety case<br />
Social tr<strong>an</strong>sition of people <strong>an</strong>d regions<br />
Efficiency (costs) – personnel, installations, waste<br />
Varna - June 2013 - <strong>Optimized</strong> <strong>Phases</strong> <strong>for</strong> Reactor Dism<strong>an</strong>tling - AREVA GmbH - Steph<strong>an</strong> Krüger, Jörg Winter - Page 4<br />
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One of the major challenges of a decommissioning project<br />
Tr<strong>an</strong>sitioning staff from <strong>an</strong> Operation to a Dism<strong>an</strong>tling mind <strong>an</strong>d competences set<br />
Re-deploying staff<br />
Maintain skills, motivation <strong>an</strong>d excellence throughout the project<br />
Our strategy <strong>an</strong>d the lessons we learned<br />
Put Hum<strong>an</strong> <strong>an</strong>d Org<strong>an</strong>ization Factors concerns, very high in the project priorities<br />
Implement <strong>an</strong> extensive <strong>an</strong>d “rewarding” training program<br />
to qualify <strong>an</strong>d certify operators (to become dism<strong>an</strong>tlers) including coaching<br />
Such as the “plutonium school” at Cadarache<br />
Re-allocate <strong>for</strong>mer staff to other projects / programs within the comp<strong>an</strong>y<br />
Implement a new “Project” spirit <strong>an</strong>d org<strong>an</strong>ization<br />
Incentivize on safety, quality <strong>an</strong>d per<strong>for</strong>m<strong>an</strong>ce<br />
An example at Cadarache MOX pl<strong>an</strong>t<br />
Successful staff reduction by a factor of ~10<br />
while maintaining project per<strong>for</strong>m<strong>an</strong>ce<br />
<strong>an</strong>d social consensus<br />
Social tr<strong>an</strong>sition m<strong>an</strong>agement<br />
Varna - June 2013 - <strong>Optimized</strong> <strong>Phases</strong> <strong>for</strong> Reactor Dism<strong>an</strong>tling - AREVA GmbH - Steph<strong>an</strong> Krüger, Jörg Winter - Page 5<br />
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Cost reduction thru <strong>efficient</strong> processes<br />
main drivers <strong>for</strong> per<strong>for</strong>m<strong>an</strong>ce in D&D projects<br />
Pl<strong>an</strong>ning productivity improvement<br />
1<br />
Successful strategies are<br />
based on experience gained<br />
from on-going projects<br />
Fr<strong>an</strong>ce:<br />
La Hague<br />
Caderache<br />
Marcoule<br />
Germ<strong>an</strong>y:<br />
Stade<br />
Würgassen<br />
UK:<br />
Sellafield<br />
USA:<br />
H<strong>an</strong><strong>for</strong>d<br />
Sav<strong>an</strong>nah River<br />
5<br />
6<br />
Regulatory<br />
monitoring &<br />
controls<br />
Dism<strong>an</strong>tling<br />
Operations<br />
Dism<strong>an</strong>tling<br />
strategies &<br />
scenario<br />
Per<strong>for</strong>m<strong>an</strong>ce<br />
Improvement<br />
Pl<strong>an</strong><br />
Site<br />
M<strong>an</strong>agemen<br />
t &<br />
Operations<br />
Waste<br />
m<strong>an</strong>agement<br />
& logistics<br />
Supply chain<br />
2<br />
3<br />
4<br />
Varna - June 2013 - <strong>Optimized</strong> <strong>Phases</strong> <strong>for</strong> Reactor Dism<strong>an</strong>tling - AREVA GmbH - Steph<strong>an</strong> Krüger, Jörg Winter - Page 6<br />
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Cost reduction thru <strong>efficient</strong> processes<br />
Dism<strong>an</strong>tling strategy <strong>an</strong>d scenarios<br />
pre <strong>dism<strong>an</strong>tling</strong> operations pl<strong>an</strong>ning:<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Work breakdown logic structure <strong>an</strong>d scheduling<br />
Partnership development<br />
Safety process review<br />
<strong>dism<strong>an</strong>tling</strong> operations pl<strong>an</strong>ning:<br />
<br />
<br />
Operation productivity improvement<br />
Synergies with other site operations<br />
post <strong>dism<strong>an</strong>tling</strong> operations pl<strong>an</strong>ning:<br />
<br />
optimization of waste m<strong>an</strong>agement <strong>an</strong>d<br />
utilization of waste packages<br />
Example La Hague:<br />
Life cycle cost evolution<br />
following per<strong>for</strong>m<strong>an</strong>ce actions (%)<br />
Varna - June 2013 - <strong>Optimized</strong> <strong>Phases</strong> <strong>for</strong> Reactor Dism<strong>an</strong>tling - AREVA GmbH - Steph<strong>an</strong> Krüger, Jörg Winter - Page 7<br />
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Overview <strong>dism<strong>an</strong>tling</strong> sequences<br />
Power<br />
Operation<br />
Post-Operational Phase<br />
Phase of Remaining Operation<br />
Shutdown<br />
Dism<strong>an</strong>tling Approval<br />
Approval Steps<br />
Free Release<br />
Licensing<br />
1<br />
2<br />
Discharge of FA <strong>an</strong>d clearing<br />
of the pool<br />
System Decontamination<br />
Studies, engineering,<br />
sampling, characterization<br />
Dism<strong>an</strong>tling of<br />
activated components<br />
(RPV, bioshield)<br />
Dekontamination der Gebäude<br />
Dism<strong>an</strong>tling/Decontamination of components<br />
Decontamination of the buildings<br />
Dism<strong>an</strong>tling of systems <strong>an</strong>d components not subject to nuclear legislation<br />
Conventional<br />
Demolition<br />
Waste Treatment<br />
Facility<br />
Interim Storage Facility of<br />
Waste Treatment<br />
Backfitting of mobile operating systems<br />
Radiological inventory almost removed<br />
1. Dism<strong>an</strong>tling from „hot“ to „cold“ → early removal of the radiological inventory<br />
2. Installation of mobile operating systems → fast & complete clearing<br />
3. Definition of a smart project structure → reduction of interfaces<br />
Varna - June 2013 - <strong>Optimized</strong> <strong>Phases</strong> <strong>for</strong> Reactor Dism<strong>an</strong>tling - AREVA GmbH - Steph<strong>an</strong> Krüger, Jörg Winter - Page 8<br />
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Target:<br />
Why Hot to Cold?<br />
Radiological inventory<br />
Fast reduction of the hazardous potential of the NPP –<br />
actually factor 100 Billion by 3 main measures<br />
Nearly 100% of the radiological<br />
inventory removed early;<br />
factor<br />
10.000<br />
Signific<strong>an</strong>t simplification of further<br />
<strong>dism<strong>an</strong>tling</strong> steps<br />
factor<br />
10.000<br />
factor<br />
1.000<br />
Pl<strong>an</strong>t shut down<br />
~ 1 E21<br />
Fuel unloaded<br />
Full System Decont.<br />
per<strong>for</strong>med<br />
~ 1 E17 ~ 1 E13 ~ 1 E10<br />
Activity inventory of a NPP [Becquerel]<br />
Activated inventory<br />
dism<strong>an</strong>tled<br />
Varna - June 2013 - <strong>Optimized</strong> <strong>Phases</strong> <strong>for</strong> Reactor Dism<strong>an</strong>tling - AREVA GmbH - Steph<strong>an</strong> Krüger, Jörg Winter - Page 9<br />
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Why Hot to Cold?<br />
Comparison: current Strategy optimized Strategy<br />
complexity<br />
licensing<br />
waste treatment centre<br />
intermediate storage<br />
Full System Decont.<br />
Dism<strong>an</strong>tling<br />
primary circuit<br />
(RPV incl.<br />
Internals,<br />
bioshield)<br />
Erection<br />
mobile pl<strong>an</strong>t<br />
systems<br />
Dism<strong>an</strong>tling<br />
controlled<br />
area<br />
Dism<strong>an</strong>tling<br />
primary circuit<br />
(RPV incl.<br />
Internals,<br />
bioshield)<br />
Erection<br />
mobile pl<strong>an</strong>t<br />
systems<br />
optimized strategy<br />
current strategy<br />
Dism<strong>an</strong>tling<br />
-4 0<br />
5 10<br />
license<br />
time [a]<br />
Savings of overall costs by reduced time line & riskless phase out<br />
Varna - June 2013 - <strong>Optimized</strong> <strong>Phases</strong> <strong>for</strong> Reactor Dism<strong>an</strong>tling - AREVA GmbH - Steph<strong>an</strong> Krüger, Jörg Winter - Page 10<br />
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Early back fitting of mobile residual operating systems<br />
Why Hot to Cold?<br />
Early installation of mobile operating systems<br />
Water Purification<br />
Supervision<br />
Power<br />
Supply<br />
Heating<br />
System<br />
Climate<br />
Ventilation<br />
Exhaust Air<br />
• Complete shutdown of systems<br />
• Complete clearing room-by-room possible<br />
• Unhindered exit strategy <strong>for</strong> the tr<strong>an</strong>sition to the conventional demolition<br />
• Easy removal of the mobile systems after withdrawal from the ambit of the Atomic Law<br />
Radical & fast <strong>dism<strong>an</strong>tling</strong> of systems <strong>an</strong>d buildings possible<br />
Varna - June 2013 - <strong>Optimized</strong> <strong>Phases</strong> <strong>for</strong> Reactor Dism<strong>an</strong>tling - AREVA GmbH - Steph<strong>an</strong> Krüger, Jörg Winter - Page 11<br />
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Definition of project structure & Interfaces<br />
Overall Project M<strong>an</strong>agement <strong>an</strong>d responsibility<br />
by a General Contractor<br />
Signific<strong>an</strong>t reduction of interfaces <strong>an</strong>d<br />
optimization of the critical time line<br />
Varna - June 2013 - <strong>Optimized</strong> <strong>Phases</strong> <strong>for</strong> Reactor Dism<strong>an</strong>tling - AREVA GmbH - Steph<strong>an</strong> Krüger, Jörg Winter - Page 12<br />
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Time Scheduling<br />
Clearing of the Containment<br />
Decommissioning License<br />
Phase of Remaining Operation<br />
Years 0 1 2 3 4 5<br />
Discharge of FA <strong>an</strong>d<br />
clearing of the pool<br />
Preparations<br />
Reactor Floor<br />
Parallel subprojects → coordinated<br />
by <strong>an</strong> overall project m<strong>an</strong>agement<br />
System Decontamination<br />
Prepara-<br />
Dism<strong>an</strong>tling<br />
Studies,<br />
Engineering,<br />
Sampling,<br />
tion<br />
RPV-Internals<br />
Preparation<br />
Dism<strong>an</strong>tling<br />
RPV<br />
Characterization<br />
Prepara-<br />
Dism<strong>an</strong>tling<br />
Dism.<br />
tion<br />
CRD-room<br />
Insulation<br />
Prepara-<br />
Dism<strong>an</strong>tling<br />
Disassembly<br />
Source: D&D study <strong>for</strong> BWR,<br />
AREVA GmbH, 2012<br />
tion<br />
Condensate Chamber<br />
Dism<strong>an</strong>tling<br />
Annulus<br />
Bio Shield<br />
Containment cleared<br />
Varna - June 2013 - <strong>Optimized</strong> <strong>Phases</strong> <strong>for</strong> Reactor Dism<strong>an</strong>tling - AREVA GmbH - Steph<strong>an</strong> Krüger, Jörg Winter - Page 13<br />
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Summary<br />
D&D projects are driven by costs, to implement <strong>an</strong> optimization process<br />
from the very beginning is key<br />
<strong>Optimized</strong> strategy <strong>an</strong>d sequencing of the <strong>dism<strong>an</strong>tling</strong> (hot to cold) will<br />
provide serious economical savings<br />
Larger <strong>dism<strong>an</strong>tling</strong> packages will reduce interfaces <strong>an</strong>d ease the coordination<br />
ef<strong>for</strong>ts on site<br />
Early usage of mobile systems will ease the large-scale release <strong>for</strong><br />
<strong>dism<strong>an</strong>tling</strong><br />
Social tr<strong>an</strong>sition has to be addressed with priority <strong>an</strong>d to be pl<strong>an</strong>ned at <strong>an</strong><br />
early phase in the D&D pl<strong>an</strong>ning<br />
Concept, Pl<strong>an</strong>ning & Project M<strong>an</strong>agement will influence the success of the<br />
project much more th<strong>an</strong> the used technique<br />
The AREVA-Competence Centre <strong>for</strong> Dism<strong>an</strong>tling provides a solid base<br />
<strong>for</strong> the successful execution of your decommissioning project.<br />
Varna - June 2013 - <strong>Optimized</strong> <strong>Phases</strong> <strong>for</strong> Reactor Dism<strong>an</strong>tling - AREVA GmbH - Steph<strong>an</strong> Krüger, Jörg Winter - Page 14<br />
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