You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles
YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.
GNS Activities<br />
- Solutions for Russian Spent Fuel -<br />
Bulgarian nuclear energynational,<br />
regional and world energy safety<br />
June 09-11, 2010<br />
Varna, Bulgaria<br />
Dr. Felix Thomas<br />
GNS Gesellschaft für Nuklear-Service mbH, Essen, Germany<br />
Varna 2010<br />
Dr. Thomas / 09.-11.06.10<br />
Page 1
Presentation Overview<br />
• About GNS<br />
• GNS Cask Technologies<br />
– CASTOR ® Casks<br />
– CONSTOR ® Casks<br />
• Cask Solutions for Russian Fuel<br />
• Summary and Conclusion<br />
Varna 2010<br />
Dr. Thomas / 09.-11.06.10<br />
Page 2
GNS Gesellschaft für Nuklear-Service mbH<br />
A medium-sized company founded in 1974,<br />
based in Essen/Germany<br />
� Main Task: Competence Centre for the<br />
German utilities for the management of<br />
spent fuel and nuclear waste from<br />
German power plants<br />
� Worldwide operations as one of the<br />
leading manufacturers of casks for spent<br />
fuel (CASTOR ® , CONSTOR ® )<br />
Varna 2010<br />
Dr. Thomas / 09.-11.06.10<br />
Page 3
Structure of the GNS Group<br />
48%<br />
28 %<br />
5,5 %<br />
GNS Gesellschaft für Nuklear-Service mbH<br />
18,5 %*<br />
100 % 55 % 100 % 75 %<br />
Brennelementlager<br />
Gorleben GmbH<br />
Brennelement-<br />
Zwischenlager<br />
Ahaus GmbH<br />
WTI<br />
Wissenschaftlich-Technische<br />
Ingenieurberatung GmbH<br />
* Südwestdeutsche Nuklear-<br />
Entsorgungs-Gesellschaft mbH,<br />
Stuttgart (EnBW Kraftwerke AG,<br />
E.ON Kernkraft GmbH)<br />
Deutsche Gesellschaft zum Bau und<br />
Betrieb von Endlagern für Abfallstoffe<br />
mbH (DBE)<br />
Varna 2010<br />
Dr. Thomas / 09.-11.06.10<br />
Page 4
General Information<br />
Blue-collar workers: 60<br />
Administration: 65<br />
plus Subsidiaries<br />
Service: 35<br />
GNS<br />
Σ 400<br />
GNS-Group<br />
Employees: 475<br />
Turnover 2008: 242 Mio. €<br />
Engineers: 240<br />
WTI<br />
Employees: 75<br />
DBE/DBE TEC<br />
Employees: 600<br />
Varna 2010<br />
Dr. Thomas / 09.-11.06.10<br />
Page 5
Business Areas in the GNS Group<br />
Waste<br />
Management<br />
Nuclear Casks<br />
Engineering<br />
and Decommissioning<br />
Services<br />
Spent Fuel<br />
Management<br />
Engineering<br />
Services and<br />
Consulting for<br />
Nuclear Facilities<br />
(WTI)<br />
Planning, Erection<br />
and Operation of<br />
Facilities for Storage<br />
of Radioactive<br />
Wastes (DBE)<br />
Varna 2010<br />
Dr. Thomas / 09.-11.06.10<br />
Page 6
GNS Cask Technologies<br />
Advanced Cask Technologies of the Types<br />
CASTOR ® and CONSTOR ® for Spent Fuel<br />
and High-Level Radioactive Wastes<br />
� first cask with spent fuel was placed into storage in 1983<br />
� over 1100 casks are now in interim storage worldwide<br />
� approx. 1200 casks have been delivered<br />
� more than 1700 casks are contracted until now<br />
Varna 2010<br />
Dr. Thomas / 09.-11.06.10<br />
Page 7
GNS Cask Series Types<br />
CASTOR ® -Casks<br />
� Monolithic cask<br />
body made of<br />
ductile cast iron<br />
� Bolted double lid<br />
system<br />
� Pressure<br />
monitoring<br />
� Interior neutron<br />
moderator<br />
� Machined cooling<br />
fins<br />
CONSTOR ® -Casks<br />
� Sandwich cask<br />
body<br />
� Welded steel plates<br />
with head ring<br />
made of forged<br />
steel<br />
� Filling with<br />
CONSTORIT<br />
� Welded and bolted<br />
lid system<br />
� Welded-on cooling<br />
fins<br />
Varna 2010<br />
Dr. Thomas / 09.-11.06.10<br />
Page 8
The CASTOR ® Cask<br />
The CASTOR ® is a:<br />
CASK for<br />
Storage and<br />
Transport<br />
Of<br />
Radioactive Material<br />
Long-term interim storage<br />
Transport<br />
Varna 2010<br />
Dr. Thomas / 09.-11.06.10<br />
Page 9
The CASTOR ® Cask<br />
The CASTOR ® is the worldwide<br />
common trademark for GNS and<br />
stands for a High-Tech-Product.<br />
Its protection goals are:<br />
� Safe enclosure of the radioactive<br />
contents<br />
� Shielding of radiation<br />
� Dissipation of the decay heat from the<br />
radioactive materials<br />
� Guarantee of subcriticality<br />
Varna 2010<br />
Dr. Thomas / 09.-11.06.10<br />
Page 10
Design Features of CASTOR ® Casks<br />
� Dual purpose operation for transport<br />
and storage<br />
� Monolithic cask body made of ductile cast<br />
iron, casted in one piece<br />
� Casks licensed for wide range of fuel<br />
types, i. e. PWR, BWR, HTR, MTR<br />
� Dimensions<br />
� Length : 4.0 to 6.0 m<br />
� Diameter : 1.5 to 2.5 m<br />
� Wall thickness 0.25 to 0.45 m<br />
� Cylindrical holes filled with polyethylene<br />
moderator in cask side wall<br />
� Double lid with monitored leak-tightness<br />
control (pressure gauge)<br />
Cover plate<br />
Pressure monitoring<br />
Secondary lid<br />
Primary lid<br />
Fuel basket<br />
Trunnion<br />
Cask body<br />
Radial fins<br />
Moderator rods<br />
Varna 2010<br />
Dr. Thomas / 09.-11.06.10<br />
Page 11
Monitored Double Lid System<br />
Pressure Gauge<br />
Varna 2010<br />
Dr. Thomas / 09.-11.06.10<br />
Page 12
Ductile Cast Iron Body<br />
Varna 2010<br />
Dr. Thomas / 09.-11.06.10<br />
Page 13
Machining of Cask Surfaces<br />
Varna 2010<br />
Dr. Thomas / 09.-11.06.10<br />
Page 14
Ultrasonic Testing<br />
Varna 2010<br />
Dr. Thomas / 09.-11.06.10<br />
Page 15
Insertion of Basket<br />
Varna 2010<br />
Dr. Thomas / 09.-11.06.10<br />
Page 16
Assembly of Casks<br />
Assembly and Preparation for<br />
Delivery in the GNS-Cask-<br />
Manufacturing Plant in<br />
Mülheim, Germany<br />
Varna 2010<br />
Dr. Thomas / 09.-11.06.10<br />
Page 17
Main CASTOR ® Cask Types<br />
CASTOR ® V/19<br />
Dimensions: H = 5860 mm,<br />
Ø = 2<strong>440</strong> mm<br />
Cask Weight Loaded: 125.6 t max.<br />
Capacity: 19 PWR FAs<br />
Max. Initial Enrichment: 4.45 wt % U-235<br />
Max. Average Burn-up: 65 GWd/MTHM<br />
Max. Heat Load: 39 kW<br />
Total Activity: 5.5E+17 Bq<br />
CASTOR ® V/52<br />
Dimensions: H = 5450 mm,<br />
Ø = 2<strong>440</strong> mm<br />
Cask Weight Loaded: 123.4 t max.<br />
Capacity: 52 BWR FAs<br />
Max. Initial Enrichment: 4.6 wt % U-235<br />
Max. Average Burn-up: 65 GWd/MTHM<br />
Max. Heat Load: 40 kW<br />
Total Activity: 1.2E+18 Bq<br />
Varna 2010<br />
Dr. Thomas / 09.-11.06.10<br />
Page 18
The CONSTOR ® Cask<br />
Design Features are:<br />
� Dual purpose operation for<br />
transport and storage<br />
� Thick-walled cylindrical<br />
“sandwich” cask body<br />
� Inner and outer liner made of steel<br />
� Cavity between inner and outer<br />
liner filled with CONSTORIT<br />
� Lid system consists of 3 lids:<br />
� Bolted primary lid<br />
� Welded seal plate<br />
� Welded secondary lid<br />
Varna 2010<br />
Dr. Thomas / 09.-11.06.10<br />
Page 19
GNS Cask Solutions for Russian Fuel<br />
RBMK-1500 Fuel Assemblies<br />
- CASTOR ® RBMK1500<br />
- CONSTOR ® RBMK1500<br />
- CONSTOR ® RBMK1500/M2<br />
VVER-<strong>440</strong> Fuel Assemblies<br />
- CASTOR ® <strong>440</strong>/84<br />
- CASTOR ® <strong>440</strong>/84M<br />
- CONSTOR ® <strong>440</strong>/84<br />
VVER-1000 Fuel Assemblies<br />
- CASTOR ® 1000/19<br />
- CONSTOR ® 1000/19<br />
Varna 2010<br />
Dr. Thomas / 09.-11.06.10<br />
Page 20
Current International Projects<br />
� Ignalina (Lt)<br />
20 CASTOR ® RBMK1500<br />
98 CONSTOR ® RBMK1500<br />
190 CONSTOR ® RBMK1500/M2<br />
� Kozloduy (Bg)<br />
34 (+35) CONSTOR ® <strong>440</strong>/84<br />
� Dukovany (Cz)<br />
60 CASTOR ® <strong>440</strong>/84<br />
33 CASTOR ® <strong>440</strong>/84M<br />
� Temelin (Cz)<br />
35 CASTOR ® 1000/19<br />
Ignalina<br />
Temelin<br />
Kozloduy<br />
Dukovany<br />
Varna 2010<br />
Dr. Thomas / 09.-11.06.10<br />
Page 21
Examples of GNS Solutions for VVER Fuel<br />
• CONSTOR ® <strong>440</strong>/84<br />
for Kozloduy NPP, Bg<br />
• CASTOR ® <strong>440</strong>/84<br />
for Dukovany NPP, Cz<br />
and Greifswald NPP, G<br />
• CASTOR ® <strong>440</strong>/84M<br />
for Dukovany NPP, Cz<br />
• CASTOR ® 1000/19<br />
for Temelin NPP, Cz<br />
Varna 2010<br />
Dr. Thomas / 09.-11.06.10<br />
Page 22
Design Features of the CONSTOR ® <strong>440</strong>/84 Cask<br />
� Designed as transportable storage cask for<br />
84 spent fuel assemblies of the type<br />
VVER-<strong>440</strong> for Kozloduy NPP, Bg<br />
� Dimensions:<br />
� Overall height: 4138 mm<br />
� Outer diameter: 2700 mm<br />
� Cavity height: 3242 mm<br />
� Cavity diameter: 1740 mm<br />
� Cask weight loaded: ~ 112 Mg<br />
� Max. initial enrichment: 3.87 wt % U-235<br />
� Max. burnup: 50 GWd/t HM<br />
� Max. heat load: 20.33 kW<br />
Varna 2010<br />
Dr. Thomas / 09.-11.06.10<br />
Page 23
CONSTOR ® <strong>440</strong>/84 for VVER-<strong>440</strong> Spent Fuel<br />
Fuel Basket<br />
Head Ring<br />
Inner Liner with<br />
Head Ring<br />
Varna 2010<br />
Dr. Thomas / 09.-11.06.10<br />
Page 24
CASTOR ® <strong>440</strong>/84M for VVER-<strong>440</strong> spent fuel<br />
A CASTOR ® <strong>440</strong>/84M cask in<br />
the storage facility at the<br />
Dukovany Nuclear Power<br />
Plant in the Czech Republic<br />
Varna 2010<br />
Dr. Thomas / 09.-11.06.10<br />
Page 25
Design Features of the CASTOR ® <strong>440</strong>/84M<br />
The cask is designed for transport<br />
and long-term interim storage of:<br />
• up to 84 VVER-<strong>440</strong> fuel assemblies<br />
• max. 3.87 wt % U-235 initial enrichment<br />
• max. 50 GWd/MTU burn-up<br />
• max. 24.66 kW heat load per cask<br />
• Total mass in storage configuration:<br />
approx. 120 Mg<br />
Varna 2010<br />
Dr. Thomas / 09.-11.06.10<br />
Page 26
CASTOR ® 1000/19 for VVER-1000 Fuel<br />
Design features of the CASTOR ® 1000/19 for Temelin NPP, Cz<br />
� Designed for transport and long-term storage of:<br />
• 19 VVER-1000 fuel assemblies<br />
• max. 5 w/o U-235 initial rod enrichment<br />
• 60 GWd/MTU burn-up<br />
• 17.5 kW decay heat load per cask<br />
• Total mass (storage configuration):<br />
approx. 115 Mg<br />
• Transport configuration with impact<br />
limiters<br />
Varna 2010<br />
Dr. Thomas / 09.-11.06.10<br />
Page 27
Design Features of the CASTOR ® 1000/19<br />
CASTOR ® 1000/19: Cask body and lid system<br />
• Wall of the cask body including moderator rods<br />
• To improve the neutron shielding: 2 moderator plates<br />
(top and bottom)<br />
• Radial cooling fins to improve the heat transfer from the<br />
cask to the environment<br />
• Primary lid with its bolted connection (stud bolts with cap<br />
nuts) and its sealing system<br />
• Secondary lid with its bolted connection (cap screws)<br />
and its sealing system<br />
• Requirement: four top handling trunnions in order to<br />
assure redundancy during cask handling operations<br />
• Two additional trunnions on the bottom end of the cask<br />
for tilting the cask from vertical to horizontal position or<br />
reverse for transport<br />
Varna 2010<br />
Dr. Thomas / 09.-11.06.10<br />
Page 28
Design Features of the CASTOR ® 1000/19<br />
CASTOR ® 1000/19: Design of the basket<br />
Accommodation of the fuel assemblies inside the cask<br />
cavity:<br />
� 19 hexagonal fuel assembly receptacles made of<br />
borated stainless steel<br />
� Cylindrical stainless steel plates and cylindrical<br />
anodised aluminium plates<br />
� Plates are axially arranged in alternating order and<br />
fixed by threaded rods with stainless steel spacer<br />
tubes<br />
���� Optimised design to fulfil all requirements of maximum<br />
shielding, mechanical robustness, efficient dewatering<br />
as well as drying<br />
Varna 2010<br />
Dr. Thomas / 09.-11.06.10<br />
Page 29
Summary<br />
GNS has delivered a wide variety of casks in the CASTOR ® and<br />
CONSTOR ® series for spent fuel and high-level waste.<br />
� More than 1000 casks are loaded and<br />
in interim storage worldwide:<br />
� Germany: 868<br />
� Lithuania (Ignalina NPP): 118<br />
� Czech Republic (Dukovany NPP) 72<br />
� USA: 35<br />
� Belgium: 7<br />
� Switzerland: 6<br />
� South Africa: 4<br />
as of Dec 2009<br />
Varna 2010<br />
Dr. Thomas / 09.-11.06.10<br />
Page 30
Conclusion<br />
• CASTOR ® and CONSTOR ® casks have been<br />
successfully developed, manufactured and delivered<br />
for transport and interim storage of spent fuel and high<br />
active waste. These casks fulfil both the requirements<br />
for:<br />
- type B(U) packages according to IAEA regulations<br />
and<br />
- the requirements covering different accident<br />
situations to be assumed at storage sites.<br />
Varna 2010<br />
Dr. Thomas / 09.-11.06.10<br />
Page 31
Change language