UNHCR REPORT - 2006 - IHDP

Ministry of Resettlement 

REPORT ON 

2006 WELFARE CENTRE 

REVALIDATION 

IN 

PUTTALAM DISTRICT 

DRAFT – NOT FOR CIRCULATION 

WORLD BANK

FINAL REPORT ON THE 2006 REVALIDATION 

OF THE 2004 PUTTALAM WELFARE CENTRE SURVEY 

Executive Summary 

Background 

The 2006 Revalidation of the 2004 Puttalam Welfare Centre (WC) Survey is part of a broader 

initiative by UNHCR in collaboration with the Ministry of Resettlement and the Ministry of 

Nation Building and Development 1 aimed at finding durable solutions for persons who have been 

displaced due to the internal armed conflict. This broader initiative will take place in 2 phases as 

follows: (i) a revalidation of the information obtained in the 2004 survey of conflict IDPs living 

in Puttalam WCs, followed by (ii) a survey of conflict IDPs living in all other WCs nationally. 

Previous surveys of conflict IDPs living in WCs have not been updated and do not provide 

comprehensive information regarding preferred and achievable durable solutions. Accordingly, 

in order to facilitate finding solutions for the remaining displaced people still residing in WCs, the 

Ministry of Resettlement and the Ministry of Nation Building and Development, supported by 

UNHCR, saw the need for up-to-date information on the remaining IDPs. 

Puttalam District was selected as the pilot, as it continues to house comparatively the highest 

number of IDPs in WCs. Moreover, the World Bank requested a revalidation of the 2004 

Puttalam WC Survey in order to assist them in identifying potential beneficiaries for their 

proposal to provide permanent housing to IDP families choosing to locally integrate in the 

Puttalam District. UNHCR saw this as an excellent opportunity to provide durable solutions to 

IDPs and hopes that it will set a positive example to other donors and push the agenda forward in 

the search for durable solutions for IDPs. 

The 2006 survey form was developed after extensive consultation with a number of key agencies 

and institutions involved in IDP issues, including the Ministries of Resettlement and Nation 

Building and Development, the World Bank, UNHCR, and members of the Inter-Agency IDP 

Working Group. 

Objectives of the Survey 

The 2006 Revalidation of the 2004 Puttalam WC Survey had the following objectives: 

� To obtain an up-to-date and accurate picture of the IDP population still residing in WCs 

to support improved planning for durable solutions; 

� To obtain information about the obstacles facing IDPs in achieving their preferred 

durable solution; and 

� To obtain information regarding the housing, land and property rights of IDPs. 

Survey Findings 

The revalidation exercise surveyed 15,480 families (63,145 individuals) living in 141 locations in 

Puttalam District. This number is slightly higher than that surveyed in 2004 where 14,493 

families (61,763 individuals) living in 123 locations were surveyed. The survey population has 

been displaced for an average of 16 years, reflecting the fact that the majority of Puttalam IDPs 

were displaced due to the expulsion of Muslims from the North-East by the LTTE in October 

1990. Depending upon their places of origin, these IDPs were given 2 hours, 48 hours or a week 

to leave their homes, communities and livelihoods. 

1 Formerly the Ministry of Relief, Rehabilitation and Reconciliation.

While there was initially some concern about the validity of the data given the potential effects of 

the proposed World Bank Puttalam housing project, the respondents cooperated with the survey 

and an analysis of the results (comparing them to the 2004 results) indicate that the survey results 

generally appear to be unaffected. One area where significant change between the 2004 and 2006 

results was evident is in respondents’ preferred durable solution – in 2004, 2% wished to return 

home immediately, 59% wished to return home in the future and 38% wished to locally integrate, 

whereas in 2006, an overwhelming 96% expressed a preference to locally integrate and 4% 

wished to return home. This result may be explained by a number of factors, including: (i) due to 

their protracted situation of displacement and the continuing negative security situation in their 

places of return, IDPs living in Puttalam WCs are increasingly interested in local integration and 

(ii) the World Bank’s proposed Puttalam housing project has encouraged IDPs to state a 

preference for local integration. 

One of the most striking conclusions that can be drawn from the survey results is the fact that the 

majority of Puttalam IDPs have already de facto locally integrated in Puttalam due to the 

fact that 74% of the IDPs surveyed claim to have acquired land in Puttalam; 58% reported 

that they also possess a house in Puttalam. Of those families who possess land, the majority 

reported that they purchased their land, an indication of their intention to integrate in Puttalam by 

establishing themselves and purchasing property. Of those who possess land, 75% had documents 

to prove their ownership. The survey results therefore indicate that the number of displaced 

persons who own land and/or a house in Puttalam is relatively high. Of those wishing to integrate 

locally, 75% possess land in Puttalam. Amongst those IDPs wishing to integrate locally in 

Puttalam, the main obstacles reported were no access to water, no productive assets (tools), no 

government support to assist local integration, no access roads and lack of health and education 

facilities. Local integration of the Puttalam WC population will therefore need to be officially 

supported through Government assistance to facilitate acquisition of land documentation as well 

as development assistance designed to improve physical infrastructure and access to public 

services. Without this assistance, sustainable integration will be difficult to achieve. 

In contrast to the overwhelming percentage of IDPs who possess land in Puttalam (their place of 

displacement), only 42% of the IDPs surveyed currently possess land in their district of origin. 

The fact of landlessness in their district of origin is a significant problem for the potential 

return of the majority of these IDPs (i.e. 58%) who do not possess land in their place of origin. 

Of those wishing to return to their place of origin, only 68% possess land. Even fewer possess 

land documentation to prove their land ownership, further complicating their potential return. The 

surveyed IDPs indicated that the main obstacles to their return are security concerns, lack of 

access roads, lack of government support for their return, lack of productive assets (tools), lack of 

health and education facilities and no access to water. 

In addition to the fact that many of the IDPs living in Puttalam WCs have de facto locally 

integrated, the 2006 survey clearly illustrates one problem common to many IDPs, namely the 

lack of land documentation. A commitment by the Government to issue replacement 

documentation or to regularize land title would go a long way in assisting IDPs to achieve their 

durable solutions, be it return home or local integration. The survey results highlight the need for 

mechanisms to deal with land and property registration, regularization of title, property restitution 

and dispute settlement.

1. Narrative Report 

2. Statistical Report 

- Table of Contents - 

a. Statistical Summary 

b. List of Welfare Centres 

c. Demographic Profile 

d. Durable Solution 

e. Information on Place of Displacement 

f. Information on Place of Origin 

g. Maps 

3. Annex I – Comparison of 2004 and 2006 Survey Results

1. Background 

FINAL REPORT ON THE 2006 REVALIDATION 

OF THE PUTTALAM WELFARE CENTRE SURVEY 

DRAFT – Not for Circulation 

The 2006 Revalidation of the 2004 Puttalam Welfare Centre (WC) Survey is part of a broader 

initiative by UNHCR in collaboration with the Ministry of Resettlement and the Ministry of 

Nation Building and Development (formerly the Ministry of Relief, Rehabilitation and 

Reconciliation) aimed at finding durable solutions for persons who have been displaced due to the 

internal armed conflict. This broader initiative will take place in 2 phases as follows: (i) a 

revalidation of the information obtained in the 2004 survey of conflict IDPs living in Puttalam 

WCs, followed by (ii) a survey of conflict IDPs living in all other WCs nationally. 

The Ceasefire Agreement of 2002 brought an end to the hostilities and revitalized the hopes for a 

safe and dignified return for the displaced. As a result of these events, the Government of Sri 

Lanka, in collaboration with UNHCR, conducted an IDP census in 2002 to assist the Government 

and other actors in planning for the provision of legal, physical and material protection for 

internally displaced persons (IDPs). The census, which was conducted at the household level, 

gathered data on the number of IDPs, their places of origin, their present location, whether they 

wanted to return to their places of origin, remain and integrate in the area of displacement, or 

whether they preferred to relocate to another area. The census also explored the principal 

obstacles to return and identified the most vulnerable amongst the IDPs. 

While the 2002 survey included an analysis of the preferred solutions to displacement at that 

time, in 2004, the Ministry of Relief, Rehabilitation and Reconciliation (MRRR), supported by 

UNHCR and the World Bank, saw the need for up-to-date information on the remaining IDPs 

living in WCs. The Puttalam District was chosen to be the pilot district for the 2004 national 

survey due to the fact that the largest number of IDPs living in WCs are located in Puttalam. The 

survey was a joint exercise by the MRRR and the Government Agent in Puttalam, with the 

support of the Department of Census and Statistics, Branch Office in Puttalam. The World Bank 

provided financial assistance through its North East Housing Reconstruction Programme 

(NEHRP), while UNHCR and FORUT provided technical and administrative support to the 

survey. As a result of lack of political support and the tsunami of December 2004, information 

was obtained on Puttalam District WCs, but the proposed national survey was never completed. 

Since 2002, more than 407,000 IDPs have returned to their places of origin, and many have 

relocated to other areas. At present, it is estimated that approximately 68,000 persons (18,000 

families) are living in WCs around Sri Lanka. The 2002 national census and the 2004 survey in 

Puttalam have not been updated and do not provide comprehensive information regarding 

preferred and achievable durable solutions. Accordingly, in order to facilitate finding solutions 

for the remaining displaced people still residing in WCs, the Ministry of Resettlement and the 

Ministry of Nation Building and Development, supported by UNHCR and the World Bank, saw 

the need for up-to-date information on the remaining IDPs. 

UNHCR again elected to use Puttalam District as the pilot, as it continues to house comparatively 

the highest number of IDPs in WCs (32,501 individuals living in 81 WCs) 1 . Moreover, the World 

1 Please note that these figures are based on the February 2006 Statistical Summary prepared by the 

Ministry of Nation Building and Development and UNHCR. The statistics of the Ministry of Resettlement 

indicate that there are 135 WCs, resettlement villages and relocation villages located in Puttalam District. 

Final Report on the 2006 Revalidation of the 2004 Puttalam WC Survey 

April 2006 

1


Bank requested a revalidation of the 2004 Puttalam WC Survey (with additional information) in 

order to identify potential beneficiaries for its proposal to provide permanent housing to IDP 

families choosing to locally integrate in the Puttalam District. As an extension of its North East 

Housing Reconstruction Project (NEHRP), the World Bank plans to provide housing initially to 

5,000 IDP families, with the possibility of extending funding to provide housing to additional 

families. 2 UNHCR saw this as an excellent opportunity to provide durable solutions to IDPs and 

hopes that it will set a positive example to other donors and push the agenda forward in the search 

for durable solutions for IDPs. 

2. Objectives of the Survey 

The 2006 Revalidation of the 2004 Puttalam WC Survey had the following objectives: 

� To quickly obtain a more up-to-date and accurate picture of the IDP population still 

residing in WCs in terms of numbers, demographic profile and IDP-preferred durable 

solutions to displacement; 

� To obtain information about the obstacles for IDPs to obtain their preferred durable 

solution and their alternative preferred durable solutions if their preferred durable 

solution is not achievable in the short-to-medium term; and 

� To obtain information regarding the housing, land and property rights of IDPs, including 

the condition of their housing in their place of displacement and their access to water and 

sanitation facilities. 

3. Administration of the Survey 

a) Methodology 

The 2006 survey form was developed after extensive consultation with a number of key agencies 

and institutions involved in IDP issues, including the Ministries of Resettlement and Nation 

Building and Development, the World Bank, UNHCR, and members of the Inter-Agency IDP 

Working Group (comprised of UN agencies and international and national NGOs). The 

Department of Census & Statistics provided technical and substantive assistance in the design of 

the questions and the survey format. 

As a result of other pressing priorities, including work on the local government elections, the 

Department of Census & Statistics was unable to undertake the enumeration and supervision of 

survey as it had done in 2004. As such, the Ministry of Resettlement entered into an agreement 

with the Social Indicator Unit of the Centre of Policy Alternatives (CPA) to undertake the 

enumeration and the data entry for the revalidation exercise. The Ministry of Resettlement also 

entered into an agreement with a public relations company, Phoenix Ogilvy, in order to design 

and implement a public relations campaign for the revalidation exercise. The GA Puttalam 

provided support and monitored the revalidation exercise. UNHCR provided technical support, 

monitoring and quality control for the revalidation exercise and conducted the analysis of the data 

and prepared the interim report. UNHCR will prepare the final Survey Report upon completion of 

the revalidation exercise. 

2 Depending on the amount allocated, the World Bank has stated that it may be able to provide cash grants 

for permanent housing construction for up to 8,800 families. 



2


An information campaign was undertaken in order to advise local and IDP populations of the 

revalidation exercise. Leaflets in Tamil and Sinhala and posters in Tamil were distributed prior to 

the campaign. Two public meetings organized by the Minister of Resettlement, the Honourable 

Mr. Bathiyutheen, were held to explain the purpose, timing and methodology of the revalidation 

exercise to WC leaders, camp officers and IDPs themselves. UNHCR and the GA Puttalam also 

participated in these information sessions. 

Social Indicator was responsible for the overall enumeration and for the selection of 100 

enumerators and 10 supervisors. Supervisors were identified among experienced members of 

Social Indicator’s survey team staff. Enumerators were identified among Tamil-speaking 

residents of Puttalam, and consisted of both local residents of Puttalam as well as persons who 

were IDPs themselves (75% of the enumerators). Approximately 45% of the enumerators were 

women. 

Joint training was arranged by Social Indicator and UNHCR. The supervisors participated in a 

full day training session prior to commencing the survey. A two-day training workshop was 

arranged for the enumerators, including simulation interviews and an in-depth review of the 

survey form and instructions. Enumerators were divided into ten teams under the supervision of 

the ten supervisors. 

After a one-day test run conducted in two WCs, Saltern 2 and Zahira, on 26 February, the 

enumerators were again provided with a one-day training review which included “lessons 

learned”. Prior to the commencement of the revalidation exercise, the enumerators were again 

divided into two groups of five teams for a supplemental half-day of training. As a result of 

concerns expressed by certain WC leaders and the GA Puttalam, the survey was delayed slightly, 

but commenced on 9 March. 

The enumerators met with each family privately to discuss their situation and learn about their 

preferred durable solution. Although there was no legal requirement to participate in the survey, 

IDPs in almost all WCs selected for participation in the initial phase of the revalidation exercise 

participated voluntarily. Only two WCs in Kalpitiya Division, 90 Acre and 25 Acre, refused to 

participate in the survey. The residents of 90 Acre eventually agreed to participate however. Ten 

supervisors oversaw the work of the enumerators and checked the accuracy of each form. The 

Ministry of Resettlement, UNHCR and the GA Puttalam also monitored survey activities in the 

field. 

After completing the initial round of interviews, the supervisors returned to certain WCs to 

conduct a “clean-up” operation and survey those families who had not been present and/or 

surveyed during the initial round of interviews. Enumeration was completed on 31 March 2006. 

A total of 15,480 forms were completed, representing 15,480 families of 63,145 individuals from 

141 locations. 



3

) Quality of Data 


During UNHCR and CPA’s first technical review of forms after the pilot exercise, every form 

was reviewed by the supervisors. A number of errors were common across enumerators’ forms, 

including: 

� Failure to provide a distinct answer for “alternative durable solution” Q31 (or failure to 

explain why respondent declined to provide distinct answer from “preferred durable 

solution” Q26). 

� Misunderstanding of how to record priority for Q30 and Q35. 

During the second review by UNHCR, additional errors were noted. These included: 

� Failure to provide a distinct answer for “alternative durable solution” Q31 (or failure to 

explain why respondent declined to provide distinct answer from “preferred durable 

solution” Q26). 

� For those who answered that they possessed land (i.e. Q7 on pg 6 or Q6 on pg 7), failure 

to answer a number of compulsory questions such as: 

� Joint ownership of land Q7.5 or Q 6.5 

� How land acquired Q7.6 

� Status of land in place of origin Q6.7 

� For those who answered that they did not have valid documents for their land, failure to 

provide the reason for which they did not have documents. 

c) Quality of Data Entry 

Following data entry of each form, data validation was performed by the EDP Executive. As 

such, each form was validated after data entry. 

4. Timeline of the Survey Exercise 

The revalidation exercise followed the following timeline: 

� Tripartite Agreement between Ministry of 

Resettlement, World Bank and UNHCR 

� Ministry of Resettlement Approval of Forms 

(English, Sinhala, Tamil) 

� Ministry of Resettlement Approval of Leaflets and 

Posters (Tamil and Sinhala) 

Draft circulated 

8 February 2006 


� Agreement signed with Social Indicator 13 February 2006 

(effective as of 1 February) 

� Agreement signed with Phoenix Ogilvy 24 February 2006 

(effective as of 1 February) 

� Public Meetings in Puttalam with mosque committee 

members, WC leaders and camp officers organized 

13 February 2006 & 




4

y the Minister of Resettlement with the 

participation of the GA Puttalam and UNHCR 

� Beginning of Public Information Campaign 

� Training of Supervisors 

� Training of Enumerators 

� Test Survey in 2 WCs (Saltern 2 and Zahira) 

� Survey 

� Data Entry 

� Data Analysis 

� Interim Report by UNHCR 

� Final Report by UNHCR May 2 

5. Survey Findings 




24-25 February 2006 


7 & 8 March 2006 


March 9 – March 31 

March 12 – April 7 

March 13-April 23 

March 15 (oral) 

March 20 (written) 

The administration of the 2006 Revalidation of the 2004 Puttalam WC Survey in Puttalam was 

satisfactory. The findings of this survey should, however, be seen as indicative rather than as 

providing exact figures, since several of the questions contain individual IDPs’ own 

understanding of the questions and self-reflective impressions. 

While there was initially some concern about the validity of the data given (i) concerns expressed 

by the IDPs themselves about the use of the survey information, particularly the preferred durable 

solution questions and the use of the term “IDP” as opposed to “evictee” 3 and (ii) reports from 

enumerators that mosque committee members had instructed WC residents to answer certain 

questions in a particular manner, the survey respondents were cooperative with all parts of the 

survey and an initial analysis of the results (comparing them to the 2004 results) indicate that the 

survey results generally appear to be unaffected by such influence. 4 

The one area where significant changes are evident is in respondents’ preferred durable solution – 

in 2004, 2% wished to return home immediately, 59% wished to return home in the future and 

38% wished to locally integrate. In 2006, an overwhelming 96% expressed a preference to 

3 At a meeting between welfare centre leaders, camp officers, the Minister of Resettlement, Ministry staff, 

the GA Puttalam and UNHCR, a number of welfare centre leaders requested that the revalidation 

questionnaire reflect the fact that they had been forcibly evicted from their homes by the LTTE in October 

1990. It was explained to those attending the meeting that the reasons for their displacement would be 

mentioned in the survey report. 

4 For a chart-based comparison of the 2004 and 2006 survey results, please see Annex 1. 



5


locally integrate whereas 4% wished to return home. This result may be explained by a 

number of factors, including: (i) due to their protracted situation of displacement (i.e. 16 years) 

and the ongoing negative security situation in their places of origin, IDPs living in Puttalam WCs 

are increasingly interested in the local integration option given the fact that return to their places 

of origin may appear unfeasible in the short to medium term and (ii) the World Bank’s proposed 

Puttalam housing project offers IDPs living in Puttalam WCs the option of receiving funds to 

construct permanent homes and has encouraged IDPs to state a preference for local integration (in 

this context, it is important to note that there have been comparatively few development or 

relocation projects targeting Puttalam IDPs). 

Another significant finding from the survey results is the fact that the majority of Puttalam 

IDPs have already de facto locally integrated in Puttalam due to the fact that 74% of the 

IDPs surveyed claim to have acquired land in Puttalam. As discussed in further detail below, 

of those families who possess land, the majority reported that they purchased their land, an 

indication of their intention to integrate in Puttalam by establishing themselves and purchasing 

property. In contrast to the overwhelming percentage of IDPs who possess land in Puttalam (their 

place of displacement), only 42% of the IDPs surveyed currently possess land in their district of 

origin. The fact of landlessness in their district of origin will therefore likely be a significant 

obstacle to the return of the majority of these IDPs. 

a) General Data on Sample Population 

This report provides information on 15,480 families (63,145 individuals) living in 141 locations 

in Puttalam District. This number is slightly higher than that surveyed in 2004 where 14,493 

families (61,763 individuals) living in 123 locations were surveyed. 

As in 2004, the gender distribution of the surveyed population is roughly equal (49.7% women 

and 50.3% men). The majority of the population (approximately 54% of the population) are 

adults between the ages of 18 and 59. However, as in 2004, it is important to note the high 

percentage of children under the age of 18 (41%). The average family consists of 4.1 persons. 

The survey population has been displaced for an average of 16 years, reflecting the fact that the 

residents of the WCs in Puttalam District were displaced largely due to the expulsion of Muslims 

from the North-East by the LTTE in October 1990. Depending upon their places of origin, these 

IDPs were given between 2 and 48 hours to leave their homes, communities and livelihoods. 

Many of the approximately 75,000 Muslims forcibly displaced from 5 districts in the North-East 

lost not only dowry property and other possessions, but personal identity documentation and land 

deeds as well. 

The majority of the IDP population originate from Mannar (72%). Some 14% come from Jaffna, 

10% from Mullaitivu and 3% from Kilinochchi. There were also families from Vavuniya, Batti, 

Ampara, Trinco, Polonnaruwa and Puttalam. 

As in 2004, almost all (99%) of those IDPs surveyed indicated that they were Muslims by 

ethnicity. A number of Sinhalese and Tamil families are also displaced in Puttalam District, but 

this percentage is just above 1% in total. 

Approximately 61% or 21,218 of the adults (i.e. those over 18 years of age) surveyed reported 

that they are currently not employed. This is similar to the results of the 2004 survey, where some 

64% of the surveyed population indicated that they were not employed. Approximately 13,500 



6


(39%) indicated that they were engaged in paid employment, were self-employed or were owneremployers. 

Of those who were engaged in some form of employment, the majority were engaged 

either in manufacturing, fishing or agriculture. A very small proportion (less than 1%) reported 

that they had obtained a university degree or higher. Approximately 18% of those surveyed 

indicated that they had no schooling, 23% reported having completed grades 1-5, 37% grades 6- 

10, 14% O/L and 8% had completed their A/L. 

Of the surveyed population older than 18 years who were registered to vote (31,379 of the 63,145 

respondents), only 1,814 persons stated that they were registered to vote in their place of 

displacement (i.e. Puttalam) whereas the overwhelming majority, 29,565 persons, reported that 

they were registered to vote in their place of origin. As noted by the GA Puttalam, the fact that 

the overwhelming majority are still registered in their places of origin has significant detrimental 

effects on the budgetary allocation for public services and infrastructure. As a result, many of the 

communities where the IDPs live are underserviced in terms of health and educational facilities 

and suffer from poor physical infrastructure. 

Moreover, of those eligible to vote, the largest number of unregistered votes was in the 18-33 

category, those who would not have been eligible to vote in their places of origin prior to 

displacement. This is a worrisome indication of future disenfranchisement as well, since the 

complicated procedures for the registration of voters in Sri Lanka may result in those Puttalam 

IDPs below the age of 18 also not being registered as voters. 

b) Vulnerable Groups 

Some 10,431 persons reported that they fell into one of the pre-defined vulnerability groups. It 

should be noted however, that this figure may not be exact as there might be some individuals 

who fall into more than one vulnerability group (e.g. a single-headed householder who is also a 

physically-challenged parent). The recorded vulnerability factors included households headed by 

one parent who were at risk (1,830); physically challenged (1,272) or mentally challenged (580) 

persons; unaccompanied minors (0); elderly without support (252) or chronically ill (601). 

c) Information on Place of Displacement 

The survey population is currently residing in the following four divisions in Puttalam District: 

Kalpitiya, Puttalam, Mundel and Vanathavilluwa. In 2006, the survey indicated the following 

distribution of IDPs in WCs: 

� Kalpitiya DS Division 34, 809 persons (55% of survey population) 

� Puttalam DS Division 20,992 persons (33%) 

� Mundel DS Division 5,336 persons (8%) 

� Vanathavilluwa DS Division 2,008 persons (3%) 

The average number of years in their current place of displacement in Puttalam District is 10 

years, whereas the average number of years since their first displacement is 16 years. 

As noted above, one of the most striking conclusions that can be drawn from the survey is the fact 

that a majority of Puttalam IDPs have already de facto locally integrated in Puttalam due to the 

fact that approximately 74% of the IDPs claimed that they possessed land and 58% said they 

possessed a house in their place of displacement. These findings are similar to those in the 2004 

survey when 70% of the IDPs living in WCs in Puttalam District claimed that they possessed land 



7


and 68% claimed that they possessed a house in Puttalam District. 5 Of those families who 

claimed to possess land in Puttalam, 8,304 families (72%) reported that they had purchased their 

land, 388 families (3%) reported that they had received their land through donation and 28 (0.3%) 

reported that they had inherited their land. These findings suggest that the number of displaced 

persons who own land and/or a house in Puttalam is relatively high. Moreover, the fact that so 

may of the Puttalam IDPs have purchased their land indicates a desire to settle themselves more 

permanently in Puttalam District. 

Lack of documentation continues to be a problem for land and house possession in the place of 

displacement. Of those who possess land in Puttalam, 75% (8,587) claimed that they had 

documents while 33% of those who possessed a house claimed to have documents (25% of the 

landowners did not have documentation and 66% of homeowners lacked documentation). In 

2004, 15% of landowners and 30% of homeowners in Puttalam stated they lacked documentation. 

As indicated below, the lack of documentation on property is also a problem regarding property 

owned or claimed ownership at the place of origin. 

In contrast to the 2004 survey, in the 2006 revalidation, IDPs were required to show their land 

documents in order to prove that they possessed documentation. Enumerators were instructed to 

check the land and housing documents of each family in order to verify the accuracy of their 

statements regarding documentation and only to record those who could provide documentary 

evidence as possessing documentation. Interestingly, of those landowners with documentation, an 

overwhelming 97% had outright deeds, whereas only a small proportion had permits (1.5%), 

grants (1%) or leases (0.5%). 

Of those persons surveyed who stated that they possessed a house in their place of displacement, 

approximately 63% were determined to be temporary structures, 25% to be semi-permanent while 

only 12% were determined to be permanent houses. 

Amongst those families who possess land in their place of displacement and have valid 

documents, 3,906 families reported having a private latrine, 1,314 shared a latrine with one or 

more families, 290 used common or public latrine facilities and 856 families reported that latrine 

facilities were not available. Among those families who possessed land in Puttalam but who did 

not have valid documents, 940 families reported having a private latrine, 567 shared a latrine with 

one or more families, 180 used common or public latrine facilities and 290 families reported that 

latrine facilities were not available. 

d) Information on Place of Origin 

Of the IDPs surveyed in 2006, only 42% (6,190 families) indicated that they currently possess 

land in their district of origin while 18% (2,839 families) indicated that they possess a house in 

their place of origin. In the 2004 survey, 61% of the total survey population indicated that they 

possessed land in their district of origin, and 53% indicated that they had a house in their district 

5 The decrease in the number of those who claimed to possess a house (i.e. 10% decrease) may be the result 

of the alleged instructions from some mosque committee leaders who advised WC residents to answer that 

they possessed land but did not possess a house in the place of displacement in order to increase their 

chances of obtaining housing assistance from the World Bank housing project. 



8


of origin. These statistics may indicate that between 2004 and 2006, people have sold land in their 

districts of origin 6 or they may have donated it to their daughters for dowry purposes. 

Interestingly, 2,248 families (15%) reported owning land both in Puttalam and in their place of 

origin. 

As with the information on the place of displacement, lack of documentation is a problem with 

approximately 60% of the landowners indicating that they lack land documents and 16% of 

homeowners indicating that they lack house documentation (40% (2,484 families) have land 

documents and 30% (843 families) have house documents). Of those with documents, 2,300 

families (94%) claimed to have outright deeds, 94 families (4%) claimed to have permits, 46 

families (2%) had grants and 8 families (less than 0.5%) had leases. In 2004, close to 20% of the 

land owners and 30% of the house owners with property in their place of origin indicated that 

they lacked proper documentation. The 2006 survey results indicate that the majority of people 

are without land documentation for property in their place of origin because it was either lost or 

destroyed (65%); a smaller proportion never obtained land documentation (24%). Both the 2004 

and 2006 survey results highlight the need for mechanisms to deal with land and property 

registration, regularization of title, property restitution and dispute settlement. 

In terms of availability of land, 2,162 families (14%) reported that their land was available; 

whereas 294 families (2%) said that the land was in a high security zone, 452 families (3%) said 

the land was occupied by others, 71 families (0.5%) said that their land was covered with 

landmines and 11 families (0.07%) said that it was now located within the coastal buffer zone. 

e) Durable solutions: Preferences and Obstacles 

Preferred Durable Solutions 

The preferred durable solution for the IDPs surveyed was overwhelmingly local integration (96%, 

14,928 families). Only a small proportion expressed a preference to return home in the short to 

medium term (4%, 552 families). None of those surveyed indicated that they were interested in 

relocation. Of those whose preferred durable solution was to return home, 62% (344 families) 

reported that their alternative durable solution was to locally integrate in Puttalam. 

In 2004, the preferred durable solution questions were formulated differently. Unlike the 2006 

survey, which asked respondents to give their preferred durable solution, and an alternative 

durable solution if their preferred durable solution was not achievable in the next 3-5 years, 

the 2004 survey asked respondents whether their preferred durable solution was to: (i) return 

home immediately, (ii) return home in the future, (iii) relocate to their district of origin, or 

(iv) to locally integrate within their district of displacement. In 2004, 2% (325 families) said 

that they were prepared to return home immediately, 60% (8,574 families) of the survey 

population could foresee a return home at a later stage, while 38% (5,564 families) reported 

that they wished to locally integrate in Puttalam District. 

6 In some instances, Muslim families may have sold their land under duress or because of restrictions on 

their ability to engage in business and other activities in their districts of origin. Still others may have been 

induced to sell their land due to the high sale prices for land in certain areas such as Jaffna District and 

because Muslims continue to feel insecure in these areas either as a result of pressure from armed groups or 

because of ethnic tensions and the absence of a strong Muslim community in the area. 



9


The dramatic change in preferred durable solutions may be the result of the publicity 

surrounding the proposed World Bank housing project and misunderstandings regarding the 

purpose of the 2006 revalidation exercise in relation to the receipt of assistance under the 

proposed housing project. 

Of those wishing to integrate locally, 75% (11,118 families) possess land in Puttalam. Of 

these, 74% (8,281 families) have documentation to prove their land ownership. As noted 

above, the overwhelming number of IDPs who own land in Puttalam indicates that a majority 

of the Puttalam IDPs have de facto locally integrated. Given the relatively high number of 

families who possess land and have valid land documents, the 2004 report suggested that it 

might be warranted for the Government to review “who is still an IDP as many have 

registered but were already living in a relocation village and may have had a durable 

solution.” Similar conclusions may be drawn from an analysis of the 2006 survey data. 

It is important to note however, that local integration of the Puttalam WC population will 

need to be officially supported through Government assistance to facilitate land ownership, 

the acquisition of deed documentation and development assistance designed to improve 

physical infrastructure and access to public services such as medical and educational 

facilities. Without this assistance, sustainable integration will not be achieved. Moreover, 

voter registration in Puttalam District and the voting rights of the Puttalam IDPs will also 

need to be examined in order to ensure sustainable integration. IDPs should be provided with 

full information on their right to return, restitution and compensation, and while IDPs should 

be able to choose their place of residence in accordance with the fundamental rights 

guaranteed in the Sri Lankan Constitution, they should also be made aware of the 

implications of not being registered voters of Puttalam District. There should be some 

discussion of how to allocate sufficient resources to the DS of Puttalam to ensure equal 

access to public infrastructure and services. 

Interestingly, of those wishing to return to their place of origin, only 68% (371 families) 

possessed land, and only 23% (128 families) had documentation to prove their land rights. Of 

those wishing to return home, and who possessed land that was available (i.e. not in a HSZ or 

occupied by another), 78% (109 families) claimed to have documentation to prove their land 

rights. The fact of landlessness, compounded by lack of documentation, will pose significant 

obstacles to the return of these families. 

A relatively small number of families (116 or less than 1%) reported that some of their family 

members had returned to their district of origin. Of those families whose preferred solution 

was return home, 16 (3%) reported that they had family members who had already returned 

to their district of origin. 



10


Obstacles for Preferred Solutions & Type of Assistance Required 

The main obstacles to return expressed by the IDPs are security concerns, followed by lack of 

access road, lack of government support for their return, lack of productive assets (tools), lack of 

health facilities, lack of education facilities and lack of access to water. In 2004, the main 

obstacles to return were security and protection concerns, followed by a lack of or poor 

infrastructure facilities and a paucity of employment/income-generating opportunities. As 

noted above however, one of the major obstacles to return will be the fact of landlessness in 

the place of origin. As noted above, of the IDPs surveyed in 2006, only 42% (6,190 families) 

indicated that they currently possess land in their district of origin. Only 35% of those families 

surveyed who possessed land in their place of origin reported that it was “available” (5% 

reported that it was located in HSZs; 7% reported it was occupied by others; 1% reported it 

was covered by landmines). While the obstacles to return expressed by the IDPs, particularly 

security concerns, are significant, the fact of landlessness in their district of origin may pose the 

most significant obstacle to their potential/eventual return. 

As in 2004, Mannar is the area of return where more returns may be expected as (i) more 

families from Mannar (462) indicated that their preferred durable solution was return home, 

(ii) a large proportion of IDP families them possessed land (4,733 of 11,165 families – i.e. 

42% of the families from Mannar District) although a smaller proportion possessed 

documentation to prove their land rights (1,923 of 4,733 families – i.e. 41% of those owning 

land), and (iii) a significant proportion indicated that their land was available (1,687 of 4,733 

families – i.e. 36% of families with land in Mannar). 

Amongst those IDPs wishing to integrate locally in Puttalam, the main obstacles reported in 2006 

were no access to water, by lack of productive assets (tools), lack of government support to assist 

local integration, lack of access roads and lack of health and educational facilities. In 2004, 

similar obstacles to local integration were reported, with those wishing to integrate locally 

indicating their concern for the future sustainability of such an undertaking. Given the 

overwhelming expression by Puttalam IDPs of their willingness to locally integrate, it is 

incumbent upon the Government and other actors to examine how to ensure that this 

integration is sustainable, all the while recognizing the IDPs’ right to return, compensation 

and restitution, in accordance with principles of international law. The integration of Puttalam 

IDPs would be facilitated if they were to receive assistance in the form of improved access to 

public services such as water, health and education as well as construction of basic infrastructure 

such as access roads. Assistance in helping the IDPs to develop sustainable livelihoods would 

further contribute to a sustainable local integration. 

As with the results in 2004, the 2006 revalidation survey clearly illustrates one particular problem 

common to many IDPs, namely the lack of documents on land or housing they claim to own. 

Accordingly, a commitment by the Government to issue replacement documentation or to 

regularize land title would go a long way in assisting IDPs to achieve their durable solutions, be it 

return home or local integration. In this vein, the World Bank’s proposal to establish Land Task 

Forces, similar to those established under the NEHRP would be of great assistance. 

Report prepared by UNHCR Protection Unit 

Colombo, 28 April 2006 



11

WELFARE CENTRES REVALIDATION 

PUTTLAM 2006 

– STATISTICAL SUMMARY – 

Puttalam Welfare Centres Revalidation - 2006 Page 1 of 47

1. DEMOGRAPHY 

1.1 AGE & GENDER (Number of Individuals) 

Gender 0-4 5-12 12-17 

Age 

18-33 33-59 Over 60 n/a Total % 

Female 3,421 6,007 3,209 9,636 7,516 1,420 171 31,380 49.7% 

Male 3,569 6,390 3,196 9,607 7,584 1,252 167 31,765 50.3% 

Total 6,990 12,397 6,405 19,243 15,100 2,672 338 63,145 

11.1% 19.6% 10.1% 30.5% 23.9% 4.2% 0.5% 100% 

1.2 ETHNICITY (Number of Individuals) 

1.3 RELIGION (Number of Individuals) 

Sinhala Tamil Muslim Burgher Total 

312 351 62,378 104 63,145 

0.49% 0.56% 98.79% 0.16% 100% 

Buddhist Hindu Islam Christian Total 

47 166 62,378 554 63,145 

0.07% 0.26% 98.79% 0.88% 100% 

1.4 EDUCATION (Number of Individuals) 

Education 

No Schooling 

Grade 1 - 5 

Grade 6 - 10 

Passed O/L NCGE 

Passed A/L HNCE 

Degree and Above 

Total 

1.5 VULNERABILITY (Number of Individuals) 

Single 

headed HH 

at risk 

Male 

Female 

Total 

Number % Number % Number % 

5,529 17.41% 5,518 17.58% 11,047 17.49% 

6,637 20.89% 7,702 24.54% 14,339 22.71% 

11,704 36.85% 11,542 36.78% 23,246 36.81% 

4,864 15.31% 4,231 13.48% 9,095 14.40% 

2,697 8.49% 2,242 7.14% 4,939 7.82% 

334 1.05% 145 0.46% 479 0.76% 

31,765 50.30% 31,380 49.70% 63,145 

Unemployed 

Physically 

challenged 

Mentally 

challenged 

Orphans 

Elderly w/o 

support 

Chronically ill Total 

1,830 5,896 1,272 580 252 601 10,431 

1.6 EMPLOYMENT (Population older than 18 yrs) 

Current 

Employment 

Not employed 

Paid employment 

Own account worker 

Unpaid family worker 

Employer 

Total 

Male 

Female 

Total 

Number % Number % Number % 

4,911 28.10% 16,307 94.38% 21,218 61.05% 

9,865 56.45% 757 4.38% 10,622 30.56% 

2,575 14.73% 160 0.93% 2,735 7.87% 

48 0.27% 41 0.24% 89 0.26% 

78 0.45% 13 0.08% 91 0.26% 

17,477 50.29% 17,278 49.71% 34,755 

2. VOTE LOCATION 

(Population older than 18 yrs) 

2.1 NOT IN VOTERS LIST - AGE BREAKDOWN 

Vote location Individ 

Age 

Place of displacement 1,814 Gender 18-33 33-59 Over 60 n/a Total 

Place of origin 

29,565 Female 2,338 445 62 67 2,912 

Total 

31,379 Male 2,160 350 37 73 2,620 

Total 4,498 795 99 140 5,532 

81.3% 14.4% 1.8% 2.5% 100% 


3. DURABLE SOLUTION (Number of Families) 

Durable Solution 

Locally integrate / Remain 

Return home 

Total 

3.1 KEY OBSTACLES FOR RETURN 

Obstacles 

Security reasons 

Lack of access road 

Lack of government support 

Lack of productive assets (tools) 

Lack of health facilities 

Lack of education facilities 

No access to water 

Landless 

Lack of rule of law 

Landmines 

Lack of assistance for rebuilding 

Lack of land for cultivation 

Ethnic imbalance 

Land not accessible 

Lack of market facilities 

Lack of information on area 

No access to skills training 

Lack of fishing facilities 

Families % 

14,928 96.43% 

552 3.57% 

15,480 

3.2 KEY OBSTACLES FOR LOCAL INTEGRATION 

Obstacles 






Landless 











Landmines 


1 2 

Order of Priority 

3 4 5 Total 

376 56 11 7 5 455 

16 167 53 30 15 281 

11 28 47 60 46 192 

23 30 30 35 49 167 

2 23 39 45 54 163 

6 20 44 76 14 160 

11 24 89 22 9 155 

66 49 13 6 1 135 

3 29 33 30 26 121 

16 25 34 19 14 108 

13 17 27 21 78 

3 23 23 14 13 76 

5 12 31 15 7 70 

7 24 19 4 4 58 

4 5 12 5 4 30 

1 2 4 11 10 28 

2 4 8 6 7 27 

2 3 5 5 4 19 

1 2 

Order of Priority 

3 4 5 Total 

2,612 1,767 1,419 1,193 1,355 8,346 

1,218 2,543 1,787 1,529 1,152 8,229 

863 2,157 2,343 1,592 759 7,714 

3,001 1,584 1,051 638 447 6,721 

1,590 1,222 1,023 923 440 5,198 

2,594 816 327 241 170 4,148 

343 1,198 1,032 737 457 3,767 

362 678 798 625 580 3,043 

311 554 894 725 500 2,984 

153 354 903 587 431 2,428 

206 334 435 448 294 1,717 

799 142 86 38 45 1,110 

57 69 81 141 88 436 

13 17 19 51 39 139 

2 2 

1 1 


3.3 ALTERNATIVE DURABLE SOLUTION IF DURABLE SOLUTION IS RETURN HOME 


Locally integrate / Remain 

Return home 

Total 

4. LAND AND HOUSE IN PUTTALAM DISTRICT 

Families % 

208 37.68% 

344 62.32% 

552 

4.1 POSSESSION OF LAND AND HOUSE IN PUTTALAM 

Land 

Land Docs House 

House Docs 

Number % Number % Number % Number % 

Yes 11,485 74.19% 8,587 55.47% 8,979 58.00% 3,043 19.66% 

No 3,995 25.81% 2,898 18.72% 6,501 42.00% 5,936 38.35% 

Total 15,480 11,485 15,480 8,979 

4.2 WHY DO NOT POSSESS LAND DOCUMENTS 

Reason 

Failed to register 

Fraudulent transfer 

Lost/Destroyed 

Never obtained 

Total 

Families % 

518 18.07% 

1 0.03% 

76 2.65% 

2,272 79.25% 

2,867 

4.3 KIND OF DOCUMENTS TO PROVE LAND RIGHTS 

Kind 

Outright deeds 

Permit 

Grant 

Lease 

Total 

4.4 ACQUIREMENT OF LAND 

Land Acquired Families % 

Bought 8,304 72.30% 

Donated 388 3.38% 

Inherited 28 0.24% 

No answer 2,765 24.07% 

Total 11,485 

4.5 TYPE OF HOUSES 

Type of house 

Permanent 

Semi permanent 

Temporary 

Total 

Families % 

8,343 97.16% 

125 1.46% 

101 1.18% 

18 

8,587 

0.21% 

Families % 

1,093 12.17% 

2,232 24.86% 

5,653 62.97% 

8,978 


4.6 TYPE OF HOUSES AND LATRINES FOR FAMILIES WHO POSSESS LAND 

AND VALID LAND DOCUMENTS 

Type of House 

Permanent 


Temporary 

Total 

Type of House 

Permanent 


Temporary 

Total 

Common 

/Public 

Common 

/Public 

Not 

available 

Private Sharing Total % 

23 86 803 45 957 15.03% 

74 269 1,224 287 1,854 29.12% 

193 501 1,879 982 3,555 55.84% 

290 856 3,906 1,314 6,366 

Not 

available 

Private Sharing Total 

8 12 88 11 119 

18 39 194 67 318 

154 239 658 489 1540 

180 290 940 567 1977 

4.8 POSSESSION OF LAND AND HOUSE IN PUTTALAM - WANT TO LOCALLY INTEGRATE 

Land Land Docs House 

House Docs 


Yes 11,118 74.48% 8,281 55.47% 8,622 57.76% 2,870 19.23% 

No 3,810 25.52% 2,837 19.00% 6,306 42.24% 5,752 38.53% 

Total 14,928 11,118 14,928 8,622 

5. NUMBER OF FAMILIES WHO POSSESS LAND IN PUTTALAM AND IN PLACE OF ORIGIN: 2,248 

6. LAND AND HOUSE AT PLACE OF ORIGIN 

6.1 POSSESSION OF LAND AND HOUSE 

Land Land Docs House 

House Docs 


Yes 6,190 39.99% 2,484 16.05% 2,839 18.34% 843 5.45% 

No 9,290 60.01% 3,706 23.94% 12,641 81.66% 1,996 12.89% 

Total 15,480 6,190 15,480 2,839 

6.2 AGE BREAKDOWN FOR THOSE WHO POSSESS LAND 

18-33 33-59 

Age 

Over 60 n/a Total 

595 4,166 1,392 37 6,190 

6.3 WHY DO NOT POSSESS LAND DOCUMENTS 

Reason 

Failed to register 

Fraudulent transfer 

Lost/Destroyed 

Never obtained 

Total 

Families % 

360 10.42% 

11 0.32% 

2,240 64.85% 

843 24.41% 

3,454 

Type of Latrines 

4.7 TYPE OF HOUSES AND LATRINES FOR FAMILIES WHO POSSESS LAND 

BUT NOT VALID LAND DOCUMENTS 

Type of Latrines 


6.4 KIND OF DOCUMENTS TO PROVE LAND RIGHTS 

Permit 

Grant 

Lease 

Total 

Kind 

Outright deeds 

6.5 STATUS OF LAND 

Status of Land 

Available 

In HSZ 

Occupied by other 

Landmines 

In buffer zone 

n/a 

Total 

6.6 TYPE OF HOUSES 

Type of house 

Permanent 


Temporary 

Total 

Families % 

2,300 93.95% 

94 3.84% 

46 1.88% 

8 0.33% 

2,448 

Families % 

2,161 34.91% 

294 4.75% 

452 7.30% 

71 1.15% 

11 0.34% 

3,201 51.71% 

6,190 

Families % 

1,429 54.52% 

439 16.75% 

753 28.73% 

2,621 

6.7 POSSESSION OF LAND AND HOUSE - WANT TO RETURN 

Land Land Docs House House Docs 


Yes 371 68.45% 128 23.62% 121 22.32% 41 7.56% 

No 171 31.55% 243 44.83% 431 79.52% 80 14.76% 

Total 542 371 552 121 

6.8 POSSESSION OF LAND AND HOUSE - WANT TO RETURN AND LAND AVAILABLE 

Land Land Docs House House Docs 


Yes 139 100.00% 109 78.42% 50 35.97% 28 20.14% 

No 30 21.58% 89 64.03% 22 15.83% 

Total 139 139 139 50 

7. FAMILY INFORMATION 

7.1 NUMBER OF FAMILIES WHOSE MEMBERS HAVE RETURNED TO PLACE OF ORIGIN: 116 

7.2 NUMBER OF FAMILIES WHO WANT TO RETURN AND THEIR MEMBERS HAVE ALREADY 

RETURNED TO PLACE OF ORIGIN: 16 

7.3 PLACE OF LIVING OF MARRIED CHILDREN 7.4 DISPLACEMENT 

Place 

With parents 

In separate dwelling 

With host family 

Total 

Number % 

1,902 47.73% 

1,751 43.94% 

332 8.33% 

3,985 

AVG Years 

in Displacement 

15.98 

AVG Years in 

Current Place 

10.12 


WELFARE CENTRES REVALIDATION 


- LIST OF WELFARE CENTRES - 


LIST OF WELFARE CENTRES IN PUTTALM DISTRICT 

REVALIDATION MARCH 2006 

No. DS Division GN Division Welfare Centre Families Persons Possess 

Land 

Possess 

Land 

Doc 

Possess 

House 

Possess 

1 Kalpitiya Alakuda Alankuda Mulli - B 214 857 23.83% 1.87% 69.16% 11.21% 

2 Kalpitiya Alankuda Al Arafa II Alankuda 37 156 78.38% 72.97% 48.65% 18.92% 

3 Kalpitiya Alankuda Al Azam Alankuda 71 300 83.10% 67.61% 54.93% 22.54% 

4 Kalpitiya Alankuda Al Hijra Alankuda 220 916 79.55% 73.18% 54.55% 20.00% 

5 Kalpitiya Alankuda Al Hira Alankuda 74 280 72.97% 68.92% 50.00% 12.16% 

6 Kalpitiya Alankuda Al Manar Alankuda 48 207 83.33% 77.08% 70.83% 10.42% 

7 Kalpitiya Alankuda Ali Jinnah Alankuda 84 350 86.90% 85.71% 59.52% 38.10% 

8 Kalpitiya Alankuda Arafa Nagar Koiyawadi Alankuda 435 1755 65.98% 58.39% 51.95% 20.46% 

9 Kalpitiya Alankuda Dharussalam Nagar Alankuda 48 188 68.75% 50.00% 64.58% 6.25% 

10 Kalpitiya Alankuda Jinah A I Alankuda 64 252 76.56% 68.75% 60.94% 0.00% 

11 Kalpitiya Alankuda Jinnapuram Alankuda 67 299 92.54% 74.63% 76.12% 34.33% 

12 Kalpitiya Alankuda Kalmunaikudi I Alankuda 212 848 65.57% 60.38% 41.51% 21.23% 

13 Kalpitiya Alankuda Kalmunaikudi II Alankuda 181 778 76.80% 72.93% 46.41% 28.18% 

14 Kalpitiya Alankuda Madeena Nagar Alankuda 69 294 85.51% 81.16% 69.57% 40.58% 

15 Kalpitiya Alankuda Mazoor Nagar 205 811 85.37% 82.44% 68.29% 38.05% 

16 Kalpitiya Alankuda Sarafiyapuram Alankuda 54 235 83.33% 74.07% 66.67% 0.00% 

17 Kalpitiya Alankuda Thaib Nagar Andakerni 120 456 82.50% 74.17% 56.67% 30.00% 

18 Kalpitiya Anawasala Anavasal B 39 185 58.97% 48.72% 51.28% 0.00% 

19 Kalpitiya Kandakuliya Al Ameen Dalaiyadi 39 159 69.23% 53.85% 53.85% 10.26% 

20 Kalpitiya Kandakuliya Ashar Nagar 90 385 70.00% 10.00% 65.56% 2.22% 

21 Kalpitiya Kandakuliya Ashroff Nagar 81 312 66.67% 13.58% 61.73% 14.81% 

22 Kalpitiya Kandakuliya Kandakkuli A1 Camp 154 615 50.65% 11.04% 56.49% 11.04% 

23 Kalpitiya Kandakuliya Kandakkuli A2 Madaniya Camp 37 145 67.57% 18.92% 67.57% 18.92% 

24 Kalpitiya Kandakuliya Kandakkuli BCD Camp 42 190 42.86% 16.67% 59.52% 16.67% 

25 Kalpitiya Kandakuliya Mullai Camp B 19 74 36.84% 31.58% 57.89% 10.53% 

26 Kalpitiya Kandakuliya Musali Camp Kandakkuli 59 265 74.58% 64.41% 59.32% 27.12% 

27 Kalpitiya Karamba Hairath Camp Karambe 70 258 55.71% 14.29% 70.00% 15.71% 

28 Kalpitiya Karamba Husainiyapuram Ulkkapallam 725 2985 85.79% 76.14% 60.83% 31.31% 

29 Kalpitiya Karamba Husainiyapuram west Ulkkapallam 182 722 87.91% 84.07% 55.49% 24.18% 

30 Kalpitiya Karamba Safa Marwa A Karambe 439 1815 82.23% 12.07% 62.19% 11.85% 

31 Kalpitiya Karamba Safa Marwa B1 Karambe 81 347 95.06% 2.47% 86.42% 1.23% 

32 Kalpitiya Karamba Safa Marwa B2 Karambe 156 675 94.23% 0.64% 83.33% 0.64% 

33 Kalpitiya Karamba Safa Marwa C Karambe 99 358 77.78% 5.05% 60.61% 11.11% 

34 Kalpitiya Karamba Zam Zam Nagar Ulkkapallam 49 196 69.39% 4.08% 69.39% 6.12% 

35 Kalpitiya Kurinjipitiya South Koolankulam 147 608 68.71% 57.14% 52.38% 32.65% 

36 Kalpitiya Kurinjipitiya South Puthuveli Kurinchipiddy 74 325 77.03% 68.92% 58.11% 39.19% 

37 Kalpitiya Kurinjipitiya South Sammadiwadi 75 300 73.33% 60.00% 61.33% 4.00% 

38 Kalpitiya Kurinjipitiya South Sammadiwadi E Camp 24 89 70.83% 58.33% 70.83% 8.33% 

39 Kalpitiya Mandalakudawa Al Atholi D Camp 57 219 70.18% 22.81% 45.61% 0.00% 

40 Kalpitiya Mandalakudawa Al Mannar A,B Mandalakkuda 402 1536 82.34% 38.31% 45.52% 12.94% 

41 Kalpitiya Mandalakudawa Hajiyar B Camp 62 265 70.97% 61.29% 56.45% 41.94% 

42 Kalpitiya Mandalakudawa Hajiyar C Camp 45 175 64.44% 53.33% 53.33% 42.22% 

43 Kalpitiya Mandalakudawa Hajiyar Camp A 97 387 56.70% 54.64% 45.36% 28.87% 

44 Kalpitiya Mandalakudawa Madeena A Camp 18 67 77.78% 50.00% 50.00% 5.56% 

45 Kalpitiya Mandalakudawa Madeena C Al fadah 66 250 33.33% 24.24% 30.30% 7.58% 

46 Kalpitiya Mandalakudawa Malpura 13 44 92.31% 61.54% 69.23% 46.15% 

47 Kalpitiya Mandalakudawa Mihraj Puram 98 449 76.53% 68.37% 56.12% 31.63% 

48 Kalpitiya Mandalakudawa Muhammadiyapuram 275 1121 64.73% 53.45% 49.45% 27.27% 

49 Kalpitiya Mandalakudawa Mullai Camp 109 426 55.05% 47.71% 29.36% 20.18% 

50 Kalpitiya Mandalakudawa Rahmaniya 89 320 47.19% 38.20% 37.08% 14.61% 

51 Kalpitiya Mandalakudawa Sinhapura 61 229 83.61% 36.07% 67.21% 21.31% 

52 Kalpitiya Mudalappaliya 90 Acre Kandakkuda 244 988 84.43% 7.38% 56.15% 9.43% 

53 Kalpitiya Mudalappaliya Hasaniyapuram 46 195 80.43% 69.57% 65.22% 0.00% 

Puttalam Welfare Centres Revalidation - 2006 Page 8 of 47 

House 

Doc


Land 

Possess 

Land 

Doc 

Possess 

House 

Possess 

54 Kalpitiya Mudalappaliya Kannady Camp 15 63 100.00% 40.00% 80.00% 0.00% 

55 Kalpitiya Mudalappaliya Nookkirankerni 30 125 80.00% 60.00% 60.00% 0.00% 

56 Kalpitiya Mudalappaliya Palli Camp 23 101 82.61% 56.52% 65.22% 0.00% 

57 Kalpitiya Mudalappaliya Salamabath 81 370 88.89% 79.01% 60.49% 0.00% 

58 Kalpitiya Musalpitiya Musalpiry C 44 200 56.82% 36.36% 56.82% 4.55% 

59 Kalpitiya Norochchola Hajarawatta Nurachcholai 104 458 81.73% 70.19% 57.69% 12.50% 

60 Kalpitiya Norochchola Kuravankudy 28 111 64.29% 64.29% 67.86% 46.43% 

61 Kalpitiya Norochchola Mannar Mawatha Nurachcholai 83 339 68.67% 66.27% 53.01% 12.05% 

62 Kalpitiya Norochchola Mullaiyoor B camp Nurachcholai 18 81 72.22% 66.67% 66.67% 33.33% 

63 Kalpitiya Norochchola Mullaiyoor Kalpali Nurachcholai 173 684 53.18% 47.40% 37.57% 16.18% 

64 Kalpitiya Norochchola Mullaiyoor Muslim camp 73 303 76.71% 57.53% 64.38% 19.18% 

65 Kalpitiya Norochchola New Settlement 25 108 72.00% 56.00% 56.00% 48.00% 

66 Kalpitiya Norochchola Poolachchenai A,B Nurachcholai 34 162 85.29% 73.53% 55.88% 11.76% 

67 Kalpitiya Norochchola Poolachchenai C Nurachcholai 19 77 78.95% 78.95% 57.89% 52.63% 

68 Kalpitiya Norochchola Sanjeedawatta Nurachcholai 104 413 67.31% 64.42% 50.00% 11.54% 

69 Kalpitiya Palliwasalthure Ahamedpuram B Camp 49 206 85.71% 77.55% 73.47% 0.00% 

70 Kalpitiya Palliwasalthure Ahmadpuram 45 186 77.78% 73.33% 62.22% 2.22% 

71 Kalpitiya Palliwasalthure Al Hamara 163 711 75.46% 69.94% 52.76% 34.97% 

72 Kalpitiya Palliwasalthure Al Rahma E Camp 60 229 73.33% 70.00% 56.67% 6.67% 

73 Kalpitiya Palliwasalthure Decent Camp 39 160 89.74% 74.36% 64.10% 0.00% 

74 Kalpitiya Palliwasalthure ElandamoddaiRV 8 31 62.50% 62.50% 50.00% 0.00% 

75 Kalpitiya Palliwasalthure Jinna Camp 71 311 73.24% 66.20% 64.79% 26.76% 

76 Kalpitiya Palliwasalthure Kondachchi Camp 142 579 67.61% 57.04% 57.75% 38.73% 

77 Kalpitiya Palliwasalthure Kooba Nagar Pallivasalthurai 33 150 87.88% 84.85% 84.85% 39.39% 

78 Kalpitiya Palliwasalthure New Safra 69 286 75.36% 71.01% 53.62% 27.54% 

79 Kalpitiya Palliwasalthure New Sqafra B 32 154 71.88% 62.50% 62.50% 34.38% 

80 Kalpitiya Palliwasalthure Pallivasalthurai A Camp 22 91 40.91% 36.36% 36.36% 4.55% 

81 Kalpitiya Palliwasalthure Pallivasalthurai B Camp 11 55 100.00% 81.82% 81.82% 0.00% 

82 Kalpitiya Sinnakudieruppu Anna Mariya 37 140 75.68% 51.35% 51.35% 16.22% 

83 Kalpitiya Sinnakudieruppu Karusal Camp 36 137 66.67% 36.11% 47.22% 0.00% 

84 Kalpitiya Sinnakudieruppu Sinnakudieruppu 21 84 57.14% 19.05% 28.57% 14.29% 

85 Kalpitiya Thihali Islamabath 101 418 60.40% 59.41% 56.44% 32.67% 

86 Kalpitiya Thihali New Camp Thihali Etalai 68 362 66.18% 58.82% 70.59% 39.71% 

87 Kalpitiya Thihali Thihali Mawadi Mawatta 64 263 62.50% 56.25% 51.56% 32.81% 

Total Kalpitiya 

House 

Doc 

8,491 34,809 73.30% 51.53% 56.88% 19.99% 

1 Mundal Kadayamotai Al- Madeena Nagar 42 174 28.57% 16.67% 45.24% 4.76% 

2 Mundel Kadayamotai Kadayamoddai 41 203 70.73% 41.46% 36.59% 7.32% 

3 Mundel Kottanthievu Rahmathpuram 71 285 83.10% 57.75% 54.93% 0.00% 

4 Mundel Kottanthievu Siyapuram 53 194 79.25% 58.49% 39.62% 0.00% 

5 Mundel Madurankuliya Madurankuli 42 155 71.43% 66.67% 57.14% 30.95% 

6 Mundel Madurankuliya Srimapuram 69 266 42.03% 15.94% 56.52% 8.70% 

7 Mundel Nallandaluwa Nallandaluwa 18 81 27.78% 27.78% 55.56% 5.56% 

8 Mundel Nallandaluwa Nallandaluwa A&B 13 55 23.08% 23.08% 69.23% 7.69% 

9 Mundel Nallandaluwa Nallandaluwa C 20 87 30.00% 25.00% 40.00% 0.00% 

10 Mundel Perukkuvattan Perukkuwedduvan 82 308 74.39% 60.98% 57.32% 24.39% 

11 Mundel Pulichchakulama Hijrath Nagar Pulichchakulam 230 936 88.70% 83.04% 73.04% 39.57% 

12 Mundel Pulichchakulama Puthukkudieruppu 56 198 80.36% 67.86% 55.36% 16.07% 

13 Mundel Sameeragama Sameeraga Muhaam 63 268 46.03% 34.92% 66.67% 20.63% 

14 Mundel Tharakudivilluwa Darussalam Akkaraveli 63 294 69.84% 61.90% 66.67% 20.63% 

15 Mundel Viruthodai Viruthodai 13 50 30.77% 23.08% 30.77% 7.69% 

16 Mundel Weerapura Hidhayath Nagar 455 1782 94.95% 46.37% 78.02% 0.66% 

Total Mundel 

1,331 5,336 77.69% 52.74% 65.59% 13.22% 



Land 

Possess 

Land 

Doc 

Possess 

House 

Possess 

1 Puttalam Manalthivu Madeena Nagar 126 511 75.40% 67.46% 44.44% 23.81% 

2 Puttalam Manalthivu Mohideen Nagar 115 455 95.65% 84.35% 73.04% 0.87% 

3 Puttalam Manalthivu Rahmath Nagar A 278 1227 78.06% 62.23% 64.03% 11.51% 

4 Puttalam Manalthivu Rahmath Nagar B 168 717 84.52% 75.60% 68.45% 22.02% 

5 Puttalam Manalthivu Salton I 92 377 10.87% 1.09% 44.57% 4.35% 

6 Puttalam Manalthivu Salton II 37 162 29.73% 24.32% 67.57% 5.41% 

7 Puttalam Marikkar Street Al Mina Thambapanni 290 1255 51.38% 2.76% 60.00% 2.41% 

8 Puttalam Palaviya Fareedabath 76 278 76.32% 68.42% 52.63% 22.37% 

9 Puttalam Palaviya Hijrapuram 152 601 80.92% 73.68% 77.63% 42.76% 

10 Puttalam Palaviya Madeena Nagar 41 182 78.05% 65.85% 51.22% 17.07% 

11 Puttalam Palaviya Maleehapuram 129 512 82.17% 69.77% 31.01% 7.75% 

12 Puttalam Palaviya Sembamadu 48 206 85.42% 72.92% 52.08% 14.58% 

13 Puttalam Palaviya Shafi Nagar 53 223 84.91% 81.13% 67.92% 20.75% 

14 Puttalam Pottuvilluwa Erukkalampiddy 1203 4909 74.90% 58.44% 56.28% 31.75% 

15 Puttalam Pottuvilluwa Razool Nagar 162 629 82.72% 77.16% 70.37% 16.05% 

16 Puttalam Puttalam East Rahmabath (Al Hassanath Rd) 22 92 81.82% 68.18% 40.91% 0.00% 

17 Puttalam Rathmalyaya Ratmalyaya 515 2063 72.04% 65.24% 53.98% 30.29% 

18 Puttalam Rathmalyaya Thaib Nagar Anapllaiyooththu 97 402 77.32% 75.26% 67.01% 16.49% 

19 Puttalam Rathmalyaya YMMA 106 399 64.15% 53.77% 46.23% 21.70% 

20 Puttalam Senakudirippuwa Mullai Nagar 78 314 74.36% 60.26% 47.44% 32.05% 

21 Puttalam Senakudirippuwa Ninthani 122 438 76.23% 66.39% 47.54% 15.57% 

22 Puttalam Senakudirippuwa Ninthani II Moor Street 139 539 89.21% 82.73% 14.39% 6.47% 

23 Puttalam Thiladiya Al Aqsh Thilaiyadi 287 1214 83.62% 76.31% 70.03% 20.21% 

24 Puttalam Thiladiya Al Arafa 132 579 78.03% 76.52% 68.94% 12.88% 

25 Puttalam Thiladiya Al Jiddah 186 729 78.49% 75.27% 63.98% 19.35% 

26 Puttalam Thiladiya Al Minapuram Thillaiyadi 244 900 76.64% 70.49% 42.62% 17.62% 

27 Puttalam Thiladiya Thillaiyadi E 40 144 85.00% 62.50% 57.50% 0.00% 

28 Puttalam Thiladiya Thillaiyadi F 46 154 76.09% 13.04% 67.39% 0.00% 

29 Puttalam Thiladiya Umarabath A 139 552 76.98% 65.47% 62.59% 0.00% 

30 Puttalam Thiladiya Umarabath A 45 201 82.22% 71.11% 64.44% 0.00% 

31 Puttalam Thiladiya Zadamiyapuram 7 28 71.43% 71.43% 57.14% 57.14% 

Total Puttalam 

House 

Doc 

5,175 20,992 74.88% 61.87% 56.99% 20.17% 

1 Vanathavilluwa Karathivu South Karativu RNA Nagar 49 189 63.27% 51.02% 44.90% 26.53% 

2 Vanathavilluwa Vattakandal Elma City IIRO 13 53 100.00% 100.00% 76.92% 76.92% 

3 Vanathavilluwa Vattakandal Ismailpuram Hassan Nagar 45 190 86.67% 68.89% 73.33% 42.22% 

4 Vanathavilluwa Vattakandal 

Mujahideenpuram 6th mile post 

Ismailpuram 

118 500 72.03% 66.10% 67.80% 34.75% 

5 Vanathavilluwa Vattakandal New Sitny 137 584 71.53% 62.77% 67.88% 13.14% 

6 Vanathavilluwa Vattakandal Noohu Nagar 35 145 77.14% 74.29% 62.86% 11.43% 

7 Vanathavilluwa Vattakandal Salamabath 86 347 68.60% 56.98% 77.91% 24.42% 

Total Vanathavilluwa 

Grand Total 

Total number of Welfare Centres: 141 

483 2,008 72.88% 63.77% 67.70% 26.09% 

15,480 63,145 74.19% 55.47% 58.00% 19.66% 


WELFARE CENTRES SURVEY 


- DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE - 


Age and Gender Breakdown 

A G E 

Gender 0 - 4 5 - 12 13 - 17 18 - 33 34 - 59 over 60 n/a Total % 

Female 3,421 6,007 3,209 9,636 7,516 1,420 171 31,380 49.7% 

Male 3,569 6,390 3,196 9,607 7,584 1,252 167 31,765 50.3% 

Total 

6,990 12,397 6,405 19,243 15,100 2,672 338 63,145 

% 11.1% 19.6% 10.1% 30.5% 23.9% 4.2% 

12,000 

10,000 

8,000 

6,000 

4,000 

2,000 

0 

0.5% 

0-4 5-12 12-17 18-33 33-59 Over 60 n/a 

Female Male 

Welfare Centres Survey - Puttlam 2006 


Ethnicity by Division of Displacement 

Division Sinhala Tamil Muslim Other Total 

Kalpitiya 305 234 34,184 98 34,821 55.14% 

Vanathavilluwa 1 2,007 2,008 3.18% 

Puttalam 5 111 20,874 4 20,994 33.25% 

Mundel 1 6 5,313 2 5,322 8.43% 

Total 312 351 62,378 104 63,145 

Burgher 

0.49% 0.56% 98.79% 

Muslim 

Tamil 

0.16% 

Sinhalese 



Ethnicity by District of Origin 

District Sinhalese Tamil Muslim Burgher Total 

Mannar 237 163 45,159 55 45,614 72.24% 

Jaffna 125 8,491 6 8,622 13.65% 

Mullaitivu 17 5 6,560 5 6,587 10.43% 

Kilinochchi 22 1,554 1,576 2.50% 

Vavuniya 267 267 0.42% 

Trincomalee 21 202 223 0.35% 

Batticaloa 14 4 84 102 0.16% 

Puttalam 44 11 38 93 0.15% 

Ampara 50 50 0.08% 

Polonnaruwa 11 11 0.02% 

Total 312 351 62,378 104 63,145 

Burgher 

0.49% 0.56% 98.79% 

Muslim 

Tamil 

0.16% 

Sinhalese 



Religion by Division of Displacement 

Division Buddhist Hindu Islam Christian Anemist Total 

Kalpitiya 40 85 34,184 512 34,821 55.14% 

Vanathavilluwa 1 2,007 2,008 3.18% 

Puttalam 5 75 20,874 40 20,994 33.25% 

Mundel 1 6 5,313 2 5,322 8.43% 

Total 47 166 62,378 554 63,145 

0.07% 0.26% 98.79% 0.88% 

0.26% 

98.79% 

0.88% 

0.07% 

Buddhist Christian Hindu Islam 



Religion by District of Origin 

District Buddhist Hindu Islam Christian Anemist Total 

Jaffna 71 8,491 60 8,622 13.65% 

Mannar 47 54 45,159 354 45,614 72.24% 

Vavuniya 267 267 0.42% 

Mullaitivu 6,560 27 6,587 10.43% 

Kilinochchi 18 1,554 4 1,576 2.50% 

Batticaloa 4 84 14 102 0.16% 

Ampara 50 50 0.08% 

Trincomalee 19 202 2 223 0.35% 

Puttalam 93 93 0.15% 


Total 47 166 62,378 554 63,145 

0.07% 0.26% 98.79% 0.88% 

0.26% 

98.79% 

0.88% 

0.07% 

Buddhist Christian Hindu Islam 



Education by Division of Displacement 

DS Division No 

Schooling 

Grade 

1 - 5 

Grade 

6 - 10 

Passed 

O/L NCGE 

Passed 

A/L HNCE 

Degree 

and Above 

Kalpitiya 6,150 8,287 12,573 4,967 2,611 233 34,821 55.14% 

Puttalam 3,566 4,339 7,961 3,155 1,772 201 20,994 33.25% 

Mundel 877 1,149 1,927 823 505 41 5,322 8.43% 

Vanathavilluwa 454 564 785 150 51 4 2,008 3.18% 

Total 11,047 14,339 23,246 9,095 4,939 479 63,145 

Grade 1 - 5 


17.49% 22.71% 36.81% 14.40% 7.82% 0.76% 


Grade 6 - 10 


Total 

No Schooling 



Education by District of Origin 

District No 

Schooling 

Grade 

1 - 5 

Grade 

6 - 10 

Passed 

O/L NCGE 

Passed 

A/L HNCE 

Degree 

and Above 

Mannar 7,983 9,997 16,418 6,787 4,001 428 45,614 72.24% 

Jaffna 1,511 2,112 3,561 1,025 387 26 8,622 13.65% 

Mullaitivu 1,133 1,631 2,338 1,016 445 24 6,587 10.43% 

Kilinochchi 271 387 634 208 76 1,576 2.50% 

Vavuniya 48 53 127 24 14 1 267 0.42% 

Trincomalee 47 74 76 18 8 223 0.35% 

Batticaloa 25 19 40 13 5 102 0.16% 

Puttalam 14 47 28 3 1 93 0.15% 

Ampara 13 18 17 1 1 50 0.08% 

Polonnaruwa 2 1 7 1 11 0.02% 

Total 11,047 14,339 23,246 9,095 4,939 479 63,145 

Grade 1 - 5 


17.49% 22.71% 36.81% 14.40% 7.82% 0.76% 


Grade 6 - 10 


Total 

No Schooling 



Vulnerability by Division of Displacement 

District Single 

headed HH 

at risk 

Unemployed 

Physically Mentally Unaccomp. 

challenged challenged minor 

(Disabled) (Disabled) Orphan 

Elderly 

without 

support 

Chronically 

ill 

Kalpitiya 936 3,171 755 337 0 124 369 5,692 

Puttalam 673 2,101 397 201 0 91 170 3,633 

Mundel 141 433 87 33 0 33 47 774 

Vanathavilluwa 80 191 33 9 0 4 15 332 

Total 1,830 5,896 1,272 580 0 252 601 10,431 

% of Total Vulnerable 

Single headed HH 

at risk 

Chronically ill 

17.5% 56.5% 12.2% 5.6% 0.0% 2.4% 5.8% 

% of Total Population 2.90% 9.34% 2.01% 0.92% 0.00% 0.40% 0.95% 16.52% 

Elderly without 

support 

Mentally challenged 

(Disabled) 

Unemployed 

Physically 

challenged 

(Disabled) 

Total 



Vulnerability by District of Origin 

District Single 

headed HH 

at risk 

Unemployed 

Physically Mentally Unaccomp. 

challenged challenged minor 

(Disabled) (Disabled) Orphan 

Elderly 

without 

support 

Chronically 

ill 

Mannar 1,269 4,487 917 498 0 177 431 7,779 

Jaffna 309 648 198 49 0 41 80 1,325 

Mullaitivu 181 576 110 23 0 20 74 984 

Kilinochchi 46 103 32 5 0 9 13 208 

Trincomalee 5 29 4 2 0 1 1 42 

Vavuniya 11 21 6 1 0 1 0 40 

Puttalam 5 14 3 2 0 2 1 27 

Batticaloa 3 14 1 0 0 1 1 20 

Ampara 0 4 1 0 0 0 0 5 

Polonnaruwa 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 

Total 1,830 5,896 1,272 580 0 252 601 10,431 

% of Total Vulnerable 

Single headed HH 

at risk 

Chronically ill 

17.5% 56.5% 12.2% 5.6% 0.0% 2.4% 5.8% 

% of Total Population 2.90% 9.34% 2.01% 0.92% 0.00% 0.40% 0.95% 16.52% 

Elderly without 

support 

Mentally challenged 

(Disabled) 

Unemployed 

Physically 

challenged 

(Disabled) 

Total 



Current Employment 

Population 18 yrs old and above 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

1 

2 

3 

1 

2 

3 

Category of 

Sex 

employment Female % Male % Total % 

Not employed 16,307 46.92 4,911 14.13 21,218 61.05 

Paid employment 757 2.18 9,865 28.38 10,622 30.56 

Own account worker 160 0.46 2,575 7.41 2,735 7.87 

Employer 13 0.04 78 0.22 91 0.26 

Unpaid family worker 41 0.12 48 0.14 89 0.26 

Total 

17,278 49.71 17,477 50.29 34,755 

Sector 

Sex 

of employment Female % Male % Total % 

Manufacturing 398 2.96 6,701 49.78 7,099 52.73 

Fishing 277 2.06 4,566 33.92 4,843 35.98 

Agriculture 288 2.14 1,232 9.15 1,520 11.29 

Total 

963 7.15 12,499 92.85 13,462 

Type 

Sex 


Seasonal 248 3.38 3,243 44.16 3,491 47.54 

Daily 178 2.42 2,340 31.87 2,518 34.29 

Permanent 146 1.99 1,188 16.18 1,334 18.17 

Total 

572 7.79 6,771 92.21 7,343 

2 

2 

2 

3 

3 

3 45 



1 

1 

1

Employment Prior to Displacement 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

1 

2 

3 

Category of 

Sex 

employment Female % Male % Total % 

Not employed 6,999 44.86 1,578 10.11 8,577 54.98 

Paid employment 294 1.88 3,322 21.29 3,616 23.18 

Own account worker 264 1.69 3,008 19.28 3,272 20.97 

Employer 7 0.04 113 0.72 120 0.77 

Unpaid family worker 7 0.04 9 0.06 16 0.10 

Total 

7,571 48.53 8,030 51.47 15,601 

Sector 

Sex 


Manufacturing 239 3.48 3,299 47.98 3,538 51.45 

Agriculture 185 2.69 2,001 29.10 2,186 31.79 

Fishing 20 0.29 718 10.44 738 10.73 

Government sector 100 1.45 261 3.80 361 5.25 

Construction 45 0.65 45 0.65 

Mining 8 0.12 8 0.12 

Total 

544 7.91 6,332 92.09 6,876 

Type 

Sex 


Seasonal 235 3.38 3,074 44.20 3,309 47.58 

Daily 172 2.47 2,185 31.42 2,357 33.89 

Permanent 142 2.04 1,146 16.48 1,288 18.52 

Total 

549 7.89 6,405 92.11 6,954 

2 

2 

2 

3 

3 

3 

4 5 

5 6 



1 

1 

1

Occupation by Division of Displacement 

Occupation Kalpitiya Mundel Puttalam 

Vanathavilluwa 

Total 

No occupation 10,132 1,438 7,123 616 19,309 30.58% 

Student 10,495 1,586 5,085 629 17,795 28.18% 

Housewife 6,710 1,033 4,011 378 12,132 19.21% 

Labour unskilled 4,282 804 2,340 238 7,664 12.14% 

Fisherman 974 14 167 31 1,186 1.88% 

Businessman 409 58 473 13 953 1.51% 

Farmer 414 94 146 58 712 1.13% 

Teacher 255 65 222 4 546 0.86% 

Driver 207 51 226 7 491 0.78% 

Tailor (Sewing/Knitting) 86 22 301 1 410 0.65% 

Mason 112 29 112 2 255 0.40% 

Factory worker 79 8 150 11 248 0.39% 

Salesperson 117 19 100 236 0.37% 

Religious person 78 22 51 1 152 0.24% 

Clerk 46 10 53 3 112 0.18% 

Craftsman 42 3 61 4 110 0.17% 

Trader 56 7 25 1 89 0.14% 

Baker 54 2 21 1 78 0.12% 

Pensioneer 27 2 45 1 75 0.12% 

Carpenter 31 16 25 2 74 0.12% 

Mechanic 31 7 28 66 0.10% 

Construction worker 36 5 22 63 0.10% 

Metal worker 4 3 45 52 0.08% 

Cook 13 3 28 44 0.07% 

plumber 22 2 15 1 40 0.06% 



Occupation Kalpitiya Mundel Puttalam 


Total 

Painter 9 20 29 0.05% 

Manager 18 5 6 29 0.05% 

Cabinet maker 10 1 12 23 0.04% 

Electrician 10 3 9 22 0.03% 

Guard 4 1 9 1 15 0.02% 

Butcher 4 1 7 12 0.02% 

Pharmacist 6 1 5 12 0.02% 

Doctor-Medical 4 1 7 12 0.02% 

Architect 2 1 6 3 12 0.02% 

Health worker 8 4 12 0.02% 

Shoe maker 1 10 11 0.02% 

Hairdresser 7 4 11 0.02% 

Police Officer 4 3 2 1 10 0.02% 

Seaman 2 1 6 1 10 0.02% 

Computer operator 5 1 3 9 0.01% 

Technician 6 3 9 0.01% 

Jeweller 4 1 5 0.01% 

Engineer 1 3 4 0.01% 

Lawyer 1 1 2 0.00% 

Journolist 2 2 0.00% 

Interpreter 1 1 0.00% 

Brick maker 1 1 0.00% 

Total 34,821 5,322 20,994 2,008 63,145 

55.14% 8.43% 33.25% 

3.18% 





- DURABLE SOLUTION - 


Durable Solution by Division of Displacement 

Number of families 

Ds Division Retutn home Relocate Locally 

integrate 

Kalpitiya 281 8,211 8,492 54.86% 

Puttalam 249 4,927 5,176 33.44% 

Mundel 8 1,321 1,329 8.59% 

Vanathavilluwa 14 469 483 3.12% 

Total 

96.43% 

Total 

552 14,928 15,480 

3.57% 96.43% 

3.57% 

Locally integrate Return home 



Durable Solution by District of Origin 

Number of families 

District Retutn home Relocate Locally 

integrate 

Mannar 462 10,703 11,165 72.13% 

Jaffna 47 2,101 2,148 13.88% 

Mullaitivu 31 1,563 1,594 10.30% 

Kilinochchi 11 369 380 2.45% 

Vavuniya 1 65 66 0.43% 

Trincomalee 63 63 0.41% 

Puttalam 25 25 0.16% 

Batticaloa 24 24 0.16% 

Ampara 12 12 0.08% 


Total 

Total 

552 14,928 15,480 

3.57% 96.43% 

96.43% 

3.57% 

Locally integrate Return home 



Main Obstacles for Return 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 


Rate 

Obstacles 1 2 3 4 5 Total 







Landless 


Landmines 









7 

6 

8 

5 

9 

376 56 11 7 5 455 

16 167 53 30 15 281 

11 28 47 60 46 192 

23 30 30 35 49 167 

2 23 39 45 54 163 

6 20 44 76 14 160 

11 24 89 22 9 155 

66 49 13 6 1 135 

3 29 33 30 26 121 

16 25 34 19 14 108 

0 13 17 27 21 78 

3 23 23 14 13 76 

5 12 31 15 7 70 

7 24 19 4 4 58 

4 5 12 5 4 30 

1 2 4 11 10 28 

2 4 8 6 7 27 

2 3 5 5 4 19 

Top 10 Obstacles 

10 

4 

3 

1 



2

Main Obstacles for Local Integration 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

Rate 

Obstacles 1 2 3 4 5 Total 

Lack of productive assets (tools) 2,612 1,767 1,419 1,193 1,355 8,346 

Lack of government support 1,218 2,543 1,787 1,529 1,152 8,229 

Lack of health facilities 863 2,157 2,343 1,592 759 7,714 

No access to water 3,001 1,584 1,051 638 447 6,721 

Lack of access road 1,590 1,222 1,023 923 440 5,198 

Landless 2,594 816 327 241 170 4,148 

Lack of education facilities 343 1,198 1,032 737 457 3,767 

Lack of market facilities 362 678 798 625 580 3,043 

No access to skills training 311 554 894 725 500 2,984 

Lack of assistance for rebuilding 153 354 903 587 431 2,428 

Lack of land for cultivation 206 334 435 448 294 1,717 

Security reasons 799 142 86 38 45 1,110 

Lack of fishing facilities 57 69 81 141 88 436 

Ethnic imbalance 13 17 19 51 39 139 

Land not accessible 0 2 0 0 0 2 

Lack of rule of law 0 1 0 0 0 1 

Landmines 0 0 0 0 0 0 

Lack of information on area 0 0 0 0 0 0 

6 

7 

5 

8 

9 

Top 10 Obstacles 

10 

4 

1 

3 



2



- INFORMATION ON 

PLACE OF DISPLACEMENT - 


Possession of Land and House by Division of Displacement 

Land 

House 

Possess Possess 


Division of 

displacement 

Total families 

land 

Yes No 

valid documents 

Yes No 

house 

Yes No 


Yes No 

Kalpitiya 8,492 6,226 2,266 4,375 1,851 4,832 3,660 1,697 3,135 

Puttalam 5,176 3,875 1,301 3,202 673 2,949 2,227 1,044 1,905 

Mundel 1,329 1,032 297 702 330 871 458 176 695 

Vanathavilluwa 483 352 131 308 44 327 156 126 201 

Total 

16000 

14000 

12000 

10000 

8000 

6000 

4000 

2000 

0 

Total 

families 

15,480 11,485 3,995 8,587 2,898 8,979 6,501 3,043 5,936 

74.2% 25.8% 74.8% 25.2% 58.0% 42.0% 33.9% 66.1% 

No 

Yes 

Possess 

land 

No 

Yes 

Possess 

land 

documents 

No 

Yes 

Possess 

house 

No 

Yes 

Possess 

house 

documents 



Possession of Land and House by Division of Displacement 

durable solution - Local Integration 

Land 

House 



Division of 

displacement 


land 

Yes No 


Yes No 

house 

Yes No 


Yes No 

Kalpitiya 8,211 6,032 2,179 4,205 1,827 4,686 3,525 1,626 3,060 

Puttalam 4,927 3,720 1,207 3,081 639 2,759 2,168 950 1,809 

Mundel 1,321 1,026 295 699 327 864 457 175 689 

Vanathavilluwa 469 340 129 296 44 313 156 119 194 

Total 

16000 

14000 

12000 

10000 

8000 

6000 

4000 

2000 

0 

Total 

families 

14,928 11,118 3,810 8,281 2,837 8,622 6,306 2,870 5,752 

74.5% 25.5% 74.5% 25.5% 57.8% 42.2% 33.3% 66.7% 

No 

Yes 

Possess 

land 

No 

Yes 

Possess 

land 

documents 

No 

Yes 

Possess 

house 

No 

Yes 

Possess 

house 

documents 



Kind of Documents to Prove Land Rights 

Division 

Outright 

deeds Lease Permit Grant Total 

Kalpitiya 4,268 12 70 25 4,375 50.95% 

Puttalam 3,116 6 49 31 3,202 37.29% 

Mundel 673 29 702 8.18% 

Vanathavilluwa 286 6 16 308 3.59% 

Total 8,343 18 125 101 8,587 

0.21% 

97.16% 0.21% 1.46% 

1.18% 

1.46% 

1.18% 

97.16% 

Grant Lease Outright deeds Permit 



Acquirement of Land 

Division Bought Donated Inherited No Answer Total 

Kalpitiya 4,314 145 11 1,756 6,226 54.21% 

Puttalam 3,025 193 14 643 3,875 33.74% 

Mundel 672 33 2 325 1,032 8.99% 

Vanathavilluwa 293 17 1 41 352 3.06% 

Total 8,304 388 28 2,765 11,485 

72.30% 3.38% 0.24% 

24.07% 

72.30% 

24.07% 

0.24% 

Bought Donated Inherited No Answer 

3.38% 



Type of House 

DS Division Permanent Semi 

Permanent 

Temporary Total 

Kalpitiya 382 1,081 3,368 4,831 53.81% 

Puttalam 610 931 1,408 2,949 32.85% 

Mundel 92 159 620 871 9.70% 

Vanathavilluwa 9 61 257 327 3.64% 

Total 

12.17% 

24.86% 

1,093 2,232 5,653 8,978 

12.17% 24.86% 62.97% 

62.97% 

Permanent Semi permanent Temporary 



Water Source 

DS Division 

Private 

well 

Common 

well 

Private 

pipe 

Common 

pipe 

Not 

available Total 

Kalpitiya 1,404 3,093 1,465 1,001 1421 8,384 55.03% 

Puttalam 477 1,602 472 1,502 1014 5,067 33.26% 

Mundel 256 370 81 401 205 1,313 8.62% 

Vanathavilluwa 14 159 19 20 259 471 3.09% 

Total 2,151 5,224 2,037 2,924 2899 15,235 

19.19% 

14.12% 

14.12% 34.29% 13.37% 19.19% 

34.29% 

13.37% 

19.03% 

19.03% 

Common pipe Common well Not available Private pipe Private well 



Latrines 

DS Division 

Common/ 

Public Sharing Private 

Not 

available Total 

Kalpitiya 942 1,797 3,056 8,402 54.99% 

2607 

Puttalam 326 1,146 2,307 1312 5,091 33.32% 

Mundel 148 173 627 367 1,315 8.61% 

Vanathavilluwa 56 66 127 221 470 3.08% 

Total 1,472 3,182 6,117 4507 15,278 

9.63% 

29.50% 

9.63% 20.83% 40.04% 

20.83% 

29.50% 

40.04% 

Common/Public Not available Private Sharing 





- INFORMATION ON 

PLACE OF ORIGIN - 


Possession of Land and House by District of Origin 

Land 

House 



District of 

origin 


land 

Yes No 


Yes No 

house 

Yes No 


Yes No 

Mannar 11,165 4,733 6,432 1,923 2,810 2,277 8,888 695 1,582 

Jaffna 2,148 592 1,556 151 441 205 1,943 42 163 

Mullaitivu 1,594 658 936 343 315 270 1,324 90 180 

Kilinochchi 380 147 233 49 98 60 320 10 50 

Vavuniya 66 27 39 8 19 12 54 3 9 

Trincomalee 63 16 47 7 9 6 57 2 4 

Puttalam 25 8 17 2 6 1 24 0 1 

Batticaloa 24 6 18 1 5 6 18 1 5 

Ampara 12 2 10 0 2 1 11 0 1 

Polonnaruwa 3 1 2 0 1 1 2 0 1 

Total 

16000 

14000 

12000 

10000 

8000 

6000 

4000 

2000 

0 

Total 

families 

15,480 6,190 9,290 2,484 3,706 2,839 12,641 843 1,996 

No 

Yes 

Possess 

land 

40.0% 60.0% 40.1% 59.9% 18.3% 81.7% 29.7% 70.3% 

No 

Yes 

Possess 

land 

documents 

No 

Yes 

Possess 

house 

No 

Yes 

Possess 

house 

documents 



Possession of Land and House by District of Origin 

durable solution - Return home 

Land 

House 



District of 

origin 


land 

Yes No 


Yes No 

house 

Yes No 


Yes No 

Mannar 462 305 157 108 197 110 352 36 74 

Jaffna 47 40 7 3 37 2 45 0 2 

Mullaitivu 31 16 15 12 4 7 24 5 2 

Kilinochchi 11 9 2 5 4 1 10 0 1 

Vavuniya 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 

Total 

600 

500 

400 

300 

200 

100 

0 

Total 

families 

552 371 181 128 243 121 431 41 80 

No 

Yes 

Possess 

land 

67.2% 32.8% 34.5% 65.5% 21.9% 78.1% 33.9% 66.1% 

No 

No 

Yes Yes 

Possess 

land 

documents 

Possess 

house 

No 

Yes 

Possess 

house 

documents 



Kind of Documents to Prove Land Rights 

District 

Outright 

deeds Lease Permit Grant Total 

Mannar 1,794 7 54 37 1,892 77.29% 

Mullaitivu 307 1 27 6 341 13.93% 

Jaffna 139 6 3 148 6.05% 

Kilinochchi 43 6 49 2.00% 

Vavuniya 7 1 8 0.33% 

Trincomalee 7 7 0.29% 

Puttalam 2 2 0.08% 

Batticaloa 1 1 0.04% 

Total 2,300 8 94 46 2,448 

0.33% 

1.88% 

93.95% 0.33% 3.84% 

3.84% 

93.95% 

1.88% 

Grant Lease Outright deeds Permit 



Status of Land 

District Available In HSZ 

Occupied 

by other Landmines 

In buffer 

zone n/a Total 

Mannar 1,687 206 308 57 3 2472 4,733 76.46% 

Mullaitivu 272 57 84 5 7 233 658 10.63% 

Jaffna 128 20 44 8 1 391 592 9.56% 

Kilinochchi 58 8 11 1 69 147 2.37% 

Vavuniya 10 1 1 15 27 0.44% 

Trincomalee 3 1 4 8 16 0.26% 

Puttalam 2 6 8 0.13% 

Batticaloa 1 1 4 6 0.10% 

Ampara 2 2 0.03% 


Total 2,161 294 452 71 11 3201 6,190 

34.91% 

34.91% 4.75% 7.30% 1.15% 

7.30% 

0.18% 

0.18% 

4.75% 

1.15% 

51.71% 

51.71% 

Available In buffer zone In HSZ Landmines n/a Occupied by other 



Type of House - District of Origin 

District Permanent Semi 

Permanent 

Temporary Total 

Mannar 1,115 362 635 2,112 80.58% 

Mullaitivu 145 40 61 246 9.39% 

Jaffna 117 23 43 183 6.98% 

Kilinochchi 40 7 9 56 2.14% 

Vavuniya 6 3 2 11 0.42% 

Trincomalee 2 2 1 5 0.19% 

Batticaloa 4 1 5 0.19% 


Puttalam 1 1 0.04% 

Ampara 1 1 0.04% 

Total 

54.52% 

1,429 439 

753 2,621 

54.52% 16.75% 28.73% 

28.73% 

16.75% 

Permanent Semi permanent Temporary 





- MAPS - 


Kalpitiya 

Puttalam 

Mahakumbukkadawala 

Mundel 

Arachchikattuwa 

Chilaw 

Madampe 

Mahawewa 

Nattandiya 

Dankotuwa 

Wennappuwa 

IDPs in Puttalam District as per Welfare Centres Revalidation 

Preferred Durable Solutions by Division of Displacement 

Pallama 

The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. 

�� 

Anamaduwa 


Karuwalagaswewa 

Nawagattegama 


Locally integrate - 14,982 

Return home - 552 

Number of Families 

8,492 

5,176 

1,329 

483 

Total Families : 15,480 

Total Individuals: 63,145 

UNHCR 

GIS Unit 

Sri Lanka 

Sources: Puttalam Welfare Centres Revalidation March 2006 


WC Survey by Durable Solution.Wor

�� 

IDPs in Puttalam District as per Welfare Centres Revalidation 

Preferred Durable Solutions by District of Origin 

25 

25 

PUTTALAM 

PUTTALAM 

PUTTALAM 

2,148 2,148 2,148 

2,148 

JAFFNA JAFFNA JAFFNA 

JAFFNA 

KILINOCHCHI 

KILINOCHCHI 

11,165 

11,165 

GAMPAHA 

GAMPAHA 

MANNAR 

MANNAR 

COLOMBO 

COLOMBO 

COLOMBO 

COLOMBO 

COLOMBO 

KURUNEGALA 

KURUNEGALA 

KALUTARA 

KALUTARA 

KEGALLE KEGALLE 

KEGALLE 

GALLE 

GALLE GALLE 

66 

66 

380 

380 380 

MULLAITIVU 

MULLAITIVU 

MULLAITIVU 

1,594 

1,594 

VAVUNIYA 

VAVUNIYA 

VAVUNIYA 

ANURADHAPURA 

ANURADHAPURA 

ANURADHAPURA 

MATARA MATARA 

MATARA 

MATALE 

MATALE 

KANDY 

KANDY 

RATNAPURA 

RATNAPURA 

RATNAPURA 

RATNAPURA 

NUWARA 

NUWARA 

ELIYA 

ELIYA 


63 63 

63 

TRINCOMALEE 

TRINCOMALEE 

POLONNARUWA 

POLONNARUWA 

333 

BADULLA 

BADULLA 

MONERAGALA 

MONERAGALA 

MONERAGALA 

HAMBANTOTA 

HAMBANTOTA 


Locally integrate - 14,928 

Return home - 552 

Number of Families 

BATTICALOA 

BATTICALOA 

BATTICALOA 

BATTICALOA 

2,200 to 11,165 

1,600 to 2,200 

500 to 1,600 

100 to 500 

1 to 100 

24 

24 24 

12 

12 

AMPARA 

AMPARA 

Total Families : 15,480 

Total Individuals: 63,145 


GIS Unit 

Sri Lanka 

Sources: Puttalam Welfare Centres Revalidation March 2006 


WC Survey by Durable Solution.Wor

Kalpitiya 

Puttalam 


Mundel 


Chilaw 

Madampe 

Mahawewa 

Nattandiya 

Dankotuwa 

Wennappuwa 

8,211 

8,211 

8,211 

8,211 

1,321 

1,321 

1,321 

1,321 

469 

469 

469 

469 

4,927 4,927 4,927 

4,927 

4,927 

4,927 4,927 

Pallama 

Anamaduwa 



Nawagattegama 


Puttalam Welfare Centres Revalidation 2006 

Possession of Land and House for Local Integration in Puttalam Distriction 

LAND HOUSE 

Kalpitiya 

Puttalam 


Mundel 


Chilaw 

Madampe 

Mahawewa 

Nattandiya 

Dankotuwa 

Wennappuwa 

8,211 

8,211 

8,211 

1,321 

1,321 1,321 1,321 

1,321 1,321 

469 

469 

469 469 

4,927 4,927 

4,927 4,927 4,927 

4,927 4,927 

Pallama 

Anamaduwa 



Nawagattegama 

�� 

Total Families for 

Local Integration: 14,928 

Families for Local Integration 

8,211 

4,927 

1,321 

469 

Possession of Land 

No Land Available 

Land Available with Documents 

Land Available - No Documents 

Possession of House 


GIS Unit 

Sri Lanka 

No House Available 

House Available wit Documents 

House Available - No Documents 

Puttalam Welfare Centres Revalidation March 2006 

Land anD House by Division of Displacement.Wor


Annex 1 

Final Report on the 2006 Revalidation of the Puttalam Welfare Centre Survey: 

Comparison of 2006 and 2004 Survey Results 

� Basic Demographic Information 

2006 Survey 

15,480 families (63,145 individuals) in 141 

Locations 

Population Distribution by Division of 

Displacement: 

• 55% in Kalpitiya 

• 3% in Vanathavilluwa 

• 33% in Puttalam 

• 8% in Mundel 

Population Distribution by Place of Origin: 

• 14% Jaffna 

• 72% Mannar 

• 10% Mullaitivu 

• 3% Kilinochchi 

• Other Districts of Origin: Vavuniya, 

Batti, Ampara, Trinco, Polonnaruwa, 

Puttalam 

61% Unemployed 

2004 Survey 

14,493 families (61,763 individuals) in 123 

Locations 

Population Distribution by Division of 

Displacement: 

• 58% in Kalpitiya 

• 3% in Vanathavilluwa 

• 30% in Puttalam 

• 8% in Mundel 

Population Distribution by Place of Origin: 

• 13% Jaffna 

• 72% Mannar 

• 12% Mullaitivu 

• 3% Kilinochchi 

• Other Districts of Origin: Vavuniya, 

Batti, Ampara, Trinco 

64% Unemployed 

1


Annex 1 



� Summary of Findings: Puttalam (Place of Displacement) 


74% possess land in Puttalam (11,485 families) 

� 72% of those with land in Puttalam 

purchased the land (8,304 families) 

75% of landowners have documents for land in 

Puttalam (8,587 families) 

� 97% outright deeds 

� 1.5% permits 

� 1% grants 

� 0.5% leases 

* In 2006, respondents were asked to show their 

Puttalam land documentation to enumerators 

Land ownership by District of Displacement: 

• Kalpitiya: 73% (52% have documents) 

• Mundel: 78% (53% have documents) 

• Puttalam: 75% (62% have documents) 

• Vanathavilluwa: 73% (64% have 

documents) 

Displacement: 

• Average years since first displacement 

- 16 

• Average years in current place of 

displacement – 10 

Voting Location: 

• 1,814 vote in Puttalam 

• 29,565 vote in place of origin 

Type of House in Puttalam 

� Permanent – 12% 

� Semi-permanent – 25% 

� Temporary – 63% 

2004 Survey 

70% possess land in Puttalam (10,172 families) 


Puttalam (8,625 families) 

(type of documents not available) 

Land ownership by District of Displacement: 

• Kalpitiya: 70% (79% have documents) 

• Mundel: 74% (90% have documents) 

• Puttalam: 70% (94% have documents) 

• Vanathavilluwa: 75% (83% have 

documents) 

N/A 

N/A 

N/A 

2


Annex 1 



� Summary of Findings: Place of Origin 


42% possess land in place of origin 


place of origin 

Status of land in place of origin: 

• 14% Available 

• 2% in HSZ 

• 3% Occupied by another 

• 0.5% Landmines 

Number of families who have members who 

have returned to their place of origin: 116 

2004 Survey 

61% possess land in place of origin 


place of origin 

Status of land in place of origin: 

• 35% Available 

• 7% in HSZ 

• 10% Occupied by another 

• 7% Landmines 

N/A 

3


Annex 1 



� Durable Solution Information 


Preferred Durable Solution: 

� Locally integrate – 96% 

� Return home – 4% 

Key Obstacles for Return: 

� Security reasons 

� Lack of access road 

� No access to water 

� Lack of education facilities 

� Lack of health facilities 

Key Obstacles for Local Integration: 

� No access to water 

� Lack of government support 

� Lack of health facilities 

� Lack of productive assets 

� Lack of access road 

� Landless 

Respondents wishing to locally integrate and 

who possess land in Puttalam – 75% (11,118 

families) 

Respondents wishing to return home who 

possess land in their place of origin – 68% (371 

families) 

2004 Survey 

Preferred Durable Solution: 

� Return home immediately – 2% 

� Return home in the future – 59% 

� Locally integrate – 38% 

Key Obstacles for Return: 

� Security reasons 

� Infrastructure facilities 

� Lack of employment/income 

� Landlessness 

Assistance Required to Locally Integrate: 

� Building material 

� Self-employment facilities 

� Water facilities 

� Health Facilities 

Respondents wishing to locally integrate and 

who possess land in Puttalam – 73% (4,402 

families) 

Respondents wishing to return home 

immediately and who possess land in their 

place of origin – 72% (234 families) 

Respondents wishing to return home in the 

future and who possess land in the place of 

origin – 65% (5,542 families) 

4

UNHCR REPORT - 2006 - IHDP

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