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58 Chapter 4
To add a horizontal line, simply add the following one-sided tag where you want the line
to appear:
Note In XHTML, you must add a space and closing slash, like this: . HTML5 also
recognizes that syntax as an optional alternative. The slash is required for XHTML compatibility,
while the space preceding the slash enables older browsers to read the tag correctly.
By default, the line runs the entire width of the browser window, is two pixels in height,
and is black with a chiseled effect. You can change these characteristics by applying
attributes within the tag.
Most of the original attributes for the tag were deprecated in HTML Version 4.01;
attributes such as align, color, size, and width are not supported at all in HTML5. You
now set the rendering characteristics for a horizontal line using styles, as you will learn in
Chapter 6, “Introduction to Style Sheets.” It’s best to specify a uniform appearance for all
lines with a cascading style sheet, as you’ll learn to do in Chapter 6, but you can also add
styling directly to the tag by simply including the style=”attributes” attribute. The attributes
you can set are color, background-color, width, and height. For example, to create a
green line that is 3 pixels thick and spans 50% of the window’s width, you would write:
Some browsers use color to assign a color to the line, others use background-color; therefore,
you should include both tags and assign the same color for both.