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Inserting Horizontal Lines 59 HTML recognizes these 16 basic color names: ●● Aqua ●● Gray ●● Navy ●● Silver ●● Black ●● Green ●● Olive ●● Teal ●● Blue ●● Lime ●● Purple ●● White ●● Fuchsia ●● Maroon ●● Red ●● Yellow Note To see full-color samples of these, refer to Documents\Microsoft Press\HTML5 SBS\ Reference\colors.htm. In this exercise, you will add two horizontal rules to a Web page. SET UP Use the index.htm file from the previous exercise, or use the one in the practice file folder for this topic. The practice file is located in the Documents\ Microsoft Press\HTML5 SBS\04Lists\InsertingLines folder. Open the index file in Notepad and in Internet Explorer. 1. Immediately above the copyright notice, add this tag: 2. Copy and paste that same tag immediately below the heading near the top. 3. Save the file, and then refresh the Internet Explorer display to check your work. CLEAN UP Close the Notepad and Internet Explorer windows.
60 Chapter 4 Choosing Background and Foreground Colors Many Web design experts caution against dark or patterned backgrounds on Web pages, because they can make it difficult to read the text. Some designers go so far as to say that you should not use any background color at all; they prefer that black text on a white background be the norm. A quick look at a few major commercial Web sites will confirm the near-universality of this opinion. Check out high-traffic sites like www. msn.com, news.google.com, and www.microsoft.com, and you’ll find that the body text is almost exclusively black (or another dark color) on a white (or other pale) background. Rules are made to be broken, however, and you might find situations in which a colored or patterned background is perfect for a certain page (or set of pages). For example, you might assign a background color to a Web page that you want to differentiate from other pages of a Web site. Specifying Colors The 16 basic colors presented earlier in the section, “Inserting Horizontal Lines,” are the best colors to use on Web pages because they are universally accepted. Every browser interprets these colors the same way. However, you will probably find many situations in which none of those 16 colors is appropriate. For example, you might find that they are all too dark or too vivid to make an attractive page background. Therefore, you will sometimes need to rely on other ways of specifying colors. One way to specify a color is by its RGB (red-green-blue) value. Using this method, you can describe a color using a series of three numbers, from 0 to 255. Each number represents the component of red, green, or blue that makes up the color. For example, pure red is 255, 0 ,0; that is, maximum red (255), no green (0), and no blue (0). You can create a large range of colors using these three values. For example, 255, 153, 0 represents a particular shade of orange—full red, a little more than half green, and no blue. Another way to express color values in HTML is by using a hexadecimal value. The hexadecimal values represent the RGB values converted to the base-16 numbering system. For example, the value 255 converts to FF, so the RGB value 255, 255, 0 can also be expressed as the hexadecimal value #FFFF00. The problem with defining colors by using RGB or hexadecimal values is that not every display supports that many colors. Any unsupported colors appear as dithered (that is, formed with a cross-hatch pattern of two colors blended together). Therefore, most Web designers try to stick with what are called web-safe colors. A web-safe color is one that exactly matches one of the colors in a standard 8-bit color display. Web-safe colors use
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HTML5 Step by Step Faithe Wempen
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To Margaret iii
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vi Contents 2 Setting Up the Docume
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viii Contents Part 3 9 Displaying G
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x Contents Embedding Video Clips .
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Acknowledgments Thank you to the wo
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xvi Introduction (Please note that
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xviii Introduction A new browser wi
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xx What Is HTML? To understand how
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xxii What Is HTML? Simply put, it
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xxiv What Is HTML? A slightly longe
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xxvi Using the Practice Files Chapt
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Getting Help Every effort has been
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xxx Conventions and Features in Thi
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Chapter at a Glance Open a Web page
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4 Chapter 1 Note You may run into v
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6 Chapter 1 SET UP Open Notepad. 1.
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Page 41 and 42: 10 Chapter 1 The file opens in Inte
Page 43 and 44: Chapter at a Glance Create the HTML
Page 45 and 46: 14 Chapter 2 Specifying the Documen
Page 47 and 48: 16 Chapter 2 2. In the Notepad wind
Page 49 and 50: 18 Chapter 2 Note In XHTML, the lin
Page 51 and 52: 20 Chapter 2 Note Not all search en
Page 53 and 54: 22 Chapter 2 Publishing a File to a
Page 55 and 56: Chapter at a Glance Create headings
Page 57 and 58: 26 Chapter 3 This chapter introduce
Page 59 and 60: 28 Chapter 3 Dog Agility Club of In
Page 61 and 62: 30 Chapter 3 Note HTML also allows
Page 63 and 64: 32 Chapter 3 CLEAN UP Close the Not
Page 65 and 66: 34 Chapter 3 The tag can also come
Page 67 and 68: 36 Chapter 3 10. Close the poemtext
Page 69 and 70: 38 Chapter 3 The tag has a cite=
Page 71 and 72: 40 Chapter 3 CLEAN UP Close the Not
Page 73 and 74: 42 Chapter 3 6. On the General tab,
Page 75 and 76: 44 Chapter 3 11. Open the poem file
Page 77 and 78: Chapter at a Glance Create bulleted
Page 79 and 80: 48 Chapter 4 divisions in Chapter 1
Page 81 and 82: 50 Chapter 4 On a Web page, it woul
Page 83 and 84: 52 Chapter 4 3. After the first ite
Page 85 and 86: 54 Chapter 4 Creating Definition Li
Page 87 and 88: 56 Chapter 4 name or an entity numb
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Page 93 and 94: 62 Chapter 4 SET UP Use the foliage
Page 95 and 96: 64 Chapter 4 If you specify a backg
Page 97 and 98: Chapter at a Glance Hyperlink to a
Page 99 and 100: 68 Chapter 5 Practice Files Before
Page 101 and 102: 70 Chapter 5 When creating a link t
Page 103 and 104: 72 Chapter 5 E-mail hyperlinks are
Page 105 and 106: 74 Chapter 5 Note The full text of
Page 107 and 108: 76 Chapter 5 To refer to the anchor
Page 109 and 110: 78 Chapter 5 Hyperlinking to Other
Page 111 and 112: 80 Chapter 5 4. In Internet Explore
Page 114 and 115: Part 2 Style Sheets and Graphics 6
Page 116 and 117: 6 Introduction to Style Sheets In t
Page 118 and 119: Constructing Style Rules 87 ul { l
Page 120 and 121: Constructing Style Rules 89 2. In N
Page 122 and 123: Creating Styles for Nested Tags 91
Page 124 and 125: Creating Classes and IDs for Applyi
Page 126 and 127: Creating Classes and IDs for Applyi
Page 128 and 129: Applying Styles to Hyperlinks 97 Yo
Page 130 and 131: Creating and Linking to External St
Page 132 and 133: Key Points 101 ●● ●● ●●
Page 134 and 135: 7 Formatting Text by Using Style Sh
Page 136 and 137: Specifying a Font Family 105 Note I
Page 138 and 139: Specifying a Font Size and Color 10
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Specifying a Font Size and Color 10
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Applying Bold and Italics 111 6. Sa
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Applying Bold and Italics 113 In th
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Applying Strikethrough and Underlin
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Creating Inline Spans 117 Creating
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Adjusting Spacing Between Letters 1
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Adjusting Spacing Between Letters 1
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Key Points 123 Key Points ●●
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8 Formatting Paragraphs by Using St
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Indenting Paragraphs 127 In contras
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Indenting Paragraphs 129 It is inde
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Applying a Border to a Paragraph 13
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Applying a Border to a Paragraph 13
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Specifying the Horizontal Alignment
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Specifying Vertical Space within a
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9 Displaying Graphics In this chapt
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Preparing Graphics for Web Use 143
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Inserting Graphics 145 To refer to
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Arranging Elements on the Page 147
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Controlling Image Size and Padding
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Controlling Image Size and Padding
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Hyperlinking from Graphics 153 Note
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Using Thumbnail Graphics 155 Mouse
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Using Thumbnail Graphics 157 2. S
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Adding Figure Captions 159 If the b
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Chapter at a Glance Create a text-b
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166 Chapter 10 Planning Your Site
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168 Chapter 10 Tip When you place a
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170 Chapter 10 7. Set the margin fo
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172 Chapter 10 button you like, and
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174 Chapter 10 Creating an Image Ma
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176 Chapter 10 287,71 188,267 314,4
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178 Chapter 10 Just as with hyperli
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180 Chapter 10 Note Even thou
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182 Chapter 10 After five seconds,
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Chapter at a Glance Create division
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186 Chapter 11 Practice Files Befor
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188 Chapter 11 Creating Divisions Y
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190 Chapter 11 Creating an HTML5 Se
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192 Chapter 11 Positioning Division
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194 Chapter 11 You can combine posi
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196 Chapter 11 9. (Optional) Experi
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198 Chapter 11 There are several pr
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200 Chapter 11 5. In the default.cs
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202 Chapter 11 12. Save the file. 1
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Chapter at a Glance Create a table,
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206 Chapter 12 The most popular use
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208 Chapter 12 The number of column
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210 Chapter 12 5. Save the file, an
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212 Chapter 12 Alternatively, you c
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214 Chapter 12 An alternative appro
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218 Chapter 12 You can also specify
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222 Chapter 12 The preceding code c
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224 Chapter 12 CLEAN UP Close the N
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226 Chapter 12 2. In Notepad, inser
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228 Chapter 12 CLEAN UP Close the N
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Chapter at a Glance Apply table bor
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232 Chapter 13 Applying Table Borde
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234 Chapter 13 As shown in the foll
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236 Chapter 13 that govern all inst
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238 Chapter 13 3. Open products.htm
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240 Chapter 13 9. Remove the border
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242 Chapter 13 If the image is smal
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244 Chapter 13 4. In Notepad, in th
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246 Chapter 13 Setting Cell Padding
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248 Chapter 13 Note Notice that whe
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Chapter at a Glance Create a basic
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252 Chapter 14 Caution Many Web des
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254 Chapter 14 You can specify a wi
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256 Chapter 14 Many Web designers f
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258 Chapter 14 8. Add another row a
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260 Chapter 14 By default, check bo
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262 Chapter 14 6. Fill out the form
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264 Chapter 14 If the list’s choi
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266 Chapter 14 7. After the closing
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268 Chapter 14 Understanding CGI an
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Chapter at a Glance Play a video, p
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272 Chapter 15 What’s New with Au
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274 Chapter 15 There is also a new
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276 Chapter 15 Note A compression a
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278 Chapter 15 Not surprisingly, yo
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280 Chapter 15 SET UP Use the winte
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282 Chapter 15 Note If a security w
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284 Chapter 15 SET UP Use the index
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Chapter at a Glance Add JavaScript
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288 Chapter 16 You add a canvas ele
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290 Chapter 16 SET UP Open Notepad.
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292 Chapter 16 Keeping JavaScript A
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294 Chapter 16 However, as just not
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296 Chapter 16 You can also select
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298 Chapter 16 You call the functio
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300 Chapter 16 Validating a Web For
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302 Chapter 16 The CSS style might
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304 Chapter 16 To draw on the canva
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306 Chapter 16 Viewing this page in
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308 Chapter 16 }); for (i = 0; i
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310 Chapter 16 Including External C
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Part 4 Other Ways to Create HTML Co
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17 HTML and Microsoft Expression We
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Exploring the Expression Web Interf
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Exploring the Expression Web Interf
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Creating Web Sites and Web Pages 32
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Creating Web Sites and Web Pages 32
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Create a Page by Using a CSS Templa
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Create a Page by Using a CSS Templa
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Insert Graphics 329 the site. One e
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Insert Graphics 331 Drag each butto
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Formatting Text 333 Note The Masthe
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Formatting Text 335 5. In the Prope
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Formatting Text 337 19. Click OK to
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Formatting a Division 339 4. Drag t
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Inserting Hyperlinks 341 ●● ●
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Key Points 343 14. Click OK. The hy
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A Designing for Usability Although
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Designing a Consistent Page Templat
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Performing Usability Testing 351
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354 Appendix B To plan for these li
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356 Appendix B ●● ●● Ensure
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358 Appendix B ●● ●● ●●
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360 Appendix B Guideline 12: Provid
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C Tags Added and Removed in HTML5 T
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Glossary absolute path Paths that c
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Glossary 367 logical tag See descri
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Index Symbols ¢ (cent) 56 £ (poun
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compiled programming languages 371
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.flv file extension 373 block-level
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images. See graphics (images) 375 d
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navigational aids 377 K tag about
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tag 379 paragraphs. See also tag a
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text boxes 381 style sheets. See al
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word spacing 383 VLC media player 2
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About the Author Faithe Wempen, M.A
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