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We can create subgroups according tocompressibility:Subgroups according to compressibilityn Compressibility < approx. 3 % High grade PTFE Very suitablen Compressibility approx. 5 –10 % Medium grade PTFE Suitable with conditionsn Compressibility approx. 15 – 30 % Soft PTFE Hardly suitablen Compressibility > approx. 50 % Expanded PTFE Unsuitable6The remaining residual surface pressureafter temperature cycling is a measureof the longterm stability of gasketmaterials. If the gasket material continuesto flow, the residual surface pressurewill be lower.PS10 solar power towerExperience from practicalapplicationsA user of a KLINGERtop-chem-2000high-grade material has run a test to selectthe correct gasket material, and has beengenerous enough to make the resultsavailable to us. This particular applicationwas in the area of chemical pumps.The vent and drain plugs in these pumpsare mostly equipped with narrow ring gaskets(Fig. 4). However, because there is arequirement for the universal use of sealingmaterials in the chemical industry,PTFE is the correct basis.Test structure: non-grooved 120 ×112 mm ring gasket, torque 40 Nm, equivalentto 15.8 N/mm².Test cycle: 5 temperature cyclesfrom 20 – 120 °C over a total of 110 hours.Measurements: thickness of the gasketbefore and after the measuring sequence,and remaining residual torque.The measurement results are summarizedin the following diagrams. Notethat material of equal thicknesses wasnot available. The results have thus beenstandardized to a thickness of 1 mm (linear).The original thicknesses are listedfor information purposes.In the first diagram (Fig. 5) it can beseen that, after the temperature cycles,minimal thickness loss was experiencedon high-grade material only.50,0045,0040,00From the Lossof Torque diagram(Fig. 6) it can beseen that becauseof low loss of thickness during the temperaturecycles, the loss of torque is also atits lowest. Note that the linear standardizationof the results does not correspondto reality, and thinner original thicknessesalways come out with a better evaluation.Because the high-grade material is one ofthe thicker ones, the results can thereforebe seen as especially positive. In reality,for assembly reasons, gaskets between 2mm and 3 mm are mostly used, as in thechemical pump with the threaded plugs(Fig. 7). The significance of the results andthe differences between materials are thusall the more distinct.Ergebnisse Dickenverlust in % / result thickness loss in %nach Einbau normiert auf 1mm Dicke (linear) /after mounting standardised to 1mm thickness (linear)nach Testzyklus normiert auf 1mm Dicke (nur warmverf.) / after testcycle standardused to 1mm thickness (only hot compression)35,0030,00%25,0020,0015,0010,005,000,00Material 1 Material 2 Material 3 Material 4 Material 5 Material 6 Material 7 High-Grade-MaterialMaterial 8 Material 9Fig. 4: Pumps with vent & drain plugsFig. 5: Loss of thickness results70,00Verlust an Drehmoment, normiert auf 1 mm Dicke (linear) /loss of torque, standardised to 1 mm thickness (linear)60,00
%%50,0045,0040,0035,0030,0025,0020,0015,0010,005,000,0070,0060,0050,0040,0030,00The test results clearly show that,for plug gaskets with a cross section ofapprox. 2 × 2 mm, only a gasket materialwith high-grade properties can be considered,because this is able to maintainthe residual surface pressure.Ergebnisse Dickenverlust in % / result thickness loss in %nach Einbau normiert auf 1mm Dicke (linear) /after mounting standardised to 1mm thickness (linear)nach Testzyklus normiert auf 1mm Dicke (nur warmverf.) / after testcycle standardused to 1mm thickness (only hot compression)Further applications for high-resistanceKLINGERtop-chem 2000 withthreaded unionsIn addition to the examples describedin the above, the special advantages of thematerial are shown on the basis of furtherMaterial 1 Material 2 Material 3 Material 4 Material 5 Material 6 Material 7 High-Grade- Material 8 Material 9Materialapplications:Verlust an Drehmoment, normiert auf 1 mm Dicke (linear) /loss of torque, standardised to 1 mm thickness (linear)accompanied by a desire to extendthe inspection intervals to 5 yearsalong with great uncertainty thatleaks may not be discovered promptly.Tests were therefore run on the mostvaried solutions, and the KLINGERtop-chem-2000material was thenused.n In the case of solar collector installations,the threaded unions weresometimes exposed to very hightermperatures. Here, too, the stabilityof the gasket material was in thecritical conditions within the union.Resistance to changes in temperatureand the absence of material ageingare further key factors in favor ofthis material, in addition to the stabilityof the connection.7mm20,0010,000,001,41,210,80,60,40,20Material 1 Material 2 Material 3 Material 4 Material 5 Material 6 Material 7 High-Grade- Material 8 Material 9MaterialAusgangsdicke (zur Information) / origin thickness (for information)1,241,111,11 1,11,03 1,03 1,04Fig. 6: Flange connection with spring componentsFig. 7: Plug with gasket ring of KLINGERtop-chem-2000with a cross section of 2.1mm in width and 2.0 mm in thickness.0,70,850,49n In the district heating substations ofa well-known German energy supplier,the threaded unions are sealedby high-grade PTFE material alone.After a three-year test phase andwith experience now adding up tomore than 10 years, the results areso positive that no further risk isdeemed to exist. Previoulsy, servicepersonnel inspected all stations andwere required to check the tightnessof the connections in the distributionnetwork on an annual basis. Conversionto fully insulated stations wasExperience gained thus far showsthat, with high-performance gasket andsealing materials based on pressureresistantPTFE gasket materials, it is possibleto extend the limites governing theuse of threaded unions incorporatingsecurity. KLINGERtop-chem-2000 is theonly PTFE gasket material in this performanceclass, and can be obtained fromany good dealer. n
Page 1 and 2: KlingerNewsFebruary 2009www.klinger
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Page 9 and 10: of 0.01 mg/m*s, all that’s requir
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Page 13 and 14: Sustainabilityn The compact KLINGER
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