Managing Pines for Profit and Wildlife - Virginia Department of ...

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Prescribed BurningThe fifth decision is how to manage a stand after the firstthinning. Often, no management occurs after thinning operations.The one key ingredient to promoting wildlife, controlled understoryburning, is missing. Once fuel loads have declined to safelevels (usually one to two years following a thinning), allthinned acres should be burned. From this point on, burning 1 ⁄3of the existing acreage per year will maintain good hardwoodcontrol and high quality wildlife habitat. Any spring gobblerhunter worthy oftoting a gun, quail hunter deserving of owning a dog, or deerhunter worth the weight of a tree stand step doesn’t have to betold how beneficial understory burning is to wildlife. This is thespice that stimulates herbaceous growth, particularly legumes.This is the ingredient that makes the understory good foraginghabitat for turkey poults and quail chicks.Traditionally, understory burns were conducted during Januaryor February. In recent years, quail managers have experimentedwith growing season burning (early-May and August).Given Virginia’s weather patterns, these months may actuallybe more feasible than traditional winter months for accomplishinga burn. Growing season burns are also more effective at controllinghardwoods and encouraging herbaceous plant growth.Studies have shown that burning during these time periods hasno negative effect on bird populations, or subsequent huntingsuccess.Regardless of season, burns should be conducted on days ofbuilding high pressure. Air should be rising. Humidity shouldbe between 30% and 55%. Wind speed inside the stand shouldnot exceed 3 mph. Moisture of fine fuels should be 15% to 20%.Consult a contract burner, Department of Forestry or theDepartment of Game and Inland Fisheries for more details.Potential for cost-share exists.There are many small things that can be done to enhance afarm for wildlife, but focusing on improving the larger acreageslike pine plantations is the place to start. Planting properly, thinningand then managing the thinned stands with prescribedburn-ing will bring economic and wildlife benefits. You canreward your family both economically and spiritually by managingfor profit and wildlife.Twelve
(Photo Steve Capel)(Photo Dwight Dyke)▲Once a loblolly stand is thinned, hardwood competitionagain becomes a problem. Herbicides can be used, butmaintenance prescribed burning offers more wildlife benefits.Loblolly pines are fire-adapted and thrive under a burningregime. Abundant herbaceous wildlife food plants are alsoproduced. The resultant pine savannah is a wildlife mecca.(Photo Pat Keyser)Thirteen
Page 1 and 2: Wildlife Information Publication No
Page 3 and 4: MANAGING PINES FORPROFIT AND WILDLI
Page 5 and 6: % COVERAGE100806040OverstoryGround2
Page 7 and 8: # Birds & Bird SpeciesInsect Biomas
Page 9 and 10: Overstocked stands can beprecommerc
Page 11 and 12: VOLUME(thousands of board feet)▲C
Page 13: The Effect of ThinningBACKGROUND -
Page 17 and 18: (Photo Jim Mehring)Best Management
Page 19 and 20: COST-SHARE PROGRAMS FOR MANAGING FO

Managing Pines for Profit and Wildlife - Virginia Department of ...

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