Proceedings of a Workshop on the Development ... - World Fish Center

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COUNTRY CASE STUDY: CATFISH INDUSTRY IN CAMEROON 9INDUSTRY STRUCTUREResponsibility for developing the aquaculturesector is vested in the Ministry <strong>of</strong> Livestock,Fisheries and Animal Industries (MINEPIA)through the Department <strong>of</strong> Fisheries(DIRPEC). Aquaculture research falls withinthe competence <strong>of</strong> the Ministry <strong>of</strong> ScientificResearch and Innovation (MINRESI), moreprecisely in the Institute <strong>of</strong> AgriculturalResearch for Development (IRAD).There are 12 fish stations and 20 fishbreeding centers under MINEPIA (Table2). Each station constitutes the nucleus<strong>of</strong> activities in a given area and a number<strong>of</strong> breeding centers are attached to it.The fish stations were designed with theprimary objective <strong>of</strong> producing fingerlingsto support the development and expansion<strong>of</strong> aquaculture. Of these government fishstations and breeding centers, a largenumber are now in a state <strong>of</strong> disrepair orabandonment.According to Brummett (2007) in a recentcase study reviewing fish seed supply inCameroon, although these stations arelargely dysfunctional, some <strong>of</strong> the moreimportant <strong>of</strong> them possess considerableinfrastructure and potential for contributingto aquaculture development, if eitherproperly managed or transferred to theprivate sector. These include:• Ku-Bome, 35 ponds, 5.9 ha• Bamessing, 13 ponds, 1.5 ha• Bambui-Nkwen, 22 ponds, 1.7 ha• Foumban, 53 ponds, 3.5 ha• Yaounde, 14 ponds, 2.0 ha• Ngaoundere, 24 ponds, 4.0 ha• Bertoua, 42 ponds, 12.0 ha• Garoua-Boulai, 9 ponds, 4.2 haTable 2: Public breeding centers and fish culture stations under MINEPIAProvince Division Name <strong>of</strong> breeding center (C) or station (S)Adamaoua Vina Ngaoundere (S)MbereMeiganga (C)Mayo BanyoBanyo (C)Faro and DeoTignere (C)Center Mfoundi Yaounde (S)Dja and LoboSangmelima (C)Haute SanagaNanga-Eboko (C)LekieMonatele (C)Mbam InougouBafia (C)Nyong and MfoumouAkonolinga (C)Nyong and So’oMbalmayo (C)East Lom and Djerem Bertoua (S)KadeiBatouri (C)Haut-NyongDoume (C)Haut-NyongAbong-Mbang (C)Lom and DjeremBetare-Oya (S)Lom and DjeremGaroua-Boulai (C)Far-North Mayo Tsanaga Mokolo (S)Littoral Moungo Nkongsamba (S)MoungoMelongMoungoLoumSanaga MaritimeNdomNorth-West Ngo-Ketunja Bamessing (S)MezamBambui-Nkwen (S)MomoKu-Bome (S)MomoBatibo (C)West Mifi Bafoussam (S)MenouaDschang (C)BamboutosMbouda (C)NdeBangangte (C)NounFoumban (S)South Mvila Ebolowa (S)Dja and LoboSangmelima (C)
10 PROCEEDINGS OF A WORKSHOP ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF A GENETIC IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM FOR AFRICAN CATFISH CLARIAS GARIEPINUSAmong the catfish species, Clarias gariepinus,Clarias jaensis and Heterobranchus longifilisappear to be farmed the most. Clariasjaensis seeds are collected from the wild astechniques for artificial reproduction are yetto be established.As these government stations have failedto alleviate any <strong>of</strong> the main constraints onaquaculture, fish farmers have increasinglyturned to other suppliers for informationand fingerlings. Since the revision <strong>of</strong> thelaws covering the formation <strong>of</strong> farmergroups was lifted in 1990, over 90 NGOsand Common Initiative Groups dealing withagriculture and rural development, includingaquaculture, have sprung up. Many <strong>of</strong> these<strong>of</strong>fer technical advice on aquaculture, anda few have attempted to operate smallhatcheries to supply their members withseed. Unfortunately, the level <strong>of</strong> technologyused by these groups is minimal, andnone <strong>of</strong> the efforts to overcome the seedshortage have so far produced sustainableoutcomes.As a result <strong>of</strong> the failure <strong>of</strong> hatcheries tomeet the demand for fingerlings, mostfarmers buy or trade amongst themselves,or buy fingerling from fishers.The poor seed supply situation is exacerbatedby a lack <strong>of</strong> fish growers. Without a sufficientnumber <strong>of</strong> growers to buy fingerlings overthe course <strong>of</strong> a year, hatcheries cannot bepr<strong>of</strong>itable. On the other hand, if suitablefingerlings are not available when needed,producers cannot produce. Since 2002,the WorldFish Center, in conjunction withthe Government <strong>of</strong> Cameroon and a localNGO called Service d’Études et d’Appuiaux Populations à la Base (SEAPB), hasfocused attention on the linkage betweenmarkets, producers and hatcheries with theobjective <strong>of</strong> developing practical strategiesfor private-sector hatcheries, grow-outand marketing that can allow smaller-scaleproducers to participate, and possibly leadto growth <strong>of</strong> fish farming in and aroundthe urban markets <strong>of</strong> Central and WesternProvinces. At present, three private catfishhatcheries engaged in this joint project arethe main suppliers <strong>of</strong> high-quality fingerlingsin the country (Table 3).The total number <strong>of</strong> fingerlings traded isunknown, and government productionstatistics are unreliable because most fishare consumed in villages and do not reachurban markets where they might be counted.According to the WorldFish Center’s projectdatasets, approximately 15 tonnes <strong>of</strong> freshTable 3: Private catfish hatcheries known to be operating in Cameroon as <strong>of</strong> November 2005Farmer Location Species Facilities StatusNkoua, Bruno Nkoabang, Central Province Catfish Hatchery building + 7 ponds, Active9,000 m 2Diogne, Michel Batié, West Province Catfish Hatchery building + 6 ponds, Active2,400 m 2Ndoumou, Antoine Nkolmesseng, Central Province Catfish 1 pond + 8 tanks, 2,500 m 2 ActiveWouanji, Jean Bandjoun, West Province Catfish 3 ponds, 900 m 2 StartupYoudom, Bernard Batié-Nsoh, West Province Catfish 10 ponds, 5,000 m 2 StartupTamo, David Bafoussam, West Province Catfish 6 ponds, 1,200 m 2 StartupAwoa, Lucien Yemssoa, Central Province Catfish Hatchery building + 5 ponds, Startup3,200 m 2Tabi, Abodo Mbankomo, Central Province Tilapia, Hatchery building + 19 ponds, Dormantcatfish 9,500 m 2Yene, Joseph Nkoabang (Lada), Central Province Catfish 12 ponds, 360 m 2 PeriodicYong-Sulem, Steve Mbankolo, Central Province Catfish 23 ponds, 2,100 m 2 PeriodicNoupimbong, Maurice Bapi, West Province Catfish, 6 ponds, 700 m 2 PeriodictilapiaOben, Benedicta Buea, SW Province Catfish Hatchery building + 5 Periodicconcrete tanksEbanda, Jeanne Mbandoum, Central Province Tilapia 17 ponds, 7,000 m 2 Dormant(From: Brummett 2007)
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CLARIAS CATFISH: BIOLOGY, ECOLOGY,
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REPRODUCTIVE AND GROWOUT MANAGEMENT
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LIST OF PARTICIPANTS 117George Owit
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WORKSHOP PROGRAM 119ANNEX BWORKSHOP
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