Hawkins went on tograduate from NewEngland School <strong>of</strong><strong>Law</strong> in 1964 andbecame a member<strong>of</strong> The <strong>Florida</strong> Barin 1977. Because <strong>of</strong>his efforts to desegregate the state universitysystem, more than 12,000 African-Americans have since earned degrees atthe <strong>University</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Florida</strong>.“Virgil Hawkins and the other students<strong>of</strong> color who followed demonstratedremarkable personal courage andpersistence,” said Robert Jerry, dean and<strong>Levin</strong> Mabie and <strong>Levin</strong> Pr<strong>of</strong>essor <strong>of</strong> <strong>Law</strong>.“Today, UF has a more diverse studentbody, one that more closely matches thepopulation <strong>of</strong> <strong>Florida</strong> and the nation.”The 50 th anniversary <strong>of</strong> desegregationwas celebrated at UF on Sept. 15,and the civil rights pioneers responsiblefor changing the course <strong>of</strong> history for minoritystudents were honored during theuniversity’s Constitution Day Programhosted by the <strong>Levin</strong> <strong>College</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Law</strong> onSept. 17. The program featured a presentationby Harley Herman, Esq. (JD 78)<strong>of</strong> de Beaubien, Knight, Simmons, Mantzaris& Neal on the life and legacy <strong>of</strong>Virgil Hawkins.“In reality, Virgil Hawkins neverexpected to be the Rosa Parks <strong>of</strong> <strong>Florida</strong> orhis admission to the UF’s <strong>College</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Law</strong>to be the Ft. Sumter <strong>of</strong> civil liberties,” saidHerman, the attorney who laid the groundworkto recognize and honor Hawkins.The program also included a paneldiscussion on the federal constitutionalissues in law school desegregation withKenneth Nunn, pr<strong>of</strong>essor <strong>of</strong> law; Herman;Juan Perea, Cone Wagner NugentJohnson, Hazouri and Roth Pr<strong>of</strong>essor <strong>of</strong><strong>Law</strong>; and Stephan P. Mickle, U.S. DistrictJudge, U.S. District Court, Northern District<strong>of</strong> <strong>Florida</strong>.George H. Starke Jr. addressed theaudience during the program and saidthat even though he had never met VirgilHawkins, he appreciates the sacrifice hemade. “Virgil Hawkins made it possiblefor me to attend law school,” Starke said.“He made it all possible.”Hawkins’ niece, Harriet Livingston,also addressed the audience, tellingthem that Hawkins’ faith providedhim with patience and perseverance.“Only those who see the invisible cando the impossible,” said Livingston.“Virgil Hawkins taught us not to judge aperson by the color <strong>of</strong> their skin, but bythe content <strong>of</strong> their character.”At the close <strong>of</strong> the program Dean RobertJerry reminded the audience to rememberthe heroic efforts <strong>of</strong> Virgil Hawkins, GeorgeH. Starke Jr., W. George Allen and StephanMickle. “As we leave today, we leave withthe inspiration to do good and rememberthe struggle <strong>of</strong> those who came before us.”W. George Allen (JD 63) enrolled inlaw school in September 1960, and becamethe first African-American law studentto graduate from UF <strong>Law</strong>. UF <strong>Law</strong> haschanged greatly in the years since Hawkins,Allen, Starke and Mickle attended.Allen said that the biggest change he’sseen in UF <strong>Law</strong> was “the proliferation <strong>of</strong>minority and women students.”Allen is a former president <strong>of</strong> the NationalBar Association, and he and wife,Enid, are major contributors to the UFCenter for the Study <strong>of</strong> Race and RaceRelations. Allen serves as a member <strong>of</strong>the UF Foundation Board <strong>of</strong> Directors,and the college’s Black <strong>Law</strong> StudentAssociation is named in his honor.“When I started there I was the onlyblack and there were only two women.Now the class is more diverse and it representssociety — but I started in 1960,”said Allen. “Now, the law school is morein tune to the population. The diversityhas been good for the school.” ■GEORGE H. STARKE JR.In his own wordsNo one will ever know how much it meantto me to participate in the ConstitutionDay Program, and to have the opportunityto tell the story <strong>of</strong> some <strong>of</strong> my experiences at thelaw school and at UF in the first days… . Theseexperiences were unique.I mentioned to someone earlier that whileI would have come to school at UF in anyevent once the laws changed, I have longthought it would have been better for me as anindividual just to have had the normal strugglesto contend with… . UF had a 105-year history<strong>of</strong> segregation when I first came, and I have tothink on reflection that was more difficult to copewith than I anticipated — not because <strong>of</strong> thefew threats, but because <strong>of</strong> the intangibles andsubtleties.I tried to conduct myself as simply anotherstudent, and tried to block out all thoughts aboutthe historical implications <strong>of</strong> my being there. I12 UF LAW
Early newspaperaccounts <strong>of</strong> George H.Starke Jr.’s first day atthe UF <strong>College</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Law</strong>on Sept. 15, 1958, andhis eventual departureafter three semesters.FAST FACTS■ 1946-1958: 85 black students apply to the <strong>University</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Florida</strong>and are denied admission.■ 1949: Virgil Hawkins and William T. Lewis are denied admissionto UF <strong>College</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Law</strong>.■ 1954: Brown v. Board <strong>of</strong> Education decided by the U.S.Supreme Court. In a companion decision, the court orders the<strong>University</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Florida</strong> to admit Virgil Hawkins. The state resists theruling. Virgil Hawkins brings his case before the <strong>Florida</strong> SupremeCourt five times and the U.S. Supreme Court four times.■ 1957: <strong>Florida</strong> Supreme Court upholds Virgil Hawkins’ denial <strong>of</strong>admission. Justice Stephen O’Connell, who later served as UF’spresident, concurs in the decision.■ 1958: Hawkins withdraws his application to the UF <strong>College</strong><strong>of</strong> <strong>Law</strong> in exchange for the desegregation <strong>of</strong> UF graduate andpr<strong>of</strong>essional schools.■ 1958: George H. Starke is the first African-American to beadmitted to UF’s <strong>College</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Law</strong>.■1959: <strong>College</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Law</strong> celebrates 50th anniversary.■1962: W. George Allen is the first African-American to receive adegree from the UF <strong>College</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Law</strong>.■1965: Stephan Mickle is the first African-American to earn anundergraduate degree from UF, later earning his law degree fromUF in 1970.■Today: In fall 2007, 51,725 students were enrolled at the<strong>University</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Florida</strong>, including approximately 4,300 African-Americans, 6,000 Hispanics and 3,800 Asians.■Today: 2008 <strong>Levin</strong> <strong>College</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Law</strong> minority representation: 25.4percent. This includes Asian, 8.56 percent; African-American, 5.79percent; Hispanic 10.57 percent; and Native American 0.5 percent.wanted to be treated just like everyone else,and… I think in the main I was, although Icannot be 100 percent certain. Fred <strong>Levin</strong>and others in my class would know moreabout that than I, since they also knowwhether anything changed in how theywere treated following our third semester.My plan (upon leaving law school afterthe third semester) had been to reapply inabout five years or so, but it took longerthan that to get the negative experiencesout <strong>of</strong> my system, and even longer to get toa point where I could even talk about it… .Five years became 10, and 10 became 20,and life intervened. So, I did not reapply ordecide to go elsewhere.I participated on a panel (during theConstitution Day activities at UF), with oneperson from each <strong>of</strong> the decades from the50s through the 90s. It was very interestingto note how matters emerged and evolvedat UF over time, with changes in bothculture and leadership at institutionaland community levels. I think Governor[Leroy] Collins and Dr. [John W.] Reitzset a tone for UF and the state — beforeand after I was there, which contributedfor a long time to the climate and generalatmosphere in which minority students,and all others, were able to grow, toorganize, to express themselves and towork for what they wanted the <strong>University</strong><strong>of</strong> <strong>Florida</strong> to become. I was on the AlumniBoard <strong>of</strong> Directors a few years, and hadthe opportunity to vote to establish theAssociation <strong>of</strong> Black Alumni. I know therenow to be any number <strong>of</strong> such organizationson the various campuses.Finally, thank you again for theinvitation and the opportunity to participatein the <strong>Levin</strong> <strong>College</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Law</strong> Constitution DayProgram…. . I am glad I had an opportunityto learn more about the life and times <strong>of</strong> Mr.Hawkins. I knew bits and pieces but wasimpressed with his story.I appreciate his call now more than ever.—George H. StarkeExcerpted from correspondence to Dean RobertJerry dated Sept. 25, 2008“I tried toconduct myselfas simplyanother student,and tried toblock out allthoughts aboutthe historicalimplications <strong>of</strong>my being there.”George H. Starke Jr.stands before a plaquecommemorating a magnoliatree recently planted in hishonor in front <strong>of</strong> the Virgil D.Hawkins Civil Clinic at the<strong>Levin</strong> <strong>College</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Law</strong>.FALL 2008 13
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Financial SummaryOF GIVING JULY 1,
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I loved my time at UF as an undergr
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John M. GilliesDaniel J. GlassmanMa
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Gary L. & Suzanne Printy*J. Stephen
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M. Stephen Smith IIIRodney W. Smith
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NOTAS BENEFaculty Scholarship & Act
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NOTAS BENEAlyson FlournoyUF Researc
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NOTAS BENE■ Presented “When the
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UP AND COMINGUF Law Student Wins Di