W. Dexter Douglass (LLB 55),<strong>of</strong> the Douglass <strong>Law</strong> Firm inTallahassee, Fla., served asGore’s lead <strong>Florida</strong> counsel inthe litigation following <strong>Florida</strong>’s2000 presidential election.“The combination <strong>of</strong> antiquated voting systemsand antiquated voting laws put us in a positionwhen we became pivotal to the election.”by the deadline. Although the deadlinewas ruled to be immutable by a <strong>Florida</strong>Circuit Court, the court also ruled thecounties conducting manual recountscould amend their returns later and thatSecretary <strong>of</strong> State Katherine Harris, thestate’s chief election <strong>of</strong>ficer, had thediscretion to accept those amendmentsafter the deadline.Nonetheless, at the close <strong>of</strong> businesshours on Nov. 14, Harris announced shewas in receipt <strong>of</strong> certified returns fromall 67 counties, although three were stillconducting manual recounts. She alsoreleased criteria by which she wouldaccept amended filings and requiredthose counties intending to make one tosubmit a written statement outlining thecircumstances compelling them to do so.Broward, Dade, Palm Beach and Volusiacounties submitted written statements,but Harris determined none <strong>of</strong> themwarranted an extension <strong>of</strong> the deadline.She certified the election on Nov. 18.The Gore legal team immediatelyprotested in <strong>Florida</strong> courts, a moveDouglass advised against.“My suggestion early on was thatthey should allow the secretary <strong>of</strong> stateto certify the election and then contest it.Instead <strong>of</strong> choosing a recount, you couldchoose a contest statute, which wouldimmediately place the question <strong>of</strong> astatewide recount under the jurisdiction<strong>of</strong> the courts,” said Douglass. “ButKlain [Gore Chief <strong>of</strong> Staff Ron Klain]and others said, ‘Well, it had alreadybeen determined that we would go withrecounts in these four counties.’ ”Despite Douglass’ recommendation,Gore directed his legal team to pursueextending the certification deadline toallow the counties to complete theirrecounts. This litigation would laterprove to run the clock out on Gore’sfuture contest <strong>of</strong> the vote.“Had they allowed me to certifyon time, there would have been timefor the statewide recount,” KatherineHarris stated in a June 2, 2008, interviewon FOX News Channel’s Hannity &Colmes. “His [Gore’s] political teamwas concerned that… would harm himpolitically. So he listened to his politicaladvisers instead <strong>of</strong> Dexter Douglass, his<strong>Florida</strong> counsel, who said that, indeed,<strong>Florida</strong> 2000RECOUNT TIMELINESource: CNN, Dec. 13, 2000NOVEMBER 7: Election Day.November 8: Democraticpresidential candidate Al Goremakes an early morning callto Republican candidateGeorge W. Bush to concede,then calls back to retract hisconcession based on newestimates <strong>of</strong> a statistical tiebetween the two men.November 9: Gore’s team, ledby former U.S. Secretary <strong>of</strong> StateWarren Christopher, requests ahand recount <strong>of</strong> ballots in four<strong>Florida</strong> counties — Palm Beach,Dade, Broward and Volusia.NOVEMBER 10: The <strong>Florida</strong>machine recount is completed.Un<strong>of</strong>fi cial Associated Pressresults give Bush a lead <strong>of</strong>327 votes out <strong>of</strong> nearly 6million cast.NOVEMBER 12: Palm BeachCounty <strong>of</strong>fi cials vote toconduct a full hand recount<strong>of</strong> presidential votes; VolusiaCounty begins its own handcount; Bush’s legal team,headed by former Secretary<strong>of</strong> State James Baker, goes t<strong>of</strong>ederal court seeking to blockmanual recounts.NOVEMBER 14: <strong>Florida</strong>Secretary <strong>of</strong> state KatherineHarris delays certification<strong>of</strong> the state’s votes until 2p.m. EST Nov. 15 so threeheavily Democratic countiescan explain why they shouldconduct hand recounts <strong>of</strong>their ballots.NOVEMBER 15: Harris saysshe will not accept further handrecounts and asks the <strong>Florida</strong>Supreme Court to order the halt<strong>of</strong> manual recounts; BrowardCounty decides to begin a handrecount; AP estimates shrinkBush’s lead to only 286 votes.NOVEMBER 21: The <strong>Florida</strong>Supreme Court orders hand countsto continue, and gives counties fivedays to complete them.NOVEMBER 23: Miami-DadeCounty <strong>of</strong>ficials stop their handrecount because they do not feelthey could complete the recountbefore the Nov. 26 deadline givenby the <strong>Florida</strong> Supreme Court.16 UF LAW
I should certify in time according to thewill <strong>of</strong> law and as the law was written.”The case, the first Gore v. Harris,eventually arrived on the docket <strong>of</strong> the<strong>Florida</strong> Supreme Court, which ruledon Nov. 21 that the recount would takeplace, that amended returns must beaccepted from the counties that wereparty to the case, and that Harris couldnot certify the election until Nov. 26.“We made a statutory constructionanalysis <strong>of</strong> the law, and we found therewere ambiguities in the statute whichrequired there to be a construction thatwould permit the intent <strong>of</strong> the statute tobe carried out,” said <strong>Florida</strong> SupremeCourt Justice Charles T. Wells (JD 64),who was chief justice at the time.The ruling was appealed to the U.S.Supreme Court in Bush v. Palm BeachCounty Canvassing Board. The SupremeCourt remanded it back to the <strong>Florida</strong>Supreme Court on Dec. 4 with a requestfor an explanation <strong>of</strong> how it reached itsruling.“The United States Supreme Courtmade a determination that it was not amatter <strong>of</strong> statutory construction understate law, but that the federal scheme forelecting presidential electors gave to theLegislature plenary power to make thedetermination as to how the selection<strong>of</strong> electors was going to be done,” saidWells. “They remanded the case to us,saying that they did not understand thebasis upon which we reached the decisionto extend the time for the certification.”Meanwhile, Harris, pursuant to the<strong>Florida</strong> Supreme Court’s order in Gorev. Harris, certified the election resultson Nov. 26 in which Bush was thevictor with a lead <strong>of</strong> 537 votes. Gore’sStephen N. Zack (JD 71) inhis downtown Miami <strong>of</strong>fice.team then filed a petition contesting theelection, the second Gore v. Harris. Thecase moved through circuit and districtcourts to the <strong>Florida</strong> Supreme Court,which ruled on Dec. 8 that a statewiderecount would proceed with a deadlinefor completion <strong>of</strong> Dec. 12. That date wasthe federal “safe-haven” deadline for“We as a people are fully committed to the constitutionalelectoral process and, at all times, were goingto turn to our lawyers and not to our generals.”NOVEMBER 24: To thesurprise <strong>of</strong> many observers,the U.S. Supreme Court agreesto hear Bush’s appeal <strong>of</strong> the<strong>Florida</strong> high court ruling inBush vs. Palm Beach CountyCanvassing Board allowinghand recounts to proceed.NOVEMBER 26: Harriscertifi es the results <strong>of</strong> the<strong>Florida</strong> vote after the <strong>Florida</strong>Supreme Court deadlineexpires, giving Bush a 537-vote lead over Gore, but thesedo not include results fromPalm Beach County, whichcompleted its manual recountabout two hours after thedeadline.NOVEMBER 27: Gore’s lawyersmove to contest the <strong>Florida</strong>result in a circuit court inTallahassee.NOVEMBER 30: <strong>Florida</strong>lawmakers vote along party linesto recommend a special sessionto name electors if the electioncontest is not resolved by Dec.12, six days before the Electoral<strong>College</strong> meets. The Republicanledlegislature is expected toname electors pledged to Bush.DECEMBER 1: In Bush vs. PalmBeach County Canvassing Board,the U.S. Supreme Court hearsoral arguments over whether the<strong>Florida</strong> Supreme Court oversteppedits authority by ordering Harris toinclude the manual recounts incertified state results.DECEMBER 4: The U.S. SupremeCourt asks the <strong>Florida</strong> SupremeCourt to explain its reasoning inextending the hand recounts,returning the case to Tallahasseeand putting <strong>of</strong>f any action in Bush’sappeal objecting to the recounts.DECEMBER 8: In a decisiondivided 4-3, the <strong>Florida</strong> SupremeCourt in Gore vs. Harris ordersmanual recounts in all countieswith significant numbers <strong>of</strong>presidential undervotes; Bushappeals the decision to theU.S. Supreme Court and seeksinjunctive relief to stop the handrecounts.DECEMBER 9: The U.S. SupremeCourt, in a 5 to 4 ruling, halts themanual recounts and sets a hearingon the matter two days later.DECEMBER 11: Arguments areheard by the U.S. Supreme Courtin Bush vs. Gore.DECEMBER 12: The U.S.Supreme Court, in a 5 to 4 rulingin Bush vs. Gore, puts an end tothe <strong>Florida</strong> recount. The rulingcoincides with the Dec. 12 “safehaven” deadline. Gore <strong>of</strong>ficiallyconcedes the election to Bushshortly thereafter.FALL 2008 17
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- Page 47 and 48: CLASS NOTESShare your newsThe e-mai
- Page 49 and 50: The magic touchDerek Bruce (JD/MBA
- Page 51 and 52: COURTROOM SKETCH COURTESY OF DANA V
- Page 53 and 54: Making the cut Scott Sheftall (JD 7
- Page 55 and 56: A man of firstsAlfredo Garcia (JD 8
- Page 57 and 58: Pro bono pays offJason Lazarus (JD
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John M. GilliesDaniel J. GlassmanMa
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While on our life’s journey, we m
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Gary L. & Suzanne Printy*J. Stephen
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Greg & Sonya BrownJoshua R. & Monic
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Ross T. & Silvana LessackChauncey W
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As a May 2006 graduate, I spent hal
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M. Stephen Smith IIIRodney W. Smith
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Douglas A. SmithH. Bradley StaggsGe
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Enrichment SocietySara S. BeckerJoh
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PartnersDavid H. PeekJohn J. Scrogg
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NOTAS BENEFaculty Scholarship & Act
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NOTAS BENEAlyson FlournoyUF Researc
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NOTAS BENE■ Presented “When the
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