<strong>ENRICHED</strong> <strong>INDEXED</strong> <strong>CATEGORIES</strong> 6252.14. Theorem. Let V be an S-indexed symmetric monoidal category with indexed products,and indexed coproducts preserved by ⊗. Then the following are equivalent.(i) Each fiber V X is closed symmetric monoidal and each restriction functor f ∗ is closedsymmetric monoidal. This means that for B, C ∈ V X we have V X (B, C) ∈ V Xand isomorphismsV X (A ⊗ X B, C) ∼ = V X ( A, V X (B, C) ) ,natural in A, and moreover the canonical mapsare isomorphisms.f ∗ V Y (B, C) −→ V X (f ∗ B, f ∗ C) (2.15)(ii) For any B ∈ V Yand C ∈ V X×Y , we have a V [Y ] (B, C) ∈ V X and isomorphismsV X×Y (A ⊗ B, C) ∼ )= V(A, X V [Y ] (B, C)natural in A, and moreover the resulting canonical mapsare isomorphisms.f ∗ V [Y ] (B, C) −→ V [Y ] (B, (f × 1) ∗ C)(iii) For any B ∈ V Y and C ∈ V X we have a V (B, C) ∈ V X×Y and isomorphismsV X (A ⊗ [Y ] B, C) ∼ = V X×Y (A, V (B, C)) (2.16)natural in A, and moreover the resulting canonical mapsare isomorphisms.(f × g) ∗ V (B, C) → V (g ∗ B, f ∗ C)When these conditions hold, we say that V is closed.Proof. The relationships between the three kinds of hom-functors areV X (B, C) ∼ ( = V[X]B, ∆ X∗ C ) ∼ = ∆∗X V (B, C)V (B, C) ∼ ( = VY ×XπX ∗ B, π∗ Y C) ∼ ( = V[Y ]B, ∆ Y ∗ πY ∗ C)V [Y ] (B, C) ∼ = πY ∗ V ( X×Y πX ∗ B, C) ∼ = πY ∗ ∆ ∗ Y V (B, C).Checking that the canonical maps coincide is an exercise in diagram chasing. The equivalenceof (i) and (ii) can be found in [Shu08].
626 MICHAEL SHULMANWhen the conditions of Theorem 2.14 hold, we say that V is closed. We call V X (−, −)the fiberwise hom, V (−, −) the external hom, and V [X] (−, −) the canceling hom.2.17. Example. If V is complete and cocomplete closed symmetric monoidal with internalhomsV(−, −), then Fam(V) is closed; we have( )V X (B, C) = V(B x , C x )x∈X( )∏V [Y ] (B, C) = V(B y , C x,y )y∈Yx∈X( )V (B, C) = V(B x , C y ) .x∈X,y∈Y2.18. Example. Self (S) is closed just when S is locally cartesian closed.2.19. Remark. The construction of the canceling hom from the fiberwise or externalhom, and vice versa, do require indexed products as assumed. This is natural whenlooking at Example 2.17, in which the canceling hom involves a product whereas theother two do not.On the other hand, the definitions of the fiberwise and external homs in terms ofeach other do not require any indexed products or coproducts, although the adjunctionisomorphism (2.16) does require indexed coproducts since it involves the canceling tensorproduct. Thus, in the absence of any completeness or cocompleteness conditions on V ,we should define closedness by (i), and we are free to use the external hom defined byV (B, C) = V Y ×X (πX ∗ B, π∗ Y C), although not its universal property (2.16). (In fact, theexternal hom does have a universal property even in the absence of indexed coproducts,but we defer mention of it until §11, where it will seem more natural.)Classically, the tensor product in a closed monoidal category preserves colimits in eachvariable. It is similarly immediate that the tensor product in an indexed closed monoidalcategory preserves fiberwise colimits in each variable, while for indexed colimits we have:2.20. Lemma. If V is closed and has indexed coproducts, then its indexed coproducts arepreserved by ⊗.Proof. The morphism (2.11) is a mate of (2.15), such that each is an isomorphism if andonly if the other is.We can also define combination fiberwise/external/canceling products and homs, whichsatisfy a more symmetric-looking adjunction. If A ∈ V X×Y ×Z , B ∈ V Y ×Z×W , andC ∈ V X×Y ×W , then we define( )A ⊗ Y,[Z] B = π Z! ∆ ∗ Y ×Z A ⊗ B ∼ = πZ! (πW ∗ A ⊗ X×Y ×Z×W πXB)∗V Y,[W ] (B, C) = π W ∗ ∆ ∗ Y ×W V (B, C) ∼ = π W ∗ V X×Y ×Z×W (π ∗ XB, π ∗ ZC).