Holiday Guide, Laws & CustomsNATIONALLiberator.Ithe etrog (which has both arefresh<strong>in</strong>g taste and smell,correspond<strong>in</strong>g to the Jew who isfull of Torah and mitzvot), to thearava (which has no smell or taste,correspond<strong>in</strong>g to the Jew who isdevoid of both Torah or mitzvot),and every one <strong>in</strong> between. All aretaken together <strong>in</strong> this mitzvah, andthe omission of any of the species<strong>in</strong>validates the mitzvah. Similarly,all <strong>Jews</strong> are important <strong>in</strong> ourservice to God, all are counted and<strong>in</strong>tegral to the group.Competent rabb<strong>in</strong>ic authoritymust be consulted whenpurchas<strong>in</strong>g these four items, all ofwhich are available from Jewishbook stores, synagogues and TheAleph Institute.Hoshanah Rabbah21 Tishrei (Oct. 3)Hoshanah Rabbah is the name ofthe seventh day of Sukkot, and isthe last day onwhich we canmake the bless<strong>in</strong>gon the shak<strong>in</strong>g ofthe Four K<strong>in</strong>ds.HoshanahRabbah is the f<strong>in</strong>al day on whichGod might change our <strong>in</strong>scriptionfor a good year. Although thegates of heaven have beenofficially closed at the conclusionof the Yom Kippur service, it is stillpossible for God to open them thisone last time on HoshanahRabbah, as we ask Him to do <strong>in</strong>our prayers on this day. It is acustom to beat a separatelywrapped bunch of 5 <strong>in</strong>dividualHoshannos (willow branches) onthe floor dur<strong>in</strong>g our prayers,driv<strong>in</strong>g away any harshjudgments. It is also customary tostay awake the night beforeHoshanah Rabbah to learnportions of the Torah and recitePsalms.Shem<strong>in</strong>i Atzeret, A Day ofCelebration 22 Tishrei (Oct 4)Shem<strong>in</strong>i Atzeret corresponds to theeighth day of the holiday ofSukkot, but is a separate andcomplete festival <strong>in</strong> itsown right. Rashi, oneof our greatestcommentators on theTorah, likened Shem<strong>in</strong>iAtzeret to the feast of ak<strong>in</strong>g presented for hisbeloved son. <strong>For</strong> a fullweek the k<strong>in</strong>g celebrated with hisentire k<strong>in</strong>gdom. After this week offestivities, the k<strong>in</strong>g said to his son,“It is difficult for me to part withyou. Please stay another day tocelebrate.” <strong>For</strong> seven days ofSukkot we brought 70 sacrifices <strong>in</strong>the Holy Temple on behalf of allthe nations. (“If the nations of theworld would have known thevalue of the Temple for them, theywould have surrounded it withfortresses <strong>in</strong> order to protect it” —Midrash Raba.) God set aside aneighth day of celebration, onwhich only one holiday sacrificewas offered — the one on behalf ofthe Jewish nation — and it becamea day of unique celebrationbetween God and His loyalchildren, the <strong>Jews</strong>.Shem<strong>in</strong>i Atzeret and the follow<strong>in</strong>gday, Simchat Torah (see below), areBiblically-mandated holidays andwork proscriptions apply. On theeves of both Shem<strong>in</strong>i Atzeret andSimchat Torah at the conclusion ofeven<strong>in</strong>g services, it is religiouslymandated that Jewish men andwomen celebrate the completion ofthe Torah by danc<strong>in</strong>g and Hakafotafter dark.Simchat Torah23 Tishrei (Oct 5)Outside the Land of Israel, SimchatTorah is celebrated the day afterShem<strong>in</strong>i Atzeret, total<strong>in</strong>g n<strong>in</strong>econsecutive days of festivities.Simcha denotes joy and greatrejoic<strong>in</strong>g; Simchat Torahliterally means“Rejoic<strong>in</strong>g with theTorah.” All of the Torahscrolls are brought outfrom the ark (when aTorah is not available apr<strong>in</strong>ted version of the five books ofMoses may be used <strong>in</strong>stead), andeveryone, scholars and laymenalike, dance around the shul,proudly tak<strong>in</strong>g turns clutch<strong>in</strong>g theholy Torah scrolls to their hearts.Everyone present becomespassionately <strong>in</strong>volved <strong>in</strong> the sevenHakafot, as these dances are called,as every Jew's <strong>in</strong>heritance <strong>in</strong>cludes alove for the holy Torah that Godgave us.The last portion of the Torahscroll is read and immediatelyafterwards the Torah beg<strong>in</strong>s aga<strong>in</strong>from the beg<strong>in</strong>n<strong>in</strong>g of Bereshit(Genesis). The joy of Simchat Torahis far greater than any delight wemay derive from <strong>in</strong>tellectualunderstand<strong>in</strong>g. Here aga<strong>in</strong>, weemphasize the sublime level of theJewish soul where we are all one. Intruth, one never f<strong>in</strong>ishes the learn<strong>in</strong>gof Torah. Its wisdom is <strong>in</strong>f<strong>in</strong>ite, and itis the eternal force that hasconnected the <strong>Jews</strong> to G-d for morethan 3,000 years.10VOL. XII NO. 1ELUL 5767-TISHREI 5768 / FALL 200710
NATIONALLiberator.IOFFICIALSSupportObservanceof HighHoly DaysThe follow<strong>in</strong>g is partial text of a memorandumwhich was sent to all wardens by the FederalBureau of Prisons <strong>in</strong> past years.We have <strong>in</strong>cluded this <strong>in</strong>formation <strong>in</strong> the NationalLiberator <strong>in</strong> order to clarify to Jewish <strong>in</strong>mates <strong>in</strong>State and County facilities that the Federal prisonsystem makes all the appropriate accommodationsfor the Jewish High Holy Days. This <strong>in</strong>formationshould help encourage state and county officials todo the same.This memorandum is <strong>in</strong>tended to provideguidel<strong>in</strong>es for plann<strong>in</strong>g an appropriatelevel of High Holyday observances for theJewish <strong>in</strong>mates <strong>in</strong> your <strong>in</strong>stitution. The<strong>in</strong>crease <strong>in</strong> the number of Orthodox Jewish<strong>in</strong>mates and their designations throughoutthe system <strong>in</strong>dicate the need for widercirculation of the guidel<strong>in</strong>es so that allconcerned can make <strong>in</strong>formed decisions us<strong>in</strong>gthe same guidel<strong>in</strong>es and procedures.Rosh HashanahThe Rosh Hashanah Observance beg<strong>in</strong>s atsundown, local time, on Elul 29. Tishrei 1-2 are days on which all work is prohibitedby Jewish law. Weekend days free from workare not transferred to week days. Jewish<strong>in</strong>mates mak<strong>in</strong>g a written request for thesedays off work should be accommodated.Opportunities for congregational worshipand fellowship should be provided on bothdays. Arrangements should be made for thesound<strong>in</strong>g of the Shofar on both days or RoshHashanah. This needs to be planned andannounced <strong>in</strong> advance, so that all Jewish<strong>in</strong>mates have the opportunity to hear thesound<strong>in</strong>g of the Shofar.Yom Kippur is observed by a total fast forapproximately 25 hours. The fast beg<strong>in</strong>s atsundown on Tishrei 9 and concludes an hourafter sundown on Tishrei 10. Because of theseverity of the fast, a substantial pre-fastmeal should be provided and a meal equal <strong>in</strong>nutrition to the missed meals should beprovided at the close of the fast.Work is prohibited. In addition to absta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>gfrom food and dr<strong>in</strong>k, it is forbidden to batheor wear leather shoes. Inmates who make therequest <strong>in</strong> writ<strong>in</strong>g may be provided canvasshoes and white uniforms to wear on that day.This festival is based on the commandment todwell <strong>in</strong> a sukkah, or temporary dwell<strong>in</strong>g, foreight days. In the community, <strong>Jews</strong> eat, visitand sometimes sleep <strong>in</strong> a specially built hutmade of wood and leaves. The festival beg<strong>in</strong>sat sundown on Tishrei 14 and concludes an hourafter sundown on Tishrei 23. Work isprohibited on Tishrei 15 and 16, 22 and 23. Itis appropriate to accommodate <strong>in</strong>mate requeststo construct a sukkah and to allow <strong>in</strong>mates touse the sukkah for personal or group prayer,fellowship and study dur<strong>in</strong>g the daylighthours. Inmates should also be authorized toeat a small morsel of matzo or bread <strong>in</strong> thesukkah, or to consume some of their mealsthere unless security concerns dictateotherwise. <strong>For</strong> security reasons, no <strong>in</strong>matesshould be authorized to sleep <strong>in</strong> the sukkah.Dur<strong>in</strong>g the holyday season, some <strong>in</strong>matesrequest furloughs <strong>in</strong> order to observe theholydays with loved ones. These are notspecifically religious furloughs, but socialfurloughs afford<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>mates the opportunityto be at home to celebrate with theirfamilies.#Yom KippurSukkotFurloughs11VOL. XII NO. 1ELUL 5767-TISHREI 5768 / FALL 200711