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West to East List of European Countries: La Tene History and R-U152StatusEurope todayBelow, each European country or region is listed with a description of known (viahistorical and archaeological sources) La Tene era movements, and later tribalconstellations. The best single source is An Atlas for Celtic Studies by John T. Koch(2007). Integrating archaeological, linguistic and historical evidence, this work showsarchaeological finds, Celtic place names, and tribal locations presented in a large multipagecolored road atlas format. Information will then be provided concerning:1) The percentage of R-M269 also known as “R1b” (old style), R1b2 (Karafet et al.(2008), R1b2a2 (ISOGG, 2008) reported in recent population genetics studies ofthese areas. In the vast majority of instances (based on recent unpublished work)R-M269 west of Poland and Italy is also noted by a downstream SNP known asR-P312/S116. It has been shown that R-M153, R-M167, and R-U152 are allsubclades of R-P312/S116. Furthermore, a new downstream SNP, L21/S145 hasbeen identified (and to date largely being of British and Irish ancestry), plus R-M222 (Irish “Niall haplogroup”) is downstream from this marker based on themost up to date evidence. This work is coming to the fore via the efforts ofgenetic genealogists with deCODEme and 23andME testing and analysis. Withthis half to one million SNP platform new findings are being made continually,14
whereupon Family Tree DNA and EthnoAncestry have created the necessaryprimers and offered these new markers for sale to the wider commercial geneticgenealogy market. It is via this approach that two new SNPs downstream of R-U152 have been found, L2/S139 and below this L20/S144. However R-U106 isancestral or negative on P312. U152 (published by Simms et al., 2007) wasoriginally known as S28 (when it was discovered by EthnoAncestry) and so thetwo terms are equivalent. Similarly the SNP designators U106 and S21 are thesame. Unless otherwise stated, the data presented here is from Pereici et al.(2005) with summary statistics from a variety of studies.2) Predictions in relation to the likely overall percentage of R-U152 in each countryand region.3) Actual academic research or commercial test findings relating to those found to beR-U152.The Importance of the SNP Markers L2/S139 and L20/S144Thanks to testing using the SNP array of the 23ANDme test, a new SNP was found, anddetermined by FTDNA to be downstream of U152. In their preliminary work (N=14)they found about 34% to be ancestral on this marker (L2 negative) and 66% to be derivedon L2 (positive). To date all but 2 of about 10 L2 negative have had Y-STR markerDYS492=14 repeats, and all who are L2 positive generally have 12 repeats (but nonewith 14). To date the “14 group” are found in significant numbers only in southernGermany, and appear to have more haplotype diversity (suggesting greater relative age)relative to the more numerous “12 group”. A tentative conclusion is that the “home”(point of origin) of the clades which exist today may be in Baden-Wurttemburg,Germany. Investigations of this valuable SNP are only in the most preliminary stage.L20/S144, downstream of L2/S139, has been observed in one Italian from the Swissborder region, and one person of East Anglian (England) ancestry (the present author).Preliminary findings suggest that of those who are L2/S139+, between about a third and aquarter will also be L20/S144+.SPAIN and PORTUGAL: It appears that Spain was but little touched by La Tene,either culturally or in terms of folk movements. This country has been something of anenigma to archaeologists attempting to trace the antecedents of the people known as theIberians as well as the CeltIberians. A growing consensus among researchers is that ingeneral the CeltIberian culture grew from indigenous groups with a process of culturaldiffusion serving to explain any similarities between Iberia and Central Europe.Haywood (2001) reported that, The earliest Celtic migration for which there is someevidence crossed the Pyrenees into the Iberian peninsula in the 7 th or 6 th century BC(p.36). Koch (2007) has reported a very strong similarity between the antennae hiltedswords of the 9 th to 7 th Centuries BC in southern France and northern Spain, and hasposited that this might be associated with the “Celticization” of Iberia. Konstam (2003)noted that in the 5 th Century BC, (unspecified) Celts from the “homeland” migrated westto Spain. Cunliffe (1997) stated that, despite the largely indigenous population of Iberia,The possibility that groups of La Tene Celts may have moved south into Celtiberian15
Page 1 and 2: A Genetic Signal of Central Europea
Page 3 and 4: Celtic prince being placed on a 9 f
Page 5 and 6: It is now that the Greek and Roman
Page 7 and 8: La Tene Migrations circa 400 BCThe
Page 9 and 10: stormed Delphi was Brennus, with Ca
Page 11 and 12: herbal remedies and magical formula
Page 13: and Ireland. The eastern locations,
Page 17 and 18: Beleza et al. (2005) published an e
Page 19 and 20: R-U152 findings - Very few Mainland
Page 21 and 22: in returning from the Danube area a
Page 23 and 24: NORWAY and SWEDEN: The possible mov
Page 25 and 26: predominant source here. For furthe
Page 27 and 28: Hallstatt and La Tene metalwork, an
Page 29 and 30: time of the invasions of Italy, the
Page 31 and 32: Baden-WurttembergThe map above show
Page 33 and 34: R-M269 percentages - Unfortunately
Page 35 and 36: mention of a Gallic people (p.114).
Page 37 and 38: AUSTRIA: This country was the homel
Page 39 and 40: also possible that R-U152 originate
Page 41 and 42: intervention led to a treaty in 228
Page 43 and 44: R-M269 percentages - Hungary has ab
Page 45 and 46: make any conclusions, especially si
Page 47 and 48: DYS426=12), then 22% were in the fo
Page 49: This document is a research study a

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