PackagingAmcor has used vacuum conveying technology on its new can line<strong>New</strong> Aluminium can line at WiriAnne Scott, M<strong>NZIFST</strong>Amcor Australasia has invested $40 million in its Wiri plant todouble production and bring new capability to the local beveragemarket.<strong>The</strong> installation <strong>of</strong> the new line gives <strong>New</strong> <strong>Zealand</strong> beverage producersaccess to innovative beverage can technologies not previously availablehere. <strong>The</strong>se include an eight colour print process, increased embossingcapabilities and the addition <strong>of</strong> the 500ml can size to the range.“State-<strong>of</strong>-the-art technology at the new plant will also provide greaterproduction volumes and speeds, enabling cans to be produced and deliveredfaster than ever before. With enhanced printing capabilities andhigh quality graphics, products will <strong>of</strong>fer originality and product breakthroughfor our <strong>New</strong> <strong>Zealand</strong> customers,” said Nigel Garrard, ManagingDirector <strong>of</strong> Amcor Australasia at the recent opening function.<strong>The</strong> Wiri site currently produces around 300 million aluminium cans ayear, accounting for around 70% <strong>of</strong> <strong>New</strong> <strong>Zealand</strong>’s beverage can production,and employs 77 co-workers. Production capacity is expectedto double when the new line becomes fully operational, which maylead to additional local employment opportunities over time. Amcorare pleased to <strong>of</strong>fer local production <strong>of</strong> Amcor’s entire range <strong>of</strong> bever-age cans which reduces environmental impacts associated with importingfrom <strong>of</strong>f shore. <strong>The</strong>y believe that ongoing access to the localproduction team at Wiri is a distinct benefit for customers.Commenting more broadly on the future <strong>of</strong> the manufacturing sector,Mr Garrard added that investment in innovation was critical to achievingthe productivity improvements that the packaging sector needs.“Delivering globally-competitive capabilities more efficiently to <strong>New</strong><strong>Zealand</strong> beverage customers will help them continue to drive innovationand stay ahead <strong>of</strong> their local and global competitors,” he added.Developments at WiriAmcor’s Wiri beverage can plant has seen a number <strong>of</strong> product additionsover the years. <strong>The</strong> large 500ml can is the newest addition to therange which now includes a broad variety <strong>of</strong> cans to suit product andmarket.<strong>The</strong> new production facility is set to revolutionise the way Amcor makeand decorate cans. <strong>The</strong> eight-colour process for can printing <strong>of</strong>fers clientsthe flexibility to tailor the colours and inks used in the productdesign process and increased embossing capabilities are available t<strong>of</strong>urther enhance pack design.24Food <strong>New</strong> <strong>Zealand</strong>
PackagingAbout aluminium beverage cansAluminium has been used for beverage cans since 1960, initially for frozen juiceconcentrate. Reynolds Metals Co, now part <strong>of</strong> Pittsburgh-based Alcoa, made inroadsinto the marketplace with its easy-open aluminium can lids in 1961. Thisaccelerated the development and commercial use <strong>of</strong> aluminium cans for the beerand s<strong>of</strong>t drink markets. By 1963, 12 fluid ounce aluminium beverage cans werebeginning to be produced in larger quantities and in 1967 that volume grew significantlywhen Coca Cola and Pepsi converted to aluminium cans.In the 1990’s the growth <strong>of</strong> demand for aluminium cans began to slow with PETand glass both building market share. However, in the last decade the success <strong>of</strong>energy drinks in aluminium cans has served to rebuild the market.Within the past decade, the wall thickness <strong>of</strong> the can has been reducedso considerably that its metal content has been cut in half,while end diameter has been reduced as a means <strong>of</strong> reducingthe cost <strong>of</strong> the overall container.<strong>The</strong> Japanese have introduced an aluminium bottle,known as the bottlecan - and it has been very successfulin that country. Consumers in Japan have embraced itbecause it is resealable (and resealability has been one <strong>of</strong>the major advantages <strong>of</strong> PET bottles over the aluminiumcan).<strong>The</strong> aluminium bottle was first invented about 20 yearsago. But that was a three piece bottle while today’s technologyallows for a two piece bottle.<strong>The</strong> aluminium can is the fastest chilling beverage containerand is very effective at maintaining the fizz <strong>of</strong> thebeverage until it is opened. Other advantages includestackability, cost, filling speed, the ability to advertise directlyon the can and more efficient use <strong>of</strong> shelf space.Also, aluminium cans contain significant (70%) recycledcontent, which is much more than any other beveragecontainer material. PET bottles, for example only useabout 10% recycled content, he said, although there aremoves to increase the recycled content <strong>of</strong> plastic bottles.Can makingprocesses<strong>The</strong> aluminium beverage can consists<strong>of</strong> two pieces — the can bodyand the can end (or lid).Aluminium sheet metal is suppliedin rolls, which are unrolled onto aflat conveyor. First step in the processis lubricating the rolling sheet<strong>of</strong> metal with a thin film <strong>of</strong> watersolublelubricant on both sides <strong>of</strong>the aluminium sheet. Lubricationallows the metal to flow smoothlyover the tooling surfaces during theforming processes that follow.Metal forming begins in a machinecalled a cupping press. <strong>The</strong>press cuts circular discs from thealuminium sheet and forms theminto cups. <strong>The</strong> cups drop from thepress onto the cup conveyor. <strong>The</strong>setwo metal-forming operations arecalled “blank and draw” and areperformed at speeds ranging from2,500 to 3,750 cups per minute.<strong>The</strong> scrap (or skeleton) aluminiumleft over from these operations isremoved from the production linefor recycling.<strong>The</strong> cup conveyer moves the cupsto one <strong>of</strong> a series <strong>of</strong> bodymakerswhere the can is made. Eachbodymaker contains a tool calleda punch, which forms the shape <strong>of</strong>the can by forcing the cup througha series <strong>of</strong> progressively smallercircular ironing rings. This actionliterally draws the metal up the sides<strong>of</strong> the punch, ironing it into a canbody. As the cup is forced throughthe rings, its diameter is reduced, itswalls are thinned and its height isincreased. At the end <strong>of</strong> the punchstroke, the bottom is formed intoa dome shape that strengthensthe bottom <strong>of</strong> the can. During thisprocess, referred to as wall ironing,the can must be lubricatedto reduce frictional heat. This is ahigh-speed process producing 1,500to 2,700 can bodies per minute. <strong>The</strong>lubricant is constantly recirculatedthrough a filter and reused.Once released from the bodymaker,the top <strong>of</strong> the can is trimmed mechanicallyto a uniform height, andthe trimmed-<strong>of</strong>f scrap is recycled.<strong>The</strong> can bodies are conveyedthrough a washer that removes theforming lubricants before the application<strong>of</strong> the outside decoration (orlabel) and inside protective coating.December 2011/January 2012 25