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Table 1: Values of the cultural heritage, travel and tourism, and sustainable developmentconsidered indicators for the Central and Eastern Europe countries in 2009-2010Countries WHS ITA ITRT&TIGDPT&TIEmpT&TEGDPT&TEEmpGDP/ capInvEnergIntEmpRateBulgaria 7 5.74 3.73 1.57 86 5.95 324 3500 0.00 853.77 65.4Czech Rep 13 6.03 6.49 3.68 92 21.43 473 11400 24.45 531.94 70.4Estonia 2 1.97 1.09 0.65 17 2.89 73 8300 19.45 678.77 66.7Hungary 7 9.06 5.63 4.03 183 9.77 263 8800 17.47 419.52 60.4Latvia 2 1.32 0.72 0.41 12 1.62 49 5600 19.52 372.94 65.0Lithuania 4 1.34 1.09 0.43 12 2.09 57 6700 16.06 361.81 64.4Poland 12 11.89 9.01 7.99 254 35.71 1054 8100 19.87 373.86 64.6Romania 6 1.27 1.23 3.41 267 9.01 519 4200 22.74 588.93 63.3Slovakia 5 1.30 2.34 1.53 35 9.89 206 8900 22.18 509.02 64.6Slovenia 0 1.80 2.51 1.39 30 6.49 117 15300 21.60 259.20 70.3Notes: WHS – Number of the cultural sites on the UNESCO World Heritage List (2010); ITA –International Tourist Arrivals (2009; millions); ITR – International Tourism Receipts (2009; US$ billions);T&TI GDP – Travel & Tourism Industry contribution to the formation of GDP (2010; US$ billions); T&TIEmp – Travel & Tourism Industry contribution in terms of employment (2010; thousand jobs); T&TE GDP– Travel & Tourism Economy contribution to the formation of GDP (2010; US$ billions); T&TE Emp –Travel & Tourism Economy contribution in terms of employment (2010; thousand jobs); GDP / cap –Gross Domestic Product per capita (2010; €/capita); Inv – Share of the total investments of thegovernment, businesses, and households in the GDP (2010; % in GDP); EnergInt - |Energy Intensity of theEconomy (2010; in Kilograms Oil Equivalent / thousand €); EmpRate – Employment Rate of thepopulation aged 20-64 (%).The assessment of the relationships between the cultural heritage and the development of thetravel and tourism industry reveal the significant connections between the specific researchvariables: for four out of six of these variables, the bivariate correlations proved to be significantat 0.05, or even 0.01 level of significance (2-tailed).1144
Table 2: Correlations of the cultural heritage and the travel and tourism indicators for the selectedCentral and Eastern European countriesCorrelationsSpearman's rhoNumber of World HeritageSitesInternational TouristArriv alsInternational TouristReceiptsCorrelation Coef ficientSig. (2-tailed)NCorrelation Coef ficientSig. (2-tailed)NCorrelation Coef ficientSig. (2-tailed)NNumber ofWorldInternationalTouristInternationalTouristTravel &TourismIndustryTravel &TourismIndustry andTravel &TourismEconomyTravel &TourismEconomy andHeritage Sites Arriv als Receipts and GDP Employment and GDP Employment1.000 .639 .949** .882** .730* .824** .832**. .064 .000 .002 .026 .006 .0059 9 9 9 9 9 9.639 1.000 .760* .612 .316 .442 .394.064 . .011 .060 .374 .200 .2609 10 10 10 10 10 10.949** .760* 1.000 .900** .710* .851** .790**.000 .011 . .000 .021 .002 .0079 10 10 10 10 10 10Travel & Tourism Industryand GDPTravel & Tourism Industryand EmploymentTravel & TourismEconomy and GDPTravel & TourismEconomy andEmployment**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).*. Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).Correlation Coef ficientSig. (2-tailed)NCorrelation Coef ficientSig. (2-tailed)NCorrelation Coef ficientSig. (2-tailed)NCorrelation Coef ficientSig. (2-tailed)N.882** .612 .900** 1.000 .924** .879** .915**.002 .060 .000 . .000 .001 .0009 10 10 10 10 10 10.730* .316 .710* .924** 1.000 .778** .948**.026 .374 .021 .000 . .008 .0009 10 10 10 10 10 10.824** .442 .851** .879** .778** 1.000 .818**.006 .200 .002 .001 .008 . .0049 10 10 10 10 10 10.832** .394 .790** .915** .948** .818** 1.000.005 .260 .007 .000 .000 .004 .9 10 10 10 10 10 10The number of the cultural sites included on the UNESCO World Heritage List correlatesignificantly with the international tourism receipts, but not with the international arrivals(although the value of the Spearman rho suggests the existence of a relatively significantassociation). This could mean that, although the cultural sites in the Central and EasternEuropean countries do not attract as many international visitors as it should, the revenues theygenerate are important for the overall performances of the travel and tourism industries. In thiscontext, the appropriate capitalization of the cultural heritage seems to be important as attractingmore international visitors will determine an increase of the international receipts. Also, thecultural heritage seems to contribute to the performances of the travel and tourism industryregarding the formation of GDP and employment.The analysis of the associations between the cultural heritage and the sustainable developmentselected indicators reveals the lack of significant connections: none of the bivariate correlationsproved to be significant, which means that the number of the cultural sites included on the WorldHeritage List does not have relevant associations with the socio-economic indicators describingthe sustainable development, i.e. GDP per capita, share of the gross investments in the GDP, theenergy intensity of the economy, or the employment rate of the population aged 20-64.1145
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